IMPROVED SATELLITE MICROWAVE RETRIEVALS AND THEIR INCORPORATION INTO A SIMPLIFIED 4D-VAR VORTEX INITIALIZATION USING ADJOINT TECHNIQUES

Microwave instruments provide unique radiance measurements for observing surface properties and vertical atmosphere profiles in almost all weather conditions except for heavy precipitation. The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) observes radiation emitted by Earth at window channels, which helps to retrieve surface and column integrated geophysical variables. However, observations at some X- and K-band channels are susceptible to interference by television signals transmitted from geostationary satellites when AMSR2 is scanning regions including the U.S. and Europe, which is referred to as Television Frequency Interference (TFI). It is found that high reflectivity over the ocean surface is favorable for the television signals to be reflected back to space. When the angle between the Earth scene vector and the reflected signal vector is small enough, the reflected TV signals will enter AMSR2’s antenna. As a consequence, TFI will introduce erroneous information to retrieved geophysical products if not detected. This study proposes a TFI correction algorithm for observations over ocean. Microwave imagers are mostly for observing surface or column-integrated properties. In order to have vertical temperature profiles of the atmosphere, a study focusing on the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) is included. A traditional AMSU-A temperature retrieval algorithm is modified to remove the scan biases in the temperature retrieval and to include only those ATMS sounding channels that are correlated with the atmospheric temperatures on the pressure level of the retrieval. The warm core structures derived for Hurricane Sandy when it moved from the tropics to the mid-latitudes are examined. Significant improvements have been obtained for the forecasts of hurricane track, but not intensity, especially during the first 6-12 hours. In this study, a simplified four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) vortex initialization model is developed to assimilate the geophysical products retrieved from the observations of both microwave imagers and microwave temperature sounders. The goal is to generate more realistic initial vortices than the bogus vortices currently incorporated in the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) model in order to improve hurricane intensity forecasts. The case included in this study is Hurricane Gaston (2016). The numerical results show that the satellite geophysical products have a desirable impact on the structure of the initialized vortex

The Application of Augmented Reality Technology for the Anesthesiology Major

Anesthesiology is an important subject for in-depth research in the fields of clinical anesthesia, critical care medicine, first-aid and resuscitation, and pain treatment. As an important branch of clinical medicine, it has strong practicality and applicability. It has the commonality of clinical medicine and the specialty of anesthesiology. Carrying out anesthesiology practice teaching using augmented reality (AR) to simulate the experimental environment and scene simulation is of great significance to promoting the development of anesthesia practice teaching. This article mainly introduces the augmented reality technology. It not only analyzes the main forms of augmented reality technology in anesthesiology, but also explores the application of augmented reality technology for anesthesiology in the new era

Prediction for the surface settlement of double-track subway tunnels for shallow buried loess based on peck formula

In the process of constructing double-track subway tunnels in shallow buried loess areas, the interaction of double-track tunnels is significantly influenced by the net distance and the cross-section size, which is challenging to control the surface settlement. Therefore, the surface settlement prediction is essential while constructing double-track subway tunnels in shallow buried loess areas. The paper analyzed the surface settlement law of shallow buried double-track tunnels in loess areas through theoretical research and numerical simulation. The research results show that with the decrease of the net distance, the surface settlement superimposed curve was double V shape -W shape - single V shape. When the superimposed curve is double V shape and W shape, the Peck formula was used to calculate the surface settlement curve of the single-track tunnel, then superimposed to obtain the final surface settlement curve. When the superimposed surface settlement curve was V shape, based on the Peck formula, the formula for predicting the surface settlement suitable for symmetry and asymmetry was established. The net distance ratio and the area ratio were defined, and considering the tunnel’s interaction, the value and position of the maximum were corrected. Then numerical tests were carried out 16 times with different net distance ratios and area ratios, to determine the parameters of increments and position offsets of the maximum regarding the net distance ratio and the area ratio. Finally, two engineering were conducted for verifying the rationality and applicability exhibited by the prediction formula. The prediction formula served for predicting the surface settlement of double-track subway tunnels in shallow buried loess areas. Which can reduce construction risks and assure the safety of buildings above the ground

dsRNA Virus Model Molecule and the Mechanism of PRRs and its Research Progress in Female Reproductive Tract Infections

Female animal genital tract opening on the body surface, prone to bacterial, viral, parasitic, and other pathogenic microorganism infections, leading to genital tract infectious diseases, such as endometritis, cervicitis, vaginitis, etc. Severe infection can lead to infertility, abortion, and even fetal death. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is an important model molecule, which is widely present in the genome of viruses and generated in the process of virus replication. In mammals, dsRNA is considered to be an innate immune response signal for viral infection, which binds to the corresponding pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) In vivo and then exerts biological functions. This review summarizes the signal transduction pathway induced by the binding of dsRNA model molecules to PRRs, research status of female genital tract infections and research progress of dsRNA in simulating viral infection in the female genital tract

Characterizing Depression Issues on Sina Weibo

The prevalence of depression has increased significantly over the past few years both in developed and developing countries. However, many people with symptoms of depression still remain untreated or undiagnosed. Social media may be a tool to help researchers and clinicians to identify and support individuals who experience depression. More than 394,000,000 postings were collected from China’s most popular social media website, Sina Weibo. 1000 randomly selected depression-related postings was coded and analyzed to learn the themes of these postings, and a text classifier was built to identify the postings indicating depression. The identified depressed users were compared with the general population on demographic characteristics, diurnal patterns, and patterns of emoticon usage. We found that disclosure of depression was the most popular theme; depression displayers were more engaged with social media compared to non-depression displayers, the depression postings showed geographical variations, depression displayers tended to be active during periods of leisure and sleep, and depression displayers used negative emoticons more frequently than non-depression displayers. This study offers a broad picture of depression references on China’s social media, which may be cost effectively developed to detect and help individuals who may suffer from depression disorders.The authors acknowledge the support from the Harbin Institute of Technology’s Visiting Scholar Program and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 71531013)

Učinci pripravka zeljaste biljke Cistanche deserticola na in vitro ekspresiju citokina osteoblasta štakora.

Osteoblasts (OB) play an important role in bone remodeling through the release of cytokines such as osteoprotegerin (OPG), a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and osteopontin (OPN). The objective of our study was to evaluate the effects of Chinese herb extracts of Cistanche (Cistanche deserticola) on the in vitro expression of these cytokines in rat OB cell culture. The primary OBs were isolated from the rat skull by trypsin and collagenase digestion. The cellular phenotype was determined by the Swiss dyeing method, alkaline phosphatase staining, Von Kossa staining, and Alizarin red staining. The gene expression of OPG, RANKL and OPN were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. All treatments with herbaceous plant extracts of Cistanche increased the gene expression of OPG and RANKL at 72 hours of culturing, especially at concentrations of 5×10-2 mg/mL, which were significantly different compared to the control cultures. Treatment significantly reduced the expression of the OPG/RANKL ratio at 48 hours and the expression of OPN mRNA at 72 hours of culturing. The in vitro exposure of OB to the plant preparation of Cistanche promoted the gene expression of OPG and RANKL and reduced the gene expression of OPG/RANKL and OPN, and thus, could maintain the balance of bone formation and resorption during bone metabolism.Osteoblasti (OB) imaju važnu ulogu u remodeliranju kostiju tako što izlučuju citokine, kao što su osteoprotegerin (OPG), ligand receptora aktivacije jezgrenog činitelja kappa-B (engl. receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand; RANKL) i osteopontin (OPN). Cilj našeg istraživanja bio je vrednovanje učinaka ekstrakata kineske biljke Cistanche deserticola na in vitro ekspresiju tih citokina u OB štakora u staničnoj kulturi. Primarni OB bili su izdvojeni iz lubanje štakora digestijom pomoću tripsina i kolagenaze, a njihov je fenotip bio određen uporabom Swiss metode bojenja, bojenjem alkalnom fosfatazom, te bojenjem crvenom bojom po Von Kossi i alizarinom. Ekspresije gena za OPG; RANKL i OPN analizarne su pomoću kvantitativne RT-PCR metode. Svi su tretmani s biljnim iscrpcima biljke Cistanche povećali ekspresiju gena za OPG i RANKL nakon 72 sata kultiviranja, posebice u koncentraciji od 5×10-2 mg/mL, kad su one bile značajno različite u usporedbi s vrijednostima dobivenima za kontrolne kulture, dok je većina tretmana značajno umanjila ekspresiju OPG/RANKL nakon 48 sati te ekspresiju OPN mRNA nakon 72 sata kultiviranja. In vitro izlaganje OB biljnom pripravku Cistanche u primijenjenim koncentracijama potaknulo je ekspresiju gena za OPG i RANKL te umanjilo ekspresiju gena za OPG/RANKL i OPN, pa bi stoga moglo uspostaviti ravnotežu pri obnavljanju i resorbiranju kostiju tijekom koštanog metabolizma

Network-based Management on Repairing Tool Kits of Civil Aviation Engineering Maintenance

Based on features of high speed of network transmission and easy operations, this thesis covers two aspects to realize network-based management on repairing tool kits of civil aviation engineering maintenance. Firstly, develop a network inquiry system, which can help employees and administrators inquire tool borrowing information. Secondly, a module is designed that has functions to transmit text messages to tool kits borrowers prompting them to return tools at times when the returning date approaches

Prediction of high-Tc superconductivity in ternary lanthanum borohydrides

The study of superconductivity in compressed hydrides is of great interest due to measurements of high critical temperatures (Tc) in the vicinity of room temperature, beginning with the observations of LaH10 at 170-190 GPa. However, the pressures required for synthesis of these high Tc superconducting hydrides currently remain extremely high. Here we show the investigation of crystal structures and superconductivity in the La-B-H system under pressure with particle-swarm intelligence structure searches methods in combination with first-principles calculations. Structures with six stoichiometries, LaBH, LaBH3, LaBH4, LaBH6, LaBH7 and LaBH8, were predicted to become stable under pressure. Remarkably, the hydrogen atoms in LaBH8 were found to bond with B atoms in a manner that is similar to that in H3S. Lattice dynamics calculations indicate that LaBH7 and LaBH8 become dynamically stable at pressures as low as 109.2 and 48.3 GPa, respectively. Moreover, the two phases were predicted to be superconducting with a critical temperature (Tc) of 93 K and 156 K at 110 GPa and 55 GPa, respectively. Our results provide guidance for future experiments targeting new hydride superconductors with both low synthesis pressures and high Tc.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures

Chemical Vapor Deposition of High-Quality Large-Sized MoS2 Crystals on Silicon Dioxide Substrates

Large???sized MoS2 crystals can be grown on SiO2/Si substrates via a two???stage chemical vapor deposition method. The maximum size of MoS2 crystals can be up to about 305 ??m. The growth method can be used to grow other transition metal dichalcogenide crystals and lateral heterojunctions. The electron mobility of the MoS2 crystals can reach ???30 cm2 V???1 s???1, which is comparable to those of exfoliated flakes.ope

PARP6 acts as a tumor suppressor via downregulating Survivin expression in colorectal cancer

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are enzymes that transfer ADP-ribose groups to target proteins and are involved in a variety of biological processes. PARP6 is a novel member, and our previous findings suggest that PARP6 may act as a tumor suppressor via suppressing cell cycle progression. However, it is still unclear that PARP6 function besides growth suppression in colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we examined tumor suppressive roles of PAPR6 in CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. We found that PARP6 inhibited colony formation, invasion and migration as well as cell proliferation. Moreover, ectopic overexpression of PARP6 decreased Survivin expression, which acts as an oncogene and is involved in apoptosis and mitosis. We confirmed the inverse correlation between PARP6 and Survivin expression in CRC cases by immunohistochemistry. Importantly, CRC cases with downregulation of PARP6 and upregulation of Survivin showed poor prognosis. In summary, PARP6 acts as a tumor suppressor via downregulating Survivin expression in CRC. PARP6 can be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target together with Survivin for CRC