Florida Charter Schools: Hot and Humid with Passing Storms

This report examines the history of Florida's charter school initiative, results to date, and areas where the state can improve

Further studies - heat transfer coefficients for liquids in forced convection normal to banks of staggered tubes

The problem for these experiments may be divided into two sections. The first section of the problem consists of setting up procedure for duplicating data. The second section is that of studying and explaining characteristics of the resulting curves. Correlation of the data obtained will be necessary in order to obtain the curves. In order that the first section of the problem could be solved it was necessary to establish a standard of cleanliness for the apparatus used. Establishment of procedures for the operations and cleaning of the apparatus was necessary. Before Kenneth E. Rudert began his design and construction of the apparatus for these experiments he made a literature survey on this particular phase of heat exchange. Work notes from this search were available at the beginning of this problem. Further search of the literature failed to reveal any data not already considered. At the time the original literature survey was made for this problem there was very little pertinent data recorded --Introduction, page [1]

Characterizing electric scooter riding behavior to detect unsafe and non-compliant use

The growing popularity of electric scooters has resulted in surfacing individual and public safety concerns associated with riding them. Many of these safety issues are associated with unsafe riding behaviors. While the terms of the riding agreements of scooter companies explicitly prohibit potentially unsafe riding behaviors, automatic and dynamic detection of unsafe riding is not easily possible simply from the location and speed data typically collected by the scooters. This disclosure proposes fitting an electric scooter with a weight-detecting mechanism that allows dynamic determination of riding behavior that indicates unsafe and/or impermissible use. Pattern recognition and/or machine learning is applied to process aggregated weight measurements to identify riding patterns in different riding positions and situations. The scooter provider can then take appropriate action to deter unsafe or non-compliant riding, thus incentivizing safe and responsible riding habits and improving street safety

Simulation of contaminates around the solid immersion lens in a near-field optical recording system

Accurate predictions of contamination in next-generation optical storage drives are paramount when active gap control is employed. In near-field recording devices, the read/write interface can be on the order of 20-30 nm, which means that the gap could be quite susceptible to contamination. Predictive modeling approaches for studying the behavior of contaminates in nanoscale hydrodynamic interfaces are needed. Here, we present such a model. The interface consists of a flat disk surface translating under a solid immersion lens (SIL) of hemispherical geometry. We present the computational modeling simulation results for nano-scale contaminates around the near-field SIL. The simulation shows that the discrete contaminates actually circumnavigate the SIL/disk interface during operation. We identify and discuss the external influences on the discrete contaminate particle behavior

Hydrodynamics of slurry flow in chemical mechanical polishing : a review

Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is a process that is commonly used to planarize wafer surfaces during fabrication. Although the complex interactions between the wafer, pad, and slurry make the CMP process difficult to predict, it has been postulated that the motion of the slurry fluid at the wafer-pad interface has an important effect on the wafer surface wear distribution. This paper thus serves as a review of past studies of the hydrodynamics of slurry flow during chemical mechanical polishing. The reviewed studies include theoretical and numerical models as well as experimental measurements