6 research outputs found

    Negative interest rates and its implications on Swedish households

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    Uppsatsen besvarar frĂ„gestĂ€llningen "hur pĂ„verkas svenska hushĂ„ll av negativ rĂ€nta?" i fyra olika teman: sparande, bostadsmarknad & skuldsĂ€ttning, inkomst och konsumtion. FrĂ„gestĂ€llningen besvarades tematiskt med hjĂ€lp av intervjuer, statistik och olika teoretiska byggstenar. Sparkonton förblev hushĂ„llens vanligaste sparform trots införandet av negativ reporĂ€nta. Dock ser vi en förskjutning mot högre riskbenĂ€genhet hos en del hushĂ„ll, den kan riskera att bli "den nya normala" om negativa rĂ€ntor blir bestĂ„ende. Negativa bankinsĂ€ttningsrĂ€ntor kommer sannolikt inte orsaka massiva uttag, eftersom kostnad för kontanthantering Ă€r betydligt högre i takt med att Sverige rör sig mot ett kontantlöst samhĂ€lle, samt att sparkonton har en fördel att den tillhandahĂ„ller likviditet. Bostadsmarknadspriser pĂ„verkas frĂ€mst av demografiska aspekter som urbanisering och bostadsbrist, samtidigt som skuldsĂ€ttning ökat. HushĂ„llen erfar först en sĂ€nkt bostadslĂ„nerĂ€nta ifall de har ett bostadslĂ„n, men korrelationen mellan reporĂ€ntesĂ€nkningar och bolĂ„nesĂ€nkningar har minskat. Teoretiskt bör hushĂ„llens inkomst pĂ„verkas positivt av negativ rĂ€nta, men lönebilden verkar pĂ„verkas av fler faktorer, bland annat yrkesefterfrĂ„gan och ekonomiska cykler. En viss förskjutning mellan inflation och löneutvecklingen finns, dĂ„ lön stiger först efter att inflationsökningar redan skett. HushĂ„llen har upplevt rĂ€ntesĂ€nkningar som direkt gett effekten att konsumtion sjunkit, men inte ökat nĂ€mndevĂ€rt till följd av högre disponibel inkomst genom negativ rĂ€nta. Negativ rĂ€nta pĂ„verkar hushĂ„ll, men inte till stor skillnad frĂ„n vĂ€ldigt lĂ„g rĂ€nta, varav rĂ€ntans passage ner i negativt territorium skapar rĂ€dsla, men fĂ„ hushĂ„ll har agerat aktivt inom alla berörda omrĂ„den som följd. Riksbankens förtroende gĂ€llande rĂ€ntans effektivitet för att pĂ„driva inflation ses Ă€ven som överdriven.Through the work of this Bachelor Thesis we examine "How Swedish households are affected by negative interest?" in four different themes: savings, housing & debt, income and consumption. The question was answered thematically through interviews, statistics and various theoretical building blocks. Despite the introduction of negative repo rate, saving deposits remained the most common form of savings of households. However, we see a shift toward higher risk appetite among some households, and there is a risk that it becomes "the new normal" if negative interest rates become permanent. Negative bank deposit rates will most likely not cause massive withdrawals, because the cost of handling cash is considerably higher in line with Sweden is moving toward a cashless society, and also because saving accounts provide liquidity. Housing market prices are mostly affected by demographic aspects such as urbanization and housing shortage, which increases indebtedness. Mortgages and loans receive a lower interest rate, but the correlation between repo interest rates and mortgage interest rates are becoming weaker. Theoretically household income should be positively affected by negative interest, but wages are dependent of several factors, such as specific profession demand and economic cycles, and a certain offset between inflation and wage growth exists, as wages first rise after inflation growth occurred. Lower interest rates directly cause consumption to decline, as the costs fall, but higher disposable income hasn’t caused consumption to rise notably as of yet. Negative interest rates have effects on the households, but do not give a vast difference from low interest rates. It has caused worries, but few households have reacted actively in all areas concerning households. The Riksbank’s trust in the interest rates efficiency to raise inflation is also seen as exaggerat

    Hemlösa kvinnor i massmedia

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    Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur en svensk dagstidning framstÀller hemlösa kvinnor. Materialet i undersökningen bestod av 58 tidningsartiklar publicerade i Dagens Nyheter under perioden första januari 1993 och sista december 2003, tidningsartiklarna hÀmtades genom sökverktyget Presstext. Metoden som anvÀnts vid analysen av artiklarna Àr innehÄllsanalys med en kvalitativ och en kvantitativ ansats. Materialet analyserades med stöd av teorin symbolisk interaktionism. Studien visade att det i de undersökta artiklarna till stora delar inte skrivs nyanserat om hemlösa kvinnor. Dock tenderar artiklarna att inte enbart skriva om hemlösa kvinnor i sammanhang som missbruk, prostitution och psykisk sjukdom/ohÀlsa. Vidare resulterade undersökningen i att det i 15 artiklar skrevs pÄ ett sÀtt som kan ge lÀsaren möjlighet att kÀnna empati för hemlösa kvinnor. I 12 av det totala antalet artiklar skrevs det stigmatiserande om undersökningsgruppen. Ytterligare framkom i analysen att olika aktörer som arbetar med hemlösa kvinnor fÄr skiftande utrymme i tidningen. DÀrtill visar studien att de aktuella artiklarna som handlar om hemlösa kvinnor inte följer en jÀmn ström över mÄnader och Är. Undersökningen pÄtalar Àven medias vikt i att belysa sociala problem sÄ att dessa fÄr möjlighet att ta plats pÄ den politiska arenan

    The integration of lean thinking and manufacturing business improvement methods within the aerospace supply chain

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    This research was initiated by carrying out an extensive literature survey on the current inter-relationships between Manufacturing Business Improvement Methods (MBIMs). The review highlighted that one particular improvement concept is lean manufacture. This review carried out an investigation into the lean environment and assessed many applications of the concept. The literature survey also highlighted restrictions to lean thinking. It is been proposed how some of these limitations can be alleviated by introducing other MBIMs into an integrated methodology. The research assesses currently practised MBIMs and reveals that these methodologies have differentiating relationships, thus producing many types of implementation strategies. The research resulted in studying the inter-relationships between these MBIMs including cultural issues surrounding process improvement initiatives, so they can be unified into an integrated methodology creating a unique strategy that can be correctly tailored to a chosen environment. This research outlines a proposed design methodology that involves ten stages of change including the planning, creating, data collection, analysis and strategic implementation to apply. The approach flows through the change process systematically highlighting how to achieve the best outcome. Feedback into the system is also visible. The proposed design methodology incorporates significant findings from the research, as it highlights the originality of the amalgamation of both the technical and cultural transformations, which are two very different aspects, but highly important factors of change. By considering the two factors, a more harmonious approach in implementing the MBIMs within a company is achieved, therefore resulting in a higher success rate of change. A number of case studies illustrating the implementation of the proposed design methodology is also presented.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
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