Two-Hadron-Irreducible QCD Sum Rule for Pentaquark Baryon

We point out that naive pentaquark correlations function include two-hadron-reducible contributions, which are given by convolution of baryon and meson correlation functions and have nothing to do with pentaquark. We show that the two-hadron-reducible contributions are large in the operator product expansion of the correlation functions of three existing works on the pentaquark. Therefore, it is dangerous to draw a conclusion from the sum rules using naive pentaquark correlation functions with naive ansatz for the spectral function under the dispersion integral. Instead, we propose to use the two-hadron-irreducible correlation function, which is obtained by subtracting the two-hadron-reducible contribution from the naive correlation function. Taking one of the works as an example we demonstrate how drastically the results can change if we remove the two-hadron-reducible part from the naive correlation function. We obtain the result opposite to the original work for the parity of the pentaquark.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Synthesis of 2-amino- and 2-arylazoazulenes via nucleophilic aromatic substitution of 2-chloroazulenes with amines and arylhydrazines

The SNAr reaction of 2-chloroazulene derivative 1 with ethoxycarbonyl groups at the 1,3-positions of the azulene ring with several amines afforded the corresponding 2-aminoazulenes 3-9 in excellent yields. 2-Chloroazulene (2) without the electron-withdrawing groups reacted with highly nucleophilic cyclic amines (i.e., morpholine, piperidine and pyrrolidine) under the high-temperature conditions in a sealed tube to produce the corresponding 2-aminoazulenes 10-12 in good yields. 2-Aminoazulenes 10-14 without the electron-withdrawing groups were also obtained in good yields by the treatment of compounds 3-7 with 100% H3PO4, but in the cases of the reaction of 8 and 9 with a secondary amine function, the decomposition of the products resulted. The synthesis of 2-arylazoazulenes 15-18 was also established via the SNAr reaction of 1 with arylhydrazines. The optical and electrochemical properties of the 2-arylazoazulene derivatives were examined by UV/Vis spectroscopy, theoretical calculations and voltammetric experiments.ArticleORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY. 94(10):3917-3923 (2017)journal articl

752-5 Dose the “No Reflow” Phenomenon Immediately After Successful Direct Angioplasty Always Indicate Poor Functional Recovery?

Experimental studies have demonstrated that “no reflow” phenomenon after prolonged coronary occlusion indicates advanced myocardial necrosis. In clinical settings, previous studies have suggested that presence of “no reflow” phenomenon following thrombolysis is a useful predictor of poor functional recovery. To test the hypothesis that “no reflow” phenomenon is closely related to the recovery of regional wall motion in a reperfused AMI, we studied 42 myocardial segments in 18 patients with AMI who achieved successful direct angioplasty. MCE was performed immediately after direct angioplasty and repeated 2 weeks later with intracoronary injection of sonicated albumin. Contrast effect in each segment was scored as 0–2 (0, 1 and 2 denoting no, partial and homogeneous contrast effect, respectively). 2D-Echo was performed at day-1 and repeated 1 month later. Wall motion (WM) by 2D-Echo was scored as 0–3 (scores of 0 to 3 indicating dys/akinetic segments to normal. respectively). The relation between mean WM and MCE score immediately after direct angioplasty was as follows:MCE scoreday-l WM1 Month WMChange2 (n=20)1.1±0.8**1.7±0.7*,#0.6±0.91 (n=7)0.6±0.8*1.4±1.4#0.9±0.90 (n=15)0.0±0.00.8±1.0##0.8±1.0*p<0.01**p<0.001 vs. MCE score=0#p<0.05##p<0.01 vs. day-l WMSeven of 15 segments (47%) with MCE score=0 immediately after direct angioplasty showed functional recovery at 1 month later, and 6 of the 7 segments (86%) showed contrast enhancement at 2 weeks later restudy.ConclusionAbout one half of segments which showed no contrast enhancement immediately after direct angioplasty showed functional recovery at 1 month later, and the majority of these segments showed contrast enhancement at 2 weeks later restudy. The “no reflow” phenomenon by MCE immediately after successful direct angioplasty dose not always indicate poor functional recovery

Application of Heavy-Metal-Free Pd/C Catalyst for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Sodium Lactate to Pyruvate in an Aqueous Phase under Pressurized Oxygen

According to previous reports, the oxidative dehydrogenation of lactic acid to pyruvic acid in an aqueous phase does not proceed with Pd/C, while Pd/C doped with Te or Pb has catalytic activity at atmospheric pressure and 363 K in an aqueous NaOH solution at a pH of 8. Since use of heavy metals, such as Te or Pb, is inconsistent with green chemistry, a heavy-metal-free Pd/C catalyst is employed in the present study. The oxidative dehydrogenation of sodium lactate to sodium pyruvate in an aqueous phase at 358 K under pressurized oxygen at 1 MPa proceeded favorably using Pd/C with no adjustment of solution pH. Under pressurized oxygen, the catalytic activity of Pd/C was similar to that of Pd/C doped with either Te or Pb. This result suggests that a heavy-metal-free Pd/C catalytst might also be applied to other catalytic reactions. As an alternative to doping Pd/C with Te or Pb, the dissolution of gaseous oxygen into the reaction solution significantly enhanced the catalytic activity of Pd/C. To show the contribution of the dissolution of gaseous oxygen, the effects of the volume of oxygen in the reactor (stainless autoclave) on the reaction rate and the activity were examined. The activation parameters thus obtained reveal that the volume of oxygen in the reactor is a more important determinant of catalytic activity than the activation of the reaction itself