Differences in body image perception, eating behavior and nutritional status of college students of health and human sciences

INTRODUÇÃO: A literatura refere uma maior prevalência de transtornos alimentares em acadêmicas de cursos universitários nos quais a aparência física é importante, entre eles Educação Física e Nutrição. Supõe-se que pessoas preocupadas com seu peso e imagem corporal optem por essas áreas por terem um interesse pessoal pelo tema. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a percepção da imagem corporal, o comportamento alimentar e o estado nutricional de estudantes de cursos das áreas da saúde e humanas para comparação entre estas. MÉTODO: Aplicou-se o Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) e o Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) em 127 alunas do primeiro ano dos cursos de Nutrição e Educação Física (Saúde) e de Publicidade e Propaganda e Administração de Empresas (Humanas) que forneceram dados de peso e altura para cálculo do índice de massa corporal. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se uma grande prevalência de distorção da imagem em todos os grupos, sem diferença entre as áreas ou entre os cursos. O EAT-26 indicou maiores escores nas estudantes da saúde em relação às de humanas, com alunas de Nutrição apresentando as maiores pontuações, estatisticamente diferentes das encontradas nos cursos de Publicidade e Administração, mas não de Educação Física. Além disso, a maioria das alunas foi classificada como eutrófica, e não se encontraram mulheres com obesidade em nenhum dos cursos, não havendo diferença significativa entre áreas ou cursos para esta variável. DISCUSSÃO: A alta incidência de distorção da imagem corporal associada à grande prevalência de comportamento alimentar inadequado nas alunas da área da saúde demonstra uma possível susceptibilidade ao desenvolvimento de transtornos alimentares.INTRODUCTION: The literature reports a higher prevalence of eating disorders among undergraduate students whose majors value physical appearance, including Physical Education and Nutrition. It is possible to assume that people concerned about their weight and body image may choose to take these majors because they are personally interested in the topic. The objective of this study was to assess the body image perception, eating behavior, and nutritional status of students of health and human sciences and to compare these data. METHOD: The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) were administered to 127 first-year students of Nutrition and Physical Education (health sciences) and Advertising and Business Administration (human sciences) who also provided information on weight and height for calculation of their body mass index. RESULTS: We found a high prevalence of body image distortion in all groups, with no difference between areas or majors. The EAT-26 indicated higher scores in students of health than in those who studied human sciences, with the students majoring in Nutrition showing the highest scores, with statistical difference from the scores found in Advertising and Business Administration, but not in Physical Education. In addition, most students were classified as eutrophic and there were not obese individuals in any of the majors, with no significant difference between areas or majors for this variable. DISCUSSION: The high incidence of body image distortion associated with high prevalence of inappropriate eating behavior in students of health shows a possible susceptibility to the development of eating disorders

The impact of imprisonment on individuals’ mental health and society reintegration: study protocol

Background Prison sentences are a particular type of penalty that aim to reintegrate individuals into society. Nonetheless, research suggests that prison sentences have a null or a criminogenic effect on recidivism and a critical impact on inmates’ mental health, negatively interfering with their successful reintegration into society and recidivism. Prevalence rates of mental health disorders among individuals who commit crimes are high, but little is known about how incarceration perpetuates and/or worsens mental health symptoms. In the Portuguese context, no studies focused on understanding the impact of imprisonment on prisoners’ mental health. Thus, this project aims to understand incarceration’s mental health and well-being impact on male and female individuals convicted to prison, both while incarcerated and after release. Methods The study will follow a quantitative cross-sectional design of male and female individuals in prison and parole, aiming to assess different samples at different moments of the prison sentence. It will also follow a longitudinal design in a subsample of male and female individuals sentenced to prison and on parole who will be followed for one year. Discussion This study intends to have a meaningful impact on the understanding of imprisonment effects, giving important clues for developing and implementing evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies to address prisoners’ and ex-prisoners’ mental health and improve their ability to successfully reintegrate into society and reduce recidivism.This work was funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology – FCT (Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education), under the grant UIDB/05380/2020

Sterilization of an Electronical Medical Device

Radiosterilization was applied to a medical device with a “programmable memory” to allow in vivo implantation. Irradiation on a Cobalt-60 facility at 25 kGy at a dose rate of 2kGy/h corrupted the memory. Therefore an alternative sterilization method using UV was developed and validated based on ISO 11737-1 and ISO 14937. These procedures may be useful and effective for research purposes when only a small number of items might be involved but applicability at an industrial scale is unlikely

Sterilization of an Electronic Medical Device

Radiosterilization was applied to a medical device with a “programmable memory” to allow in vivo implantation. Irradiation on a Cobalt-60 facility at 25 kGy at a dose rate of 2kGy/h corrupted the memory. Therefore an alternative sterilization method using UV was developed and validated based on ISO 11737-1 and ISO 14937. These procedures may be useful and effective for research purposes when only a small number of items might be involved but applicability at an industrial scale is unlikely

Communication preferences and perceptions of cancer patient during their first medical oncology appointment

© 2023 The Authors. Psycho-Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Background: The first medical oncology appointment serves as a platform for patients to comprehend their diagnosis and prognostic implications of cancer. This study aimed to determine patients' communication preferences during their first medical oncology appointment and to assess the disparities between patients' preferences and perceptions. Methods: A total of 169 cancer patients participated by completing the Communication in First Medical Oncology Appointment Questionnaire (C-FAQ), a two-section questionnaire designed to assess patients' preferences and perceptions regarding Content (information provided and its extent), Facilitation (timing and location of information delivery), and Support (emotional support) during their first medical oncology appointment. A comparative analysis was conducted to assess the variations between preferences and perceptions. Results: Content emerged as the most significant dimension compared to Facilitation and Support. The physician's knowledge, honesty, and ability to provide clear information were considered the most important attributes. Patients evaluated most of their preferences as "very important". Patients' perception of the communication dimensions present during their appointment was below preferences for 11 items, indicating significant discrepancies in clinical practice. Conclusions: Patients highly valued their preferences concerning Content, Facilitation, and Support dimensions of communication. However, patient preferences were more prominently oriented towards the Content dimension. The discrepancies between preferences and perceptions should be viewed as an opportunity for enhancing communication skills through training.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

EXPERIÊNCIAS VIVENCIADAS PELA MULHER NO MOMENTO DO PARTO E NASCIMENTO DE SEU FILHO

The childbirth is a phenomenon of great social, cultural and instinctive meaning, in which the parturientwoman lives the most intense feelings, independent of her parturition. Objective: to know the feelings of the puerperalwomen concerning the experience of the childbirth and her son’s birth. Methodology: This study has a qualitativeapproach, and it was accomplished in the rooming-in sector of of a University Hospital Maternity in Rio Grande do SulState - Brazil. We used a semi-structured interview for data collection. Results: Women revealed that the satisfaction wasunanimous regarding the childbirth and the experience of their children’s birth for several reasons, as the control andvictory over pain and the encounter with the baby. Conclusion: Women that received information in relation to thechildbirth and that got ready for it remained calm and safe, being protagonists of their childbirth, living it fully.Este estudio de abordaje cualitativa realizado en el alojamiento conjunto de la maternidad de un hospitaldocente de Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil. Objetivo: conocer los sentimientos de la mujer parturienta acerca de la experienciadel parto y nacimiento de su hijo. Utilizamos para la colecta de datos la entrevista semiestructurada. La satisfacción fueunánime con respecto al parto y a la experiencia del nacimiento de los hijos, por motivos como el control y superación deldolor, y el encuentro con el niño. Concluimos que las mujeres, que recibieron informaciones en relación al parto y que siprepararon para el mismo permanecieron tranquilas y seguras, siendo de esa manera protagonistas de su parto, viviéndoloplenamente.Este estudo de abordagem qualitativa realizado no alojamento conjunto da maternidade de um hospital deensino do Rio Grande do Sul-Brasil. Objetivo: conhecer os sentimentos da mulher puérpera acerca da experiência do partoe nascimento de seu filho. Utilizamos para coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada. A satisfação foi unânime comrelação ao parto e à experiência do nascimento dos filhos, por motivos como o controle e superação da dor e o encontrocom o filho. Concluímos que as mulheres que receberam informações em relação ao parto e que se prepararam para elepermaneceram tranquilas e seguras, sendo dessa maneira protagonistas de seu parto, vivenciando-o plenamente

Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of a Mouthwash Containing Propolis for the Control of Plaque and Gingivitis: A Phase II Study

The aim of this study was to evidence the clinical efficacy of an alcohol-free mouthwash containing 5.0% (W/V) Brazilian green propolis (MGP 5%) for the control of plaque and gingivitis. Twenty five subjects, men and women aging between 18 and 60 years old (35 ± 9), were included in a clinical trials phase II study who had a minimum of 20 sound natural teeth, a mean plaque index of at least 1.5 (PI), and a mean gingival index of at least 1.0 (GI). They were instructed to rinse with 10 mL of mouthwash test for 1 minute, immediately after brushing in the morning and at night. After 45 and 90 days using mouthwash, the results showed a significant reduction in plaque and in gingival index when compared to samples obtained in baseline. These reductions were at 24% and 40%, respectively (P < .5). There were no important side effects in soft and hard tissues of the mouth. In this study, the MGP 5% showed evidence of its efficacy in reducing PI and GI. However, it is necessary to perform a clinical trial, double-blind, randomized to validate such effectiveness

Clinical Evidence of the Efficacy of a Mouthwash Containing Propolis for the Control of Plaque and Gingivitis: A Phase II Study

The aim of this study was to evidence the clinical efficacy of an alcohol-free mouthwash containing 5.0% (W/V) Brazilian green propolis (MGP 5%) for the control of plaque and gingivitis. Twenty five subjects, men and women aging between 18 and 60 years old (35 ± 9), were included in a clinical trials phase II study who had a minimum of 20 sound natural teeth, a mean plaque index of at least 1.5 (PI), and a mean gingival index of at least 1.0 (GI). They were instructed to rinse with 10 mL of mouthwash test for 1 minute, immediately after brushing in the morning and at night. After 45 and 90 days using mouthwash, the results showed a significant reduction in plaque and in gingival index when compared to samples obtained in baseline. These reductions were at 24% and 40%, respectively (P &lt; .5). There were no important side effects in soft and hard tissues of the mouth. In this study, the MGP 5% showed evidence of its efficacy in reducing PI and GI. However, it is necessary to perform a clinical trial, double-blind, randomized to validate such effectiveness

Redes sociais de apoio à paternidade na adolescência: um estudo multicêntrico

It describes a multicentric study conducted in three cities of different Brazilian states that seek to know the networks support to paternity in adolescence. It consists of two sub-studies: a quantitative and a qualitative, that respectivelysought to identify the profile of adolescent mothers and to investigate the support networks for adolescent fathers. The quantitative sample consists of 559 adolescent mothers and the population of the qualitative study was on 74 teenage parents. Data collection was supported in the quantitative study by structured interviews with all mothers that were giving birth in hospitals participating in the period from 2008 to 2009, and in the qualitative one were performed semistructured interviews, development of the genogram and eco-map to teenage parents. The data are still under review process. However, the results presented to date in the form of articles, dissertations, final works for graduations, oral communications and posters highlights the need for public policies directed at adolescents to help that they can do a more conscious and autonomous choice in relation to motherhood and fatherhood.Descriptors: paternity; adolescent; family; social support; health care