12 research outputs found
Acute intraabdominal hemorrhage from an aneurysm on uterine artery
A 36-year-old woman was underwent emergency laparotomy for acute intraabdominal hemorrhage, but bleeding points were not found. Abdominal pains continued after the laparotomy, and rupture of aneurysm on uterine artery was found in angiography. An transcatheter arterial embolization was done for the uterine artery, and the aneurysm was found to disappear in 4-day-after the angiography. Rupture of an aneurysm on uterine artery should be considered for the causes of acute intraabdominal hemorrhage
The arrangement of lateral veins along the midvein of leaves is not related to leaf phyllotaxis
Abstract Positions of leaves along a stem usually adhere to a genetically determined, species-specific pattern known as a leaf phyllotaxis. We investigated whether the arrangement of lateral secondary veins along primary midveins adhered to a species-specific pattern that resembled an alternate or opposite phyllotaxis. We analyzed the venation of temperate dicotyledonous species from different taxonomic groups and chose 18 woody and 12 herbaceous species that have reticulated leaf venation. The arrangement of the lateral veins was neither alternate nor opposite for any of the species. Lateral vein arrangements were instead mixtures of symmetric and asymmetric patterns. Our results show that lateral vein arrangements are related neither to stem-level leaf phyllotaxis (alternate vs. opposite) nor to life form (woody vs. herbaceous). Our results are therefore generally consistent with the canalization hypothesis that the locations of lateral veins are not completely specified genetically prior to leaf formation
Data from: The arrangement of lateral veins along the midvein of leaves is not related to leaf phyllotaxis
Positions of leaves along a stem usually adhere to a genetically determined, species-specific pattern known as a leaf phyllotaxis. We investigated whether the arrangement of lateral secondary veins along primary midveins adhered to a species-specific pattern that resembled an alternate or opposite phyllotaxis. We analyzed the venation of temperate dicotyledonous species from different taxonomic groups and chose 18 woody and 12 herbaceous species that have reticulated leaf venation. The arrangement of the lateral veins was neither alternate nor opposite for any of the species. Lateral vein arrangements were instead mixtures of symmetric and asymmetric patterns. Our results show that lateral vein arrangements are related neither to stem-level leaf phyllotaxis (alternate vs. opposite) nor to life form (woody vs. herbaceous). Our results are therefore generally consistent with the canalization hypothesis that the locations of lateral veins are not completely specified genetically prior to leaf formation
Drug Binding Dynamics of the Dimeric SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease, Determined by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
We performed molecular dynamics simulation of the dimeric SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute
respiratory syndrome corona virus 2) main protease (Mpro) to examine the binding
dynamics of small molecular ligands. Seven HIV inhibitors, darunavir, indinavir,
lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, and tipranavir, were used as the potential lead
drugs to investigate access to the drug binding sites in Mpro. The frequently accessed sites
on Mpro were classified based on contacts between the ligands and the protein, and the
differences in site distributions of the encounter complex were observed among the
ligands. All seven ligands showed binding to the active site at least twice in 28 simulations
of 200 ns each. We further investigated the variations in the complex structure of the
active site with the ligands, using microsecond order simulations. Results revealed a wide
variation in the shapes of the binding sites and binding poses of the ligands. Additionally,
the C-terminal region of the other chain often interacted with the ligands and the active
site. Collectively, these findings indicate the importance of dynamic sampling of protein-
ligand complexes and suggest the possibilities of further drug optimisations.
Raw trajectory data analysed in this paper and movie examples are available at the zenodo
repository.
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Molecular Design for Preparation of Hexagonal-Ordered Porous Films Based on Side-Chain-Type Liquid-Crystalline Star Polymer
Fabrication of regularly porous films
by the breath-figure method has attracted much attention. The simple,
low-cost technique uses the condensation of water droplets to produce
these structures, but the phenomenon itself is complex, requiring
control over many interacting parameters that change throughout the
process. Developing a unified understanding for the molecular design
of polymers to prepare ordered porous films is challenging, but required
for further advancements. In this article, the effects of the chemical
structure of polymers in the breath-figure technique were systematically
explored using side-chain-type liquid-crystalline star polymers. The
formation of porous films was affected by the structure of the polymers.
Although the entire film surface of poly(11-[4-(4-cyanobiphenyl)oxy]undecyl
methacrylate) (<b>P11CB</b>) had a hexagonal ordered porous
structure over a certain <i>M</i><sub>n</sub> value, regularly
arranged holes did not easily form in poly(methyl methacrylate) (<b>PMMA</b>), even though the main chain of <b>PMMA</b> is
similar to that of <b>P11CB</b>. A comparison of <b>P11CB</b> and poly(11-[(1,1′-biphenyl)-4-yloxy]undecyl methacrylate)
(<b>P11B</b>) (<b>P11CB</b> without cyano groups) showed
that the local polar groups in hydrophobic polymers promoted the formation
of ordered porous films. No holes were formed in poly(4-cyanobiphenyl
methacrylate) (<b>P0CB</b>) (<b>P11CB</b> without alkyl
spacers) films due to its hydrophilicity. The introduction of alkyl
chains in <b>P0CB</b> allowed the preparation of honeycomb-structured
films by increasing the internal tension. However, alkyl chains in
the side chain alone did not result in a porous structure, as in the
case of poly(undecyl methacrylate) (<b>P11</b>). Aromatic rings
are also required to increase the <i>T</i><sub>g</sub> and
improve film formability. In the present study, suitable molecular
designs of polymers were found, specifically hydrophobic polymers
with local polar groups, to form a regularly porous structure. Development
of clear guidelines for the molecular design of polymers is the subject
of our current research, which will enable the fabrication of porous
films using various functional polymers