Stomatological disorders in older people : an epidemiological study in the brazil southern

The aim of this retrospective, cross-sectional and observational study was to perform a survey of the stomatological conditions of elderly patients seen in a period of 40 years at a Stomatology Service in Southern Brazil. A total of 24,347 medical records were reviewed, of which 5,063 belonged to elderly patients aged 60 to 97 years. The stomatological conditions, systemic conditions, and smoking and alcohol drinking habits as well were recorded. The mean age of the patients was 69.29 years, 67.1% were female and 32.9% were male. Variations of normality accounted for 44.5% of the cases. The most prevalent disorders were fungal infections (26.1%), reactive inflammatory lesions (24.6%), burning mouth syndrome (14.9%), benign neoplasms (12.4%), autoimmune disorders (12.3%), premalignant lesions (10.2%) and malignant epithelial neoplasms (7.2%). Regarding biopsied lesions, squamous cell carcinoma was the most prevalent at 30.2%, followed by hyperplasic lesions (28.2%). Knowledge of these physiological and pathological conditions in the oral cavity of the older people is essential for early diagnosis and preventive and therapeutic measures when necessary

Erythromycin:an alternative for the management of oral mucositis?

Oral mucositis (OM) is an important acute adverse effect of anticancer therapy. This condition presents high morbidity and may lead to the suspension of anticancer therapy. We reviewed the literature on the pathobiology of OM and the properties of erythromycin (EM), to consider the possibility of its use for the prevention and treatment of OM. We searched the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases and selected complete articles published in English or Spanish that met the inclusion criteria. The search terms ?erythromycin?, ?inflammation?, ?immunomodulation? and ?oral mucositis? were used. The control of free radicals, transcription factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines has been considered as the key to the management of OM. EM has the ability to modulate oxidative stress, acts on the transcriptional system and inhibits the production of several cytokines that have been directly implicated in OM pathobiology. The present review suggests that EM could be effective in the treatment of OM. Experimental studies investigating the use of EM in OM should be encouraged

Oppositionality and sympathetic skin response in adolescents : specific associations with the headstrong/hurtful dimension

Oppositionality encompasses distinct dimensions, and few studies have investigated the validity of such distinctions from a pathophysiological perspective. Our aim was to investigate the association between sympathetic skin responses (SSR) and distinct oppositional dimensions in a community sample of adolescents. Forty adolescents aged 13.84 ± 1.46 years participated in this study. Oppositionality was measured by externalizing behavior and bullying scores (dependent variables), while SSR was recorded by electrical changes at the skin level (independent variables). Results showed that increased SSRs were associated with oppositionality; however, these associations were specific to the headstrong/hurtful dimension. Further exploratory analyses demonstrated that increased SSRs were associated with several types of headstrong/hurtful behaviors and underscore the importance of the first aversive stimuli to differentiate groups with low and high headstrong/hurtful behaviors. There were no differences between groups regarding time until habituation. This study provides insights about how dysfunctions in autonomic balance may contribute to the emergence of oppositional behavior among adolescents

Tabagismo: sensibilizando acadêmicos e usuários da rede pública de saúde

Durante o internato do Curso de Medicina, no âmbito da Atenção Primária, acadêmicos e preceptores foram sensibilizados pelo problema do tabagismo. Desenvolveram, por essa motivação, uma atividade na área adstrita da Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família (UBSF) Iracy Coelho em Campo Grande – MS, envolvendo o Centro de Referência e Assistência Social e a Escola Estadual da área. A programação teve por objetivo informar e sensibilizar a população sobre os riscos e malefícios causados pelo hábito de fumar e envolveu uma ação constante por meio da exposição de cartazes, disponibilização de caixa para descarte de cigarros e entrega de convites para a população comparecer na UBSF no Dia Mundial Sem Tabaco. Neste dia, promoveu-se apresentação de vídeo e caminhada por um túnel em forma de cigarro que ressaltavam os malefícios do tabagismo, além da realização do teste do nível de dependência a nicotina para os fumantes que o desejassem. Participaram da ação 144 moradores da área (59,7% do total de convidados), sendo 25 encaminhados ao serviço de tratamento do tabagismo. Concluiu-se que a proposta de trabalho foi inovadora, pois, mobilizou a equipe de saúde despertando seu papel como modelo junto à comunidade, a qual passou a conhecer a rede de apoio à cessação do tabagismo

Differentiating irritable mood and disruptive behavior in adults

Introduction: Irritability has both mood and behavioral manifestations. These frequently co-occur, and it is unclear to what extent they are dissociable domains. We used confirmatory factor analysis and external validators to investigate the independence of mood and behavioral components of irritability. Methods: The sample comprised 246 patients (mean age 45 years; 63% female) from four outpatient programs (depression, anxiety, bipolar, and schizophrenia) at a tertiary hospital. A clinical instrument rated by trained clinicians was specifically designed to capture irritable mood and disruptive behavior dimensionally, as well as current categorical diagnoses i.e., intermittent explosive disorder (IED); oppositional defiant disorder (ODD); and an adaptation to diagnose disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) in adults. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the best fitting irritability models and regression analyses were used to investigate associations with external validators. Results: Irritable mood and disruptive behavior were both frequent, but diagnoses of disruptive syndromes were rare (IED, 8%; ODD, 2%; DMDD, 2%). A correlated model with two dimensions, and a bifactor model with one general dimension and two specific dimensions (mood and behavior) both had good fit indices. The correlated model had root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.077, with 90% confidence interval (90%CI) = 0.071-0.083; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.99; and Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.99, while the bifactor model had RMSEA = 0.041; CFI = 0.99; and TLI = 0.99 respectively). In the bifactor model, external validity for differentiation of the mood and behavioral components of irritability was also supported by associations between irritable mood and impairment and clinical measures of depression and mania, which were not associated with disruptive behavior. Conclusions: Psychometric and external validity data suggest both overlapping and specific features of the mood vs. disruptive behavior dimensions of irritability

Leiomiossarcoma primário de mama em jovem de 19 anos

O presente trabalho descreve a evolução, manejo cirúrgico, clínico e diagnóstico anatomopatológico de rara apresentação de Leiomiossarcoma de alto grau primário de mama em mulher de 19 anos. Os leiomiossarcomas primários da mama são raros, respondendo por menos de 1% de todas as neoplasias mamárias. A maioria dos pacientes é afetada durante a idade adulta (na quarta a sexta décadas de vida). Leiomiossarcomas que surgem no parênquima profundo são raros, e a maioria dos casos relatados foi em pacientes do sexo feminino. &nbsp