7 research outputs found
Factors affecting the uptake of HIV testing among men: a mixed-methods study in rural burkina faso
Includes bibliographical references (page 13-15).Background
This study aimed to explore factors shaping the decision to undergo Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) testing among men in rural Burkina Faso.
Methods
The study took place in 2009 in the Nouna Health District and adopted a triangulation mixed
methods design. The quantitative component relied on data collected through a structured
survey on a representative sample of 1130 households. The qualitative component relied on
38 in-depth interviews, with men purposely selected to represent variation in testing decision,
age, and place of residence. A two-part model was conducted, with two distinct outcome variables,
i.e. “being offered an HIV test” and “having done an HIV test”. The qualitative data
analysis relied on inductive coding conducted by three independent analysts.
Result
Of the 937 men, 357 had been offered an HIV test and 97 had taken the test. Younger age,
household wealth, living in a village under demographic surveillance, and knowing that HIV
testing is available at primary health facilities were all positively associated with the probability
of being offered an HIV test. Household wealth and literacy were found to be positively
associated, and distance was found to be negatively associated with the probability of having
taken an HIV test. Qualitative findings indicated that the limited uptake of HIV testing
was linked to poor knowledge on service availability and to low risk perceptions.
Conclusion
With only 10% of the total sample ever having tested for HIV, our study confirmed that male
HIV testing remains unacceptably low in Sub-Saharan Africa. This results from a combination of health system factors, indicating general barriers to access, and motivational
factors, such as one’s own knowledge of service availability and risk perceptions. Our
findings suggested that using antenatal care and curative services as the exclusive entry
points into HIV testing may not be sufficient to reach large portions of the male population.
Thus, additional strategies are urgently needed to increase service uptake.Manuela De AllegriIsabelle AgierJustin TiendrebeogoValerie Renée LouisMaurice YéOlaf MuellerMalabika SarkerPublishe
A Two-Center Randomized Trial of an Additional Early Dose of Measles Vaccine: Effects on Mortality and Measles Antibody Levels.
Background: In addition to protecting against measles, measles vaccine (MV) may have beneficial nonspecific effects. We tested the effect of an additional early MV on mortality and measles antibody levels. Methods: Children aged 4-7 months at rural health and demographic surveillance sites in Burkina Faso and Guinea-Bissau were randomized 1:1 to an extra early standard dose of MV (Edmonston-Zagreb strain) or no extra MV 4 weeks after the third diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-hepatitis B-Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine. All children received routine MV at 9 months. We assessed mortality through home visits and compared mortality from enrollment to age 3 years using Cox proportional hazards models, censoring for subsequent nontrial MV. Subgroups of participants had blood sampled to assess measles antibody levels. Results: Among 8309 children enrolled from 18 July 2012 to 3 December 2015, we registered 145 deaths (mortality rate: 16/1000 person-years). The mortality was lower than anticipated and did not differ by randomization group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-1.46). At enrollment, 4% (16/447) of children in Burkina Faso and 21% (90/422) in Guinea-Bissau had protective measles antibody levels. By age 9 months, no measles-unvaccinated/-unexposed child had protective levels, while 92% (306/333) of early MV recipients had protective levels. At final follow-up, 98% (186/189) in the early MV group and 97% (196/202) in the control group had protective levels. Conclusions: Early MV did not reduce all-cause mortality. Most children were susceptible to measles infection at age 4-7 months and responded with high antibody levels to early MV. Clinical Trials Registration: NCT01644721
Descriptive statistics and t-test comparing men who tested and men who did not test for HIV (see table 1 for variable values).
<p>(*) Dummy variable—Preson Chi2 test applies (T-test applies otherwise)</p><p>Descriptive statistics and t-test comparing men who tested and men who did not test for HIV (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0130216#pone.0130216.t001" target="_blank">table 1</a> for variable values).</p
Descriptive statistics and t-test comparing men being offered and men not being offered HIV test (see Table 1 for variable values).
<p>(*) Dummy variable—Preson Chi2 test applies (T-test applies otherwise)</p><p>Descriptive statistics and t-test comparing men being offered and men not being offered HIV test (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0130216#pone.0130216.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for variable values).</p
A two-centre randomised trial of an additional early dose of measles vaccine: Effects on mortality and measles antibody levels.
Besides protecting against measles, measles vaccine (MV) may have beneficial non-specific effects. We tested the effect of an additional early MV on mortality and measles antibody levels