Entre tempos e suspiros. Histórias de emigração em Vieira do Minho

(Excerto) A temática da emigração tem recebido considerável atenção, nas últimas décadas, por parte de investigadores das ciências sociais (Baganha, 1994; Gonçalves e Gonçalves, 1991; Leandro, 2004; Monteiro, 1994; Peixoto, 2004, 2007; Pires, 2003; Ribeiro, 1986; Rocha-Trindade, 1976, 1982, 1985, 1993; Wall, 1984, entre outros). Tal atenção explica-se pelo facto de a mobilidade e a deslocação das populações se terem constituído como assuntos de importância maior, quando se trata de planeamento da sociedade e da definição de políticas públicas. As migrações e as mobilidades mudam de forma ao longo do tempo, adquirindo constantemente outros contornos. Definem-se por outros pressupostos, confrontam-se com outros dilemas e constrangimentos. Não obstante, trata-se inegavelmente de um fenómeno que implica populações, políticas e processos de desenvolvimento, assim como contextos culturais, interesses e motivações individuais. Implica, também, questões de identidade individual e nacional

Análisis del fenómeno del consumo de alcohol entre adolescentes: estudio realizado con adolescentes del 3º ciclo de escuelas públicas

This study aimed to evaluate the alcohol consumption phenomenon in public schools in Coimbra, Portugal (7th, 8th and 9th grades) for the implementation of a preventive program of alcohol use/abuse. This is a quantitative, descriptive and correlational study. The sample included 654 students (51.5% female) between 12 and 18 years of age. The Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire - Adolescent form (AEQ-A) and the Questionnaire of Knowledge on Alcohol were used for data collection. Results show that positive expectancy on alcohol is discriminative of consumption and occurrence of intoxication. Positive expectancy exists even before adolescents have significant experiences with alcohol consumption and increases with age, which reinforces the need for early preventive effort. These results permitted to improve the prevention program included in the school curriculum of the 7th grade students.Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el fenómeno del consumo de alcohol en las escuelas públicas de la ciudad de Coimbra (7º,8º y 9º) para implementar, en la práctica, un programa de prevención del uso/abuso del consumo alcohólico excesivo. Es un estudio del tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo y de correlación. La muestra incluyó 654 estudiantes (51.5% del sexo femenino), con edades entre 12 y 18 años. El Cuestionario de Expectativas referentes al Alcohol de estudiantes - Formato Adolescentes (CEA-A) y el cuestionario del conocimiento referente al alcohol fueron utilizados para obtener los datos. Los resultados demostraron que las expectativas positivas referentes al alcohol hacen una diferencia entre el consumo de alcohol y la ocurrencia de la embriaguez; inclusive, esta discriminación existe entre los adolescentes antes de tener experiencias significativas con el consumo de alcohol y aumentan con la edad. Reforzando la necesidad de desarrollar precozmente esfuerzos preventivos. Estos resultados permitieron el perfeccionamiento del programa de prevención que fue integrado al plan de estudios de la escuela de los estudiantes del 7º año.Este estudo teve como objectivo a avaliação do fenómeno do consumo de álcool em escolas públicas da cidade de Coimbra (7º, 8º e 9º) para a implementação de um programa de prevenção de uso/abuso de álcool. É um estudo do tipo quantitativo descritivo-correlacional. A amostra incluiu 654 estudantes (51,5% do sexo feminino), com idades compreendidas entre 12 e 18 anos. Utilizou-se para a colheita de dados o Questionário de Expectativas acerca do Álcool - Formato Adolescentes (AEQ-A) e o Questionário de Conhecimentos acerca do Álcool. Os resultados mostraram que as expectativas positivas acerca do álcool são discriminativas do consumo e da ocorrência de embriaguez. Essas existem nos adolescentes mesmo antes de experiências significativas com o consumo de álcool, e aumentam com a idade. Reforçando a necessidade de os esforços preventivos terem que ser desenvolvidos precocemente. Esses resultados permitiram o refinamento do programa de prevenção que foi integrado ao curriculum escolar dos estudantes do 7º ano

Evaluation of antifungal susceptibility in clinical isolates of the Candida glabrata complex

Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

How are “farmers” adapting in Southern Portugal? Assessing land management typologies in a transition theory perspective.

European rural landscapes face today several changes due to market liberalization, price instability, energetic crisis, food quality and security, etc. Rural landscapes in the Mediterranean peripheric region of Alentejo (Southern Portugal) mainly managed under extensive farming systems are especially vulnerable to this global scenario, as farms traditionally base their income on production functions, unable to be competitive in this world market with the commodities they provide. These landscapes face severe threats of simplification and abandonment. But because of their extensive character and specific features, these landscapes maintain environmental and cultural values progressively demanded by society for non-commodity functions like leisure, nature conservation and identity. An increasing group of land managers (including full-time and part-time farmers, hobby farmers, business man or simply new residents) is emerging in these attractive areas giving expression to what some authors call the multifunctional transition bounded between a more productivist and more post-productivist management; or both, as they can overlap in time, space and structure. So, how are land managers adapting to society’s demand and global changes? How can land management in these peripheric landscapes better adapt to the new requirements and survive in a globalized environment? What are the local requirements for these new management strategies and forms to survive ?In this communication we intend to assess the different land management types identified in a protected area where the new functions related to the provision of public goods have already some expression, motivating land managers to adapt in different ways. The typology is anchored on the transition theory perspective and aims at identifying the possible innovative approaches for lands management in Mediterranean extensive landscapes. Propose

The landscape on an asset in Southern European fragile agriculture systems contrasts and contradiction in land managers attitudes and practices

Transition theories suggest that there is a spatial, temporal and structural co-existence of several processes of transition from productivism to post-productivism going on in rural areas in multiple combinations resulting in a more complex, contested, variable mix of production, consumption and protection goals. This is particularly true for South European landscapes dominated by extensive agro-silvo-pastoral systems. The fragile agricultural sector is in some cases just entering the productivist phase, let alone moving towards post-productivism both in terms of discourse and management practices. At the same time, these are landscapes increasingly valued by society, and this demand should encourage new strategies for farm survival and new ways of managing the land. But such new strategies require a paradigm shift, not only in policy goals and formulation, but also in farmers’ attitude towards their role and their management goals. In this paper, the question addressed is how the land managers within this system, facing multiple transition options, are choosing different management paradigms, in the complex range between productivism and post-productivism. Based on a farm survey in southern Portugal, a typology of land managers is produced, aiming to grasp the combination between their management practices in the farm and their expressed attitudes towards farm management and the role of their farm in the landscape. Results reveal some inconsistencies between land managers’ intentions and their landscape outcomes, in an opposite sense to what has been earlier identified in Northwestern Europe. Even if they manage a multifunctional system, their self-concept is dominantly productivist and not affected by the public expectations of multifunctionality. This tension may reflect contradictions in the policy framework and, at the same time, raises challenges which the existing policy mechanisms do not consider

Brief interventions for reducing alcohol consumption in users of a family health unit: Intervenções breves na redução do consumo de álcool em utentes de uma unidade de saúde familiar

Enquadramento: As intervenções breves (IBs) têm como objetivo primordial a deteção de consumo de risco e nocivo de bebidas alcoólicas e motivar o indivíduo a modificar comportamentos. Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito das IBs na redução do consumo de álcool em utentes de uma unidade de saúde familiar (USF). Metodologia: Estudo pré-experimental, avaliação antes e após intervenção (5 meses) de 45 utentes (grupo único). Utilizou-se o Alcohol Use Desorder Identification Test (AUDIT). As IBs foram desenvolvidas por enfermeiros. Resultados: Na avaliação inicial, 88,6% dos utentes encontravam-se no nível de risco I; 11,4 % no nível de risco II. No seguimento, 5 meses após as IBs, 97,7 % encontravam-se no nível de risco I, 2,3% no nível de risco II. Conclusão: As IBs tiveram efeito na diminuição e estabilização dos níveis de risco de consumo de álcool, reforçando a importância da sua aplicação nos cuidados de saúde primários.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Histórias de emigração em Vieira do Minho : as motivações de saída e o regresso

Dissertação de mestrado em Sociologia (área de especialização em Desenvolvimento e Políticas Sociais)Esta tese apresenta os resultados de uma investigação realizada em Vieira do Minho, em Portugal. O estudo versa sobre o fenómeno migratório neste concelho, abrangendo, especificamente, a população emigrada nos anos sessenta e setenta e já regressada ao concelho. A partir de investigações realizadas sobre o mesmo assunto e sobre populações com características semelhantes, este estudo mostra as principais motivações que levaram esta população a sair, assim como as principais que a mesma faz do seu regresso a Portugal e ao mesmo concelho de origem. O estudo foi desenvolvido com base em entrevistas realizadas aos ex-emigrantes, assim como pesquisa documental sobre os indicadores de emigração. Os diversos paradigmas teóricos existentes a partir dos quais se pretende explicar os fenómenos emigratórios mostram a complexidade envolvida na decisão de emigrar e de sair dos países de origem. Na investigação que efetuámos ficam evidentes algumas dimensões já consideradas noutros estudos, nomeadamente o fato de serem as motivações económicas, isto é, a falta de condições de vida, que maior importância têm na decisão de saída de Portugal. Para a maior parte dos emigrantes entrevistados, portanto, a emigração surge como uma necessidade imposta, e não como um desejo. Embora fiquem evidentes os condicionamentos políticos das saídas, particularmente dos homens, derivados do fato de estes estarem em geral, em idade de cumprir o serviço militar (e participar na guerra do ultramar), a falta de condições de vida, em simultâneo com o conhecimento de que lá fora havia a possibilidade de viver melhor, constituíram, sem dúvida, a base do projeto de emigração destas famílias.This thesis presents the results of an investigation in Vieira do Minho, Portugal. The study deals with the phenomenon of migration in this county. It addresses the immigrant population in the sixties and seventies and also people that has already returned to the county. Grounded on investigations on the same subject as well as on populations with similar characteristics, this study shows the major motivations for this population to leave, as well as key motivations they present for having returned to Portugal and to the same county of origin. The study was based on interviews with ex migrants, as well as documentary research on indicators of emigration. The various existing theoretical paradigms which explain the emigration phenomena show the complexity involved in the decision to emigrate and to leave the countries of origin. The carried out research shows the relevance of some dimensions already considered in other studies, including the importance of economic reasons. For most respondents emigration was an imposed necessity, despite the relevance that political constraints had also acquired. The results show that returning to Portugal, despite being already present in the moment when they left was differently experienced by man and women, since these consider they had lived better in countries of emigration, than in Portugal

The fuzziness of Montado landscapes: progress in assessing user preferences through photo-based surveys

The European Landscape Convention (2000) states that landscape is an important contributor to the quality of life for people everywhere and that landscape is a complex of natural and cultural factors, as they are seen by the observer. Landscape preference, i.e. the degree to which people like a landscape and variations in the same type of landscape pattern, is an emerging field of knowledge, still under development. Moreover, knowing how preferences of rural landscapes differ among stakeholders can help define and support management responses to the changing demands of modern society. There is a need to understand this demand for new uses and activities, such as hunting, leisure, recreation, life quality support, and aesthetic appreciation. In Mediterranean extensive land use systems, such as the Montado, where agricultural production is under threat, but where the demand for amenity functions is increasing, assessing preferences and thus what the public is looking for, is particularly relevant. This papers demonstrates how photo based surveys can be an suitable tool for assessing landscape preferences in Montado landscapes, and also that, in order to cope with the underlying fuzziness of these landscapes, the images need to be edited (manipulated) so that the variations shown to respondents are adequately controlled in the study. The methodological approach as well as the results, of two different studies on the users preferences for Montado landscapes, applied to case-study areas in the region of Alentejo, Portugal, are presented. The issues concerned with photo manipulation are a particular focus of discussion

Leyendas del Albaicín: un proyecto educativo sobre Patrimonio Cultural para niños de Educación Infantil

Este proyecto tiene como propósito acercar el Patrimonio Cultural al alumnado de la etapa de Educación Infantil. Más concretamente el Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial, refiriéndonos a las leyendas y mitos de su entorno más cercano. Para ello, se escogerá el emblemático barrio del Albaicín, debido a las grandes oportunidades educativas que ofrece y por su rica variedad cultural. Este trabajo irá dirigido a los alumnos y a las alumnas del segundo ciclo de Infantil, en concreto al tercer curso del mismo. Se elegirá el trabajo por proyectos, ya que nos ofrece la oportunidad de utilizar una metodología lúdica, flexible y motivadora. Para ello, realizaremos una serie de actividades y un cuento ilustrado. Con lo que trabajaremos los distintos contenidos establecidos.Universidad de Granada. Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación. Grado en Educación Infanti