DOES TRUNK ENDURANCE AND HIP STRENGTH RELATE TO LOWER EXTREMITY ASYMMETRY IN ADOLESCENT LONG-DISTANCE RUNNERS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of maturation on the relationship between joint asymmetry and side-to-side hip strength differences in adolescent runners. Uninjured adolescent runners (n = 63) were recruited for the study. Participants completed hip strength and three-dimensional testing and were stratified by maturity level. Results demonstrate inconclusive results of the effect of maturation on the relationship between side-to-side joint asymmetry and hip strength differences. This lack of clarity highlights the need for prospective study on running patterns in maturing adolescent runners

Running shoes, pronation, and injuries: do beliefs of injury risk factors among running shoe salespersons and physiotherapy students align with current aetiology frameworks?

Current frameworks on running-related injury (RRI) aetiology emphasise the relation between exposure to training load, internal tissue loads, and tissue capacity; with tissue load exceeding its capacity being the key biological mechanism in the development of RRI. Despite this, runners and clinicians commonly attribute improper prescription of running shoes as a primary causative factor for RRI. A likely contributor to this belief may be the marketing produced by the footwear industry, which often is not supported by scientific evidence. The purpose of this study was to examine the beliefs of running shoe salespersons and physiotherapy students regarding the influence of running shoes and foot pronation on RRI. A questionnaire was distributed to 275 physiotherapy students at three different Swedish universities and to 219 running shoe salespersons of 35 different running shoe stores. A total of 270 students and 89 salespersons responded to the questionnaire. Salespersons rated their knowledge of running shoes (r = −0.56), foot pronation (r = −0.55) and RRI (r = −0.34) higher than students did (p \u3c.001). A minority of students (32.4%) and salespersons (14.1%) reported training errors to be the main contributing cause of RRI. A majority of salespersons (52.5%), but not students (15.3%), reported more expensive shoes to be better at preventing RRI than cheaper shoes. Most salespersons (51.9%), but not students (39.0%), would recommend uninjured runners to change their current running shoe type despite runners being satisfied with their current shoes. Despite salespersons being more confident in their knowledge of running shoes and foot pronation with relation to RRI development than students, both populations hold beliefs that do not align well with current frameworks on RRI aetiology

Cadence In Youth Long-Distance Runners Is Predicted By Leg Length and Running Speed

Background: Lower cadence has been previously associated with injury in long-distance runners. Variations in cadence may be related to experience, speed, and anthropometric variables. It is unknown what factors, if any, predict cadence in healthy youth long-distance runners. Research question: Are demographic, anthropometric and/or biomechanical variables able to predict cadence in healthy youth long-distance runners. Methods: A cohort of 138 uninjured youth long-distance runners (M = 62, F = 76; Mean ± SD; age = 13.7 ± 2.7; mass = 47.9 ± 13.6 kg; height = 157.9 ± 14.5 cm; running volume = 19.2 ± 20.6 km/wk; running experience: males = 3.5 ± 2.1 yrs, females = 3.3 ± 2.0 yrs) were recruited for the study. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models were developed for total sample and for each sex independently that only included variables that were significantly correlated to self-selected cadence. A variance inflation factor (VIF) assessed multicollinearity of variables. If VIF≥ 5, variable(s) were removed and the MLR analysis was conducted again. Results: For all models, VIF was \u3e 5 between speed and normalized stride length, therefore we removed normalized stride length from all models. Only leg length and speed were significantly correlated (p \u3c .001) with cadence in the regression models for total sample (R2 = 51.9 %) and females (R2 = 48.2 %). The regression model for all participants was Cadence = −1.251 *Leg Length + 3.665 *Speed + 254.858. The regression model for females was Cadence = −1.190 *Leg Length + 3.705 *Speed + 249.688. For males, leg length, cadence, and running experience were significantly predictive (p \u3c .001) of cadence in the model (R2 = 54.7 %). The regression model for males was Cadence = −1.268 *Leg Length + 3.471 *Speed – 1.087 *Running Experience + 261.378. Significance: Approximately 50 % of the variance in cadence was explained by the individual’s leg length and running speed. Shorter leg lengths and faster running speeds were associated with higher cadence. For males, fewer years of running experience was associated with a higher cadence

Oxidative stress in COPD.

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