Foam-glue syringe: a novel combined echo-guided endovascular treatment

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Glauco Bassi

This paper is part of the monographic issue: 'Did the Masters of the past know the future? History and update of Italian Phlebolymphology' Guest editor: Alberto Macciò (Phlebology - Part I edited by G. Agus; Phlebology - Part II edited by P. Bonadeo; Lymphology edited by F. Boccardo

Scintigraphy-based analysis of possible pulmonary lesions after foam sclerotherapy: a pilot study

The aims of this study were to assess extemporaneous in vivo binding between 99mTcO4- and two sclerosant detergents in foam sclerotherapy, and subsequently to control any possible damage in lungs and other organs related to sclerosant foam passage. A prospective comparative pilot study was performed on two male patients (62 and 56 years old) affected by varicose veins; each of them underwent scintigraphy investigations with free radiotracer and a scintigraphy investigation after each of the four sessions of sclerotherapy of varicose tributaries of the lower limbs with labeled sclerosant foam. One of the two patients underwent two further scintigraphic investigations, with free radiotracer and with labeled sclerosant foam, at a later stage. Four mL of 2% polidocanol (POL) foam, or four mL of 1% sodiumtetradecylsulfate (STS) foam for session were injected. The sclerosant foam was labeled with the radioactive tracer technetium pertechnetate, 99mTcO4- (120 MBq per exam). Two scintigraphy assessments for free tracer (basal) and five scintigraphy investigations of bound-tosclerosant tracer uptake/transit were obtained. No relevant variations in time/activity curves of the lungs and other organs were documented between the basal and post-sclerotherapy findings, also at the later stage. Free radiotracer mean region-of-interest data were: 336 counts (heart), 208 counts (lungs) and 371 counts (thyroid). Mean values extrapolated from each curve at each step for labeled CO2O2-based sclerosant foam were respectively: 351 counts (POL) and 328 counts (STS) for heart, 202 counts (POL) and 188 counts (STS) for lungs, 335 (POL) and 263 (STS) for thyroid. No pulmonary damage by sclerosant foam was caused. Neither immediately after treatments, nor at short-term follow-up

Timing and modality of the sclerosing agents binding to the human proteins: laboratory analysis and clinical evidences

Sclerosing agents (SA) are blood inactivated. Nevertheless, investigations concerning the interaction among SA and blood components have never been deeply investigated. Aim of the study is to precisely identify SA blood ligands, to determine their binding time and to highlight the clinical consequences. Thirty-one blood samples were collected from chronic venous disease patients and tested by capillary and agarose gel (AGE) electrophoresis before and after adding polidocanol (POL) and sodiumtetradecylsulphate (STS). The two different types of electrophoresis allowed an evaluation of the blood proteins binding with the sclerosing agents, with a reaction time lower than 8 seconds for the AGE. Subsequently six patients underwent foam sclerotherapy and then were subdivided in group A (4 patients) and B (2 patients). In group A blood sample was obtained from the ipsilateral brachial vein immediately before (T0) and repeated 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes after injection of STS 3% injection into the GSV. In group B, the same procedure was performed with the same timing from the ipsilateral femoral vein. Free STS (fSTS) and total proteinbound STS (bSTS) were measured. POL mainly binds to β-globulins (11%), while STS to albumin and α-globulins (62.6% and 30.7%) on the protidogram, respectively. Both in the brachial and in the femoral vein, the average fSTS was always 0. STS binds to albumin (62.6%) and α-globulins (30.7%), while POL is bound mainly by the b-globulins (11%). The present paper demonstrates how the vast majority of the sclerosing agent is bound to the blood proteins, suggesting the need to look for possible sclerotherapy complications factors also in the used gas and/or in the subsequent cathabolites release

Desenvolvimento de meio de cultivo para produção de microalgas e cianobactéria utilizando fósforo proveniente da cinza de palma de óleo

Orientador : Prof. Dr. Júlio César de CarvalhoCoorientadora : Profa. Dra. Cristine RodriguesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 31/03/2017Inclui referências : f.89-98Resumo: O fósforo (P) é um elemento vital para todos os organismos, porém a alta demanda por este mineral pode levar suas reservas a serem exauridas em algumas décadas. O desperdício deste nutriente e a falta de controle do fluxo de fósforo tem encorajado diversas pesquisas a serem conduzidas no âmbito de reaproveitar o fósforo de uma variedade de resíduos. Assim como outros organismos, microalgas e cianobactérias necessitam de fósforo disponível para o seu crescimento. Estes organismos emergem no cenário mundial como fontes de compostos importantes como proteínas, ácidos graxos e pigmentos. Dessa forma, o presente estudo buscou otimizar a extração ácida do fósforo de cinza de biomassa de palma, e desenvolver meio de cultivo para cianobactéria e microalga, a partir do extrato de cinza de palma. A extração ácida da cinza de biomassa de palma realizada por HNO3 sob condições de 70°C; 0,02 mol H+/g de cinza; 150mL/g de cinza apresentou resultados de 97,52% de dissolução do fósforo. A otimização realizada através de um planejamento fatorial 33 indicou que, sob grau de confiança de 0,05, os fatores temperatura e mol de H+/g de cinza contribuíram significativamente para uma maior dissolução do P, enquanto que a cinética de dissolução do P permitiu concluir que entre 8 e 10h são suficientes para extrair o fósforo esperado da cinza de biomassa de palma. O uso de HNO3 foi justificado por ser o acidificante responsável pela extração do P e por ser posteriormente a fonte de nitrogênio no cultivo de microalgas e cianobactéria. A condição de extração 70°C; 0,02 mol H+/g de cinza; 150mL/g de cinza gerou um meio denominado BAX, com relação N/P de 16,9/1 Ao final de 31 dias, Spirulina platensis e Neochloris oleoabundans, e ao final de 27 dias Dunaliella salina, cultivadas em meio BAX proveniente de extrato de cinza de palma, apresentaram 82, 90 e 100% respectivamente, da concentração observada nos meios controles. As produtividades de 0,063, 0,026 e 0,021 g/L.dia foram obtidas para Spirulina platensis, Neochloris oleoabundans e Dunaliella salina respectivamente, apenas com correção de pH e suplementação de NaCl para Dunaliella salina. A quantidade de fosfato removida dos cultivos em meio BAX foram semelhantes aos encontrados nos meios controles, onde Neochloris oleoabundans e Dunaliella salina apresentaram uma remoção quase que completa de fosfato dos meios. O escalonamento com S. platensis em um cultivo de 120 litros apresentou concentração de 1,60 g/L e produtividade de 0,045 g/L.dia após 31 dias de cultivo, mostrando que o cultivo de microalgas e cianobactéria é possível em meio formulado a partir de extrato aquoso de cinza de biomassa de palma. Palavras-chave: Microalga; extração de fósforo; relação de Redfield; meio de cultura; cinza de biomassa.Abstract: Phosphorus (P) is a vital element for all organisms, but the high demand for this mineral may lead its reserves to near exhaustion in a few decades. The waste of this nutrient and the lack of control of the phosphorus flow has encouraged many researchers to study the reuse of the phosphorus from a variety of residues. Like other organisms, microalgae and cyanobacteria also require phosphorus available for their growth. These organisms emerge on the World as sources of important compounds like proteins, fatty acids and pigments. Thus, the present study sought to optimize the acid extraction of the phosphorus from palm oil biomass ash, and to develop a culture media for cyanobacteria and microalgae, from the palm oil biomass ash extract. Acid extraction of palm oil biomass ash by HNO3 under conditions of 70°C; 0.02 mol H+/g of ash; 150mL/g of ash presented results of 97.52% of phosphorus dissolution. The optimization performed through a factorial design 33 indicated that, under a confidence level of 0.05, the factors temperature and mols of H+/g of ash contributed significantly to a higher dissolution of P, while kinetics of P dissolution allowed to conclude that between 8 and 10 hours are sufficient to extract the expected phosphorus from the palm oil biomass ash. The use of HNO3 was justified due to its acidification capacity, responsible for the P extraction and also for being later the source of nitrogen in the cultivation of microalgae and cyanobacteria. The extraction condition 70°C; 0.02 mol H+/g of ash; 150mL/g of ash generated a media called BAX with N/P ratio of 16.9/1. At the end of 31 days, Spirulina platensis and Neochloris oleoabundans, and at the end of 27 days Dunaliella salina, grown in BAX medium from palm oil ash extract, presented 82, 90 and 100%, respectively, of the concentration observed in the control media. The productivity of 0.063, 0.026 and 0.021 g/L.day were obtained for Spirulina platensis, Neochloris oleoabundans and Dunaliella salina respectively, only with pH correction and NaCl supplementation for Dunaliella salina. The amount of phosphate removed from the BAX medium were similar to those found in the control media, where Neochloris oleoabundans and Dunaliella salina showed almost complete phosphate removal from the media. A scaling up with S. platensis in a 120 liter culture showed a concentration of 1.60 g/L and productivity of 0.045 g/L.day after 31 days of growth, showing that the cultivation of microalgae and cyanobacteria is possible in medium formulated from aqueous extract of palm biomass ash. Keywords: Microalgae; phosphorus extraction; Redfield Ratio; culture media; biomass ash

Increasing public venous awareness, graduated compression stockings compliance and scientific data collection through open events on golf courses: A feasibility study

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Stima della prevalenza di broncopneumopatia cronico-ostruttiva basata su dati sanitari correnti, mediante l\u27uso di un algoritmo comune, in differenti aree italiane

Aim: to estimate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by integrating various administrative health information systems. Methods: prevalent COPD cases were defined as those reported in the hospital discharge registry (HDR) and cause of mortality registry (CMR) with codes 490*, 491*, 492*, 494* e 496* of the International diseases classification 9th revision. Annual prevalence was estimated in 35+ year-old residents in six Italian areas of different sizes, in the period 2002-2004. We in- Annunziata Faustini,1 Silvia Cascini,1 Massimo Arc?,1 Daniela Balzi,2 Alessandro Barchielli,2 Cristina Canova,3 Claudia Galassi,4 Enrica Migliore,4,5 Sante Minerba,6 Maria Angela Protti,7 Anna Romanelli,7 Roberta Tessari,3,8 Maria Angela Vigotti,9 Lorenzo Simonato3 1Dipartimento di epidemiologia, ASL RME, Roma 2Unit? operativa di epidemiologia, Azienda sanitaria 10, Firenze 3Dipartimento di medicina ambientale e sanit? pubblica, Universit? di Padova 4Servizio di epidemiologia dei tumori, ASO S. Giovanni Battista, CPO Piemonte e Universit? di Torino 5Unit? di pneumologia, CPA-ASL TO2, Torino 6Unit? di statistica ed epidemiologia, ASL 1 Taranto 7Sezione di epidemiologia e ricerca sui servizi sanitari, IFC-CNR, Pisa 8Unit? di epidemiologia, Dipartimento di prevenzione, Azienda ULSS 12 Veneziana 9Dipartimento di biologia, Universit? di Pisa Corrispondenza: Annunziata Faustini, Dipartimento di epidemiologia, ASL RME, via Santa Costanza 53, 00198 Roma; tel. 06 86060486; fax 06 86060463; e-mail [email protected] cluded cases observed in the previous four years who were alive at the beginning of each year. Results: in 2003, age-standardized prevalence rates varied from 1.6% in Venice to 5% in Taranto. Prevalence was higher in males and increased with age. The highest rates were observed in central (Rome) and southern (Taranto) cities, especially in the 35-64 age group. HDR contributed 91% of cases. Healthtax exemption registry would increase the prevalence estimate by 0.2% if used as a third data source. Conclusions: with respect to the National Health Status suraldelvey, COPD prevalence is underestimated by 1%-3%; this can partly be due to the selection of severe and exacerbated COPD by the algorithm used. However, age, gender and geographical characteristics of prevalent cases were comparable to national estimates. Including cases observed in previous years (longitudinal estimates) increased the point estimate (yearly) of prevalence two or three times in each area.Obiettivi: stimare la prevalenza della broncopneumopatia cronico-ostruttiva (BPCO) mediante l\u27utilizzo integrato di dati sanitari correnti. Metodi: la prevalenza ? stata stimata nella popolazione residente di et? superiore ai 34 anni, in sei aree geografiche, per gli anni 2002-2004. I casi prevalenti sono stati individuati dai registri delle schede di dimissione ospedaliera (SDO) e delle cause di morte (RCM), mediante i codici ICD9-CM 490*, 491*, 492*, 494* e 496* della Classificazione internazionale delle malattie 9? revisione (ICD9-CM). Ai casi osservati in ciascun anno sono stati aggiunti i pazienti ricoverati nei quattro anni precedenti e vivi all\u27inizio dell\u27anno di stima. Risultati: la prevalenza della BPCO, stimata mediante tassi standardizzati per et?, varia per il 2003 dall\u271,6% di Venezia sural 5% di Taranto. La prevalenza ? pi? alta negli uomini e aumenta con l\u27et?; Taranto e Roma presentano i valori pi? elevati, specialmente nelle classi d\u27et? dai 35 ai 64 anni. Fonte principale dei casi sono i ricoveri ospedalieri, con un contributo di almeno il 91%. L\u27uso delle esenzioni ticket come terza fonte incrementa la stima di prevalenza dello 0,2%. Conclusioni: la prevalenza della BPCO ? sottostimata dell\u271%-3% rispetto ai dati dell\u27indagine Istat sullo stato di salute; questo ? in parte attribuibile alla selezione dei casi medio- gravi da parte dell\u27algoritmo utilizzato. Tuttavia le stime mantengono le caratteristiche attese nella distribuzione per genere, et? e area geografica. Inoltre, l\u27uso longitudinale dei dati ospedalieri aumenta di 2-3 volte la stima di prevalenza basata sui dati dei singoli anni

A phlebo-lymphology humanitarian trip to Matagalpa, Nicaragua

Amigos de Salud and Vene e Linfatici Foundation took part in a volunteer medical trip in Nicaragua. A detailed description of the provided healthcare is reported