Effect of the arterial needle bevel position on puncture pain and postremoval bleeding time in hemodialysis patients: A self-controlled, single-blind study

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the bevel orientation (facing upwards or downwards towards the skin) of the needle inserted into the arterial limb of the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) on puncture pain and postremoval bleeding time. Methods: This study, using a single-blind crossover design, was conducted on 35 maintenance hemodialysis patients who had been dialyzed for at least 6 months and in whom blood access was via an AVF. AVF cannulation was performed with the needle bevel pointing upward in the first six sessions and the needle bevel pointing downwards (towards the skin) in the subsequent six sessions. Needles were always inserted in the direction of blood flow. At each dialysis session, cannulation pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS), and the bleeding time at the end of dialysis after needle removal was recorded. Findings: The VAS score and postremoval bleeding time were lower when the needle bevel pointed downwards towards the skin during insertion (P < 0.05). Discussion: Insertion of the needle with the bevel pointed downward decreased puncture pain during cannulation and bleeding time postdialysis on needle removal. © 2022 International Society for Hemodialysis

Effects Of Dichlorvos And Characterization Of Microsomal Nadph-Cytochrome P450 And NADH-ferricyanide Reductase In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Liver

The kinetics of oxidation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (NCPR) by cytochrome-c and NADH-ferricyanide reductase (NFR) by K3Fe(CN)6 were studied. NCPR and NFR activities from liver microsomes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) had a specific activity of 0.0246 and 0.0350 nmoles/min/mg protein, respectively. The maximal rate of NCPR reaction was found at cytochrome-c concentrations above 2.1 mM and in the presence of cyt c. Vmax and Km were 0.0083 nmoles/min/mg and 1.14 mM. The maximal rate of NFR reaction was at K3Fe(CN)6 concentrations higher than 2.0 mM and in the presence of K3Fe(CN)6. Vmax and Km values were 1.04 nmoles/min/mg and 0.352 mM, respectively. The inhi- bition by dichlorvos (DDVP) on NCPR and NFR activity was not exhibited over the range 1.0-5.0 mM DDVP

Effects of bay leaf (Laurus nobilis) and green tea (Camellia sinensis) extracts on the physicochemical properties of the marinated anchovies with vacuum packaging

Green tea and bay leaf extracts are natural preservatives for increasing the shelf life of food products. Effects of green tea and bay leaf extract on anchovy marinades were determined by measuring microbiological, sensory, and physical properties. Marinated anchovies were prepared with 4.2% wine vinegar, 9% salt solution and ripened for 24 h at 10°C in a fish processing factory. Green tea extract (1%, 2% w/v), bay leaf extract (0.1%, 0.2 w/v) were added to the marination solution. Following the draining procedure, marinated anchovies were vacuum packaged and stored at 4°C for 240 days. The addition of green tea and bay leaf extract reduced microbial load, TVB-N (total volatile basic nitrogen) level, and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) value. Green tea extract was most effective on lipid peroxidation and yielded a darker color, which is not preferred by customers. Biogenic amines amount in all of the samples were very low due to low acidity level and good manufacturing practices. Plant extracts had no significant effect on biogenic amine accumulation in marinated anchovies

Evaluation of the effects of selective laser trabeculoplasty on anterior segment parameters by anterior segment optical coherence tomography

WOS: 000495711900001PubMed: 31713002To prospectively examine the effects of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) on the anterior chamber angle (ACA) and its related parameters using anterior segment-optic coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Fifty eyes of 50 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension were included in the study. AS-OCT was performed before SLT application, immediately after and at 1 day and 1 month. Intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were also recorded and evaluated. No statistically significant difference was determined in ACA and other AS-OCT parameters (AOD, angle opening distance at 500 and 750 mm; TISA, trabecular-iris space area at 500 and 750 mm) before and 1 day after SLT application (p > 0.05). However, a statistically significant increase was determined in both the temporal and nasal ACA, AOD and TISA values between the baseline and day 30 (p 0.05). SLT resulted in an increase in ACA, AOD and TISA when evaluated using AS-OCT. We think that this study provides a different perspective concerning the effects of SLT in the angle region and the involved mechanism

Evaluation of the effects of selective laser trabeculoplasty on anterior segment parameters by anterior segment optical coherence tomography

WOS: 000495711900001PubMed: 31713002To prospectively examine the effects of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) on the anterior chamber angle (ACA) and its related parameters using anterior segment-optic coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Fifty eyes of 50 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension were included in the study. AS-OCT was performed before SLT application, immediately after and at 1 day and 1 month. Intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were also recorded and evaluated. No statistically significant difference was determined in ACA and other AS-OCT parameters (AOD, angle opening distance at 500 and 750 mm; TISA, trabecular-iris space area at 500 and 750 mm) before and 1 day after SLT application (p > 0.05). However, a statistically significant increase was determined in both the temporal and nasal ACA, AOD and TISA values between the baseline and day 30 (p 0.05). SLT resulted in an increase in ACA, AOD and TISA when evaluated using AS-OCT. We think that this study provides a different perspective concerning the effects of SLT in the angle region and the involved mechanism

Role of Quercetin in Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress, Testicular Damage, and Apoptosis in Rats

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of quercetin on cadmium-induced oxidative stress, testicular damage, and apoptosis in rat testes. STUDY DESIGN: The rats were randomly allotted into 1 of 3 experimental groups: control, cadmium-treated, and cadmium-treated with quercetin; each group con- tained 10 animals. Control animals received daily injec- tions of the saline vehicle alone. The cadmium-treated group was injected subcutaneously with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) dissolved in saline at a dose of 2 mL/kg/ day for 30 days, resulting in a dosage of 1 mg/kg cadmium. The rats in quercetin-treated groups were given quercetin (15 mg/kg body weight) once a day i.p., starting 2 days prior to the cadmium injection during the study period. All animals were sacrificed and testes tissues were removed for histopathological and biochemical (malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GSH-Px], and serum testosterone levels) investigation. RESULTS: The mean seminiferous tubule diameter, Johnsen's mean testicular biopsy score values, biochemical parameters (MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, and serum testosterone levels), and amount of germ cell apoptosis were significantly decreased in the cadmium-treated groups as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the quercetin-treated animals showed improved histological and biochemical parameters in the cadmium-treated group. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that quercetin treatment protected testes against toxic effects of cadmium. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of quercetin may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment for spermatogenesis after testicular injury caused by cadmium-treated rats

Role of quercetin in cadmium-induced oxidative stress, testicular damage, and apoptosis in rats

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of quercetin on cadmium-induced oxidative stress, testicular damage, and apoptosis in rat testes. STUDY DESIGN: The rats were randomly allotted into 1 of 3 experimental groups: control, cadmium-treated, and cadmium-treated with quercetin; each group contained 10 animals. Control animals received daily injections of the saline vehicle alone. The cadmium-treated group was injected subcutaneously with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) dissolved in saline at a dose of 2 mL/kg/ day for 30 days, resulting in a dosage of 1 mg/kg cadmium. The rats in quercetin-treated groups were given quercetin (15 mg/kg body weight) once a day i.p., starting 2 days prior to the cadmium injection during the study period. All animals were sacrificed and testes tissues were removed for histopathological and biochemical (malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GSH-Px], and serum testosterone levels) investigation. RESULTS: The mean seminiferous tubule diameter, Johnsen's mean testicular biopsy score values, biochemical parameters (MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, and serum testosterone levels), and amount of germ cell apoptosis were significantly decreased in the cadmium-treated groups as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the quercetin-treated animals showed improved histological and biochemical parameters in the cadmium-treated group. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that quercetin treatment protected testes against toxic effects of cadmium. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of quercetin may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment for spermatogenesis after testicular injury caused by cadmium-treated rats. © 2016 Science Printers and Publishers, Inc