A microbiological profile of commercially prepared salads

Samples of commercially prepared chicken salad, ham salad, potato salad, cole slaw, pimento cheese spread and several other types of salads from producers were analyzed microbiologically upon receipt and five days after the expiration date for aerobic plate count, psychrophilic plate count, coliform count and yeast and mold count. Plating was carried out by homogenizing ten grams of each salad with ten milliliters of 2 percent sodium citrate to a pipettable consistency in a Virtis homogenizer and pouring plates. Aerobic plate count ranges of less than 100 to greater than 30 million organisms per gram of fresh salad and from less than 100 to greater than 1.5 billion organisms per gram of salad after the expiration date were found. The psychrophilic plate count range was from less than 100 to 31 million organisms per gram of fresh salad and from less than 100 to greater than 970 million organisms per gram of salad after the expiration date. Coliform plate count ranges were from less than one to 1,990 coliforms per gram of salad after the expiration date. Yeast and mold plate count ranges were from less than one to greater than 300,000 organisms per gram of fresh salad and from less than one to greater than 300,000 organisms per gram of salad after the expiration date.. Bacteria from aerobic plate counts, psychrophilic plate counts and coliform counts were isolated according to differences in colony type and location in the agar. The bacteria were characterized for identification. Identified bacteria included eight species of Bacillus, six species of Lactobacillus, three species of Leuconostoc, five species of Streptococcus, three species of Micrococcus, one species of Escherichia, one species of Enterobacter and one species of Citrobacter. Members of the genera of Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Actinomyces were also found

Intermittent electron density and temperature fluctuations and associated fluxes in the Alcator C-Mod scrape-off layer

The Alcator C-Mod mirror Langmuir probe system has been used to sample data time series of fluctuating plasma parameters in the outboard mid-plane far scrape-off layer. We present a statistical analysis of one second long time series of electron density, temperature, radial electric drift velocity and the corresponding particle and electron heat fluxes. These are sampled during stationary plasma conditions in an ohmically heated, lower single null diverted discharge. The electron density and temperature are strongly correlated and feature fluctuation statistics similar to the ion saturation current. Both electron density and temperature time series are dominated by intermittent, large-amplitude burst with an exponential distribution of both burst amplitudes and waiting times between them. The characteristic time scale of the large-amplitude bursts is approximately 15{\mu}s. Large-amplitude velocity fluctuations feature a slightly faster characteristic time scale and appear at a faster rate than electron density and temperature fluctuations. Describing these time series as a superposition of uncorrelated exponential pulses, we find that probability distribution functions, power spectral densities as well as auto-correlation functions of the data time series agree well with predictions from the stochastic model. The electron particle and heat fluxes present large-amplitude fluctuations. For this low-density plasma, the radial electron heat flux is dominated by convection, that is, correlations of fluctuations in the electron density and radial velocity. Hot and dense blobs contribute approximately 6% of the total fluctuation driven heat flux

Fluctuation statistics in the scrape-off layer of Alcator C-Mod

We study long time series of the ion saturation current and floating potential, sampled by Langmuir probes dwelled in the outboard mid-plane scrape off layer and embedded in the lower divertor baffle of Alcator C-Mod. A series of ohmically heated L-mode plasma discharges is investigated with line-averaged plasma density ranging from n_e/n_G = 0.15 to 0.42, where n_G is the Greenwald density. All ion saturation current time series that are sampled in the far scrape-off layer are characterized by large-amplitude burst events. Coefficients of skewness and excess kurtosis of the time series obey a quadratic relationship and their histograms coincide partially upon proper normalization. Histograms of the ion saturation current time series are found to agree well with a prediction of a stochastic model for the particle density fluctuations in scrape-off layer plasmas. The distribution of the waiting times between successive large-amplitude burst events and of the burst amplitudes are approximately described by exponential distributions. The average waiting time and burst amplitude are found to vary weakly with the line-averaged plasma density. Conditional averaging reveals that the radial blob velocity, estimated from floating potential measurements, increases with the normalized burst amplitude in the outboard mid-plane scrape-off layer. For low density discharges, the conditionally averaged waveform of the floating potential associated with large amplitude bursts at the divertor probes has a dipolar shape. In detached divertor conditions the average waveform is random, indicating electrical disconnection of blobs from the sheaths at the divertor targets.Comment: 45 pages, 20 figure

A noble task: Testing an operational model of clergy occupational health

In many ways, clergy and religious leaders are an ignored yet high-risk population. In their efforts to ensure the spiritual well-being of their congregations, clergy frequently neglect their own well-being, resulting in stress and burnout, which then can lead to impaired health. This neglect often extends to clergy’s family and congregation. Church members typically seek help from clergy to cope with the loss of loved ones, life crises, and other general life stressors. A clergy member unable to cope with these same challenges in his or her own life may be ineffective at helping church members to cope with their stress. Recent theory applications and measure development efforts in this research space have led to several studies of specific occupational hazards or challenges faced by clergy. These challenges include high job demands, congregational criticism, and isolation; restoration following moral failures (e.g., alcohol abuse, adultery); and resolving conflict among congregation members . Furthermore, a holistic model of clergy health functioning has been proposed, which includes specific occupational challenges and their detrimental effects on clergy health. Unfortunately, the constructs in this model are more theoretical than operational. While such a model is useful for conceptualizing the factors that influence clergy health, an operational model of clergy holistic health is still needed to empirically test the effects of occupational demands, and personal and job-related resources on the health of clergy. The purpose of the present study, therefore, is to develop and test such a model. The ultimate goal of this research is to offer a model and methodological approach that can be useful to those interested in better identifying and addressing the health and well-being needs of clergy so that they may thrive in their roles to the betterment of their families and congregations

Relationship between frequency power spectra and intermittent, large-amplitude bursts in the Alcator C-Mod scrape-off layer

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Theodorsen, A., Garcia, O.E., Kube, R., LaBombard, B. & Terry, J.L. (2017). Relationship between frequency power spectra and intermittent, large-amplitude bursts in the Alcator C-Mod scrape-off layer. Nuclear Fusion, 57(114004). https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa7e4c, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa7e4c.Fluctuations in the boundary region of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak have been analyzed using gas puff imaging data from a set of Ohmically heated plasma density scan experiments. It is found that the relative fluctuation amplitudes are modest and close to normally distributed at the separatrix but become increasingly larger and skewed towards the main chamber wall. The frequency power spectra are nevertheless similar for all radial positions and line-averaged densities. Predictions of a stochastic model, describing the plasma fluctuations as a super-position of uncorrelated pulses, are shown to be in excellent agreement with the measurements. This implies that the pulse duration is the same, while the degree of pulse overlap decreases radially outwards in the scrape-off layer. The universal frequency power spectral density is thus determined by the shape and duration of the large-amplitude bursts associated with blob-like structures. The model also describes the rate of threshold level crossings, for which the exponential tails underline the intermittency of the fluctuations in the far scarpe-off layer

Campus Vol III N 3

Olwin, Lynn. The Vacuum. Prose. 2. Gilbert, Ralph and Terry Thurn. Backstage With Home of The Brave . Prose. 4. Marshall, Jim. Boy Meets Laundromat . Prose. 6. Cooperrider, Tom. From One Room . Prose. 7. Thurn, Terry. Evaluation of a Blind Date . Picture. 8. Wishard, Rod. The Case Presented . Prose. 10. Horyn, Gene. Tug of War With Time Clocks . Prose. 11. Gould, James and Jack Matthews. Cigarettes and Coke and Wild, Wild Coeds . Prose. 13

Reference to the index of the Marshall and Terry Family Papers.

George Marshall (1791-1881), originally of Ruthven, near Dundee, Scotland, arrived in Van Diemen's Land in 1821, and with his family settled near Sorell. His farm accounts, 1872-1883, have been preserved, together with the will of his son, David Marshall (1919) and miscellaneous notes on family history made by his grandson. One of his grandsons, Gearge Douglas Marshall, married Beatrice Terry, grandaughter of Ralph Terry (1815-1892) of Lachlan Mills, New Norfolk, so some papers of the Terry family are included. Ralph Terry came to Australia as a child early in 1819, with his father, John Terry (1771-1844) who had been a miller in Yorkshire, England. Terry purchased a windmill in Sydney but gave it up when he found he could only have a 21 year lease. The family moved to V.D.L. where, as John Terry said, there were plenty of waterfalls and a need for mills, and was granted land at New Norfolk

Oncolog, Volume 37, Issue 02, April-June 1992

The primacy of patient welfare Potential doubling time of tumors may be the key to accurate prognosis, appropriate treatment Cognitive deficits in survivors of childhood cancershttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/oncolog/1038/thumbnail.jp