Evolution and Development of College Law

The history of the development of higher education has received adequate and comprehensive treatment in many texts. However, a brief review of those facets of its evolution which relate to the subject of corporate structure is in order

Evolution and Development of College Law

The history of the development of higher education has received adequate and comprehensive treatment in many texts. However, a brief review of those facets of its evolution which relate to the subject of corporate structure is in order

RNA Sequencing in the Development of Cancer-Cachexia

Introduction: Cancer is a major public health problem in the U.S. and the world. In 2013 there were an estimated 1,660,290 new cases of cancer in the U.S. Cancer-Cachexia (CC) is a common effect of many cancers, and is directly responsible for 20-40% of cancer-related deaths. The mechanisms that control the development of CC are not well understood. Most investigations of CC focus on the post-cachectic state and do not examine the progression of the condition. The purpose of this study was to utilize RNA sequencing to analyze transcriptomic alterations throughout the progression of CC. Methods: Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells (LLC) or Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS, control) were injected into the hind-flank of wildtype C57BL6/J mice at 8 wks of age, and tumor allowed to develop for 1, 2, 3, or 4 wks before euthanasia. RNA was isolated from the gastrocnemius and RNA sequencing performed. Results: RNA sequencing showed widespread alterations in LLC when compared to PBS animals with largest differences seen in 4 wk LLC compared to other conditions. Commonly altered pathways included: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Protein Ubiquitination. Discussion: We demonstrated that alterations in the muscle belly likely occur in phases beginning with early mitochondrial degenerations, which now appear to lead to large transcriptomic shifts concurrent to the onset of muscle atrophy. In agreement with previous work, we observed multiple aspects related to degeneration of mitochondria and oxidative metabolism. The early onset of these alterations shows a need for early interventions in order to effectively ameliorate the effects of CC

College Law: 1970-1971

The evolution and development of college law has continued to accelerate during the past year. Perhaps the best indication of the topics of direct and current concern to those practicing in this area of legal specialization is the agenda of the June 1970 meeting of the NACUA. With few exceptions, the papers presented emphasized the problem of order on the campus and the role of the judiciary in its preservation

College Law: 1970-1971

The evolution and development of college law has continued to accelerate during the past year. Perhaps the best indication of the topics of direct and current concern to those practicing in this area of legal specialization is the agenda of the June 1970 meeting of the NACUA. With few exceptions, the papers presented emphasized the problem of order on the campus and the role of the judiciary in its preservation

Dissociation between Cervical Mucus and Urinary Hormones during the Postpartum Return of Fertility in Breastfeeding Women

Identifying the return of fertility with cervical mucus observations is challenging during the postpartum period. Use of urinary measurements of estrogen and progesterone can assist in understanding the return to fertility during this period. The purposes of this study were to describe the postpartum return of fertility by an analysis of total estrogen (TE) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PDG) profiles and to correlate these profiles with cervical mucus observations. Twenty-six participants collected urine samples during the postpartum period and recorded mucus scores. TE and PDG hormones were analyzed and compared with mucus scores. During amenorrhea, mucus reflected TE changes in only 35 percent of women; after amenorrhea, typical mucus patterns were seen in 33 percent of cycles. We concluded that postpartum mucus and hormone profiles are significantly dissociated but that monitoring urinary hormones may assist in identifying the return of fertility. We also identified different hormonal patterns in the return to fertility. The postpartum period is a challenging time for identifying the return of fertility. The purposes of this study were to describe the hormonal patterns during the return of fertility and to correlate these patterns with cervical mucus observations. Twenty-six postpartum women collected urine samples and recorded mucus scores. Urinary estrogen and progesterone hormones were analyzed and compared with mucus scores. Before the return of menses, mucus reflected hormonal changes in only 35 percent women and after first menses in 33 percent of cycles. We found that hormone profiles do not correlate well with mucus observations during the postpartum return of fertility

Automated ice-core layer-counting with strong univariate signals

We present an automated process for determining the annual layer chronology of an ice-core with a strong annual signal, utilising the hydrogen peroxide record from an Antarctic Peninsula ice-core as a test signal on which to count annual cycles and explain the methods. The signal is de-trended and normalised before being split into sections with a deterministic cycle count and those that need more attention. Possible reconstructions for the uncertain sections are determined which could be used as a visual aid for manual counting, and a simple method for assigning probability measures to each reconstruction is discussed. The robustness of this process is explored by applying it to versions of two different chemistry signals from the same stretch of the NGRIP (North Greenland Ice Core Project) ice-core, which shows more variation in annual layer thickness, with and without thinning to mimic poorer quality data. An adapted version of these methods is applied to the more challenging non-sea-salt sulphur signal from the same Antarctic Peninsula core from which the hydrogen peroxide signal was taken. These methods could readily be adapted for use on much longer datasets, thereby reducing manual effort and providing a robust automated layer-counting methodology