A general consideration of inductive Bible study

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ecommonsatsdissertations/1998/thumbnail.jp

Brønsted Acid-Catalysed Dehydrative Substitution Reactions of Alcohols

The direct, catalytic dehydrative substitution of alcohols is a challenging, yet highly desirable process in the development of more sustainable approaches to organic chemistry. This review outlines recent advances in Brønsted acid-catalysed dehydrative substitution reactions for C-C, C-O, C-N and C-S bond formation. The wide range of processes that are now accessible using simple alcohols as the formal electrophile are highlighted, while current limitations and therefore possible future directions for research are also discussed

Uptake of heavy metals, organic trace contaminants and viruses by the Japanese oyster, Crassostrea gigas, grown in a waste recycling aquaculture system : final report

A study of 24 weeks duration was carried out in which oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were grown in four regimes. These were: (i) on phytoplankton cultured in a mixture of secondary treated sewage effluent and seawater for a period of 12 weeks followed by a second 12 week period of feeding on phytoplankton cultured in a "clean," inorganically enriched regime; (ii) as for (i) except that the secondary effluent was sand filtered prior to use; (iii) as for (ii) except that the effluent was charcoal filtered prior to use; and (iv) using "clean," inorganically enriched phytoplankton food for the 24 week duration. At intervals of two weeks, populations of oysters were removed for assay for trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) and organic contaminants (hydrocarbons, P . C.B.' s). No significant accumulation or depuration of any metal or organic contaminant was evident in any of the regimes. In terms of these contaminants all oysters are within acceptable edible standards as set by F.D.A. A series of experiments was carried out to examine the public health implications of enterovirus survival in a mollusc culture system fertilized with secondary treated sewage effluent. Using MS-2 bacteriophage and vaccine strain poliovirus it would appear that depuration could be effected in 20-25 days in C. gigas at l5°C. However this does NOT mean that such a time span would be adequate for other enteroviruses. Further work is required in this area.Supported by NOAA Office of Sea Grant, Department of Commerce, Grant No. 04-07-158-44104

Enantioselective NHC-catalyzed redox [4+2]-hetero-Diels-Alder reactions using α,β-unsaturated trichloromethyl ketones as amide equivalents

The authors thank the Royal Society for a University Research Fellowship (A.D.S.) and the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) ERC Grant Agreement No. 279850 (N.A. and J.E.T.).α,β-Unsaturated trichloromethyl ketones are suitable α,β-unsaturated amide and ester equivalents in N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed redox hetero-Diels-Alder reactions with azolium enolates generated from α-aroyloxyaldehydes. The initially formed syn-dihydropyranone products can be isolated, or can undergo ring-opening with benzylamine followed by aminolysis of the resulting CCl3 ketone to form a range of diamides with high diastereo- and enantioselectivity (up to >95:5 dr and >99% ee).PostprintPeer reviewe

Faculty Empowering Faculty: SoTL Leaders Catalyzing Institutional and Cultural Change

Faculty are increasingly interested in engaging in the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) across disciplines, necessitating educational development support. While many institutions utilize one-time workshops and faculty communities offering professional development funding, the case study presented in this article takes a different approach. The aim of the Engaged Teacher-Scholar (ETS) program is to support faculty growth in a process of becoming ETS leaders across the university campus. ETS leaders advance an individual SoTL research project and are trained to develop a plan for and offer professional development events to their department, college, and university related to SoTL. The article presents an overview of the program’s objectives, organization, and outcomes over four years of implementation. The article concludes with implications for implementation at other institutions

An examination of skill deterioration and retraining in the United States Navy

http://archive.org/details/examinationofski00taylLieutenant, United States NavyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Catalytic stereoselective [2,3]-rearrangement reactions

The authors thank the Royal Society for a University Research Fellowship (A.D.S.), the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-20013) ERC Grant Agreement No. 279850 (J.E.T., T.H.W., K.K.), and the European Union (Marie Curie ITN ‘SuBiCat’ PITN-GA-2013-607044) (S.S.M.S.) for financial support.[2,3]-Sigmatropic rearrangement processes of allylic ylides or their equivalents can be applied to a variety of different substrates and generate products of wide interest and applicability to organic synthesis. This review describes the development and applications of stereoselective [2,3]-rearrangement reactions in which a sub-stoichiometric amount of a catalyst is used in either the formation of the reactive intermediate or the [2,3]-rearrangement step itself.PostprintPeer reviewe

Can One-Run-Fixed-Arrhenius Kerogen Analysis Provide Comparable Organofacies Results to Detailed Palynological Analysis? A Case Study from a Prospective Mississippian Source Rock Reservoir (Bowland Shale, UK)

Organofacies analysis, a fundamental component within source rock appraisal based on the study of kerogen within a source rock, is typically produced from microscopy (palynological) and geochemical (kerogen kinetic) data, both of which are costly to acquire. One-Run-Fixed-Arrhenius (ORFA) kerogen kinetic analysis based on Rock–Eval pyrolysis offers a substantially cheaper kinetic dataset. Here, ORFA and palynological analyses are compared in organofacies characterization of a prospective Mississippian source rock reservoir (Bowland Shale, UK). Two-end-member organofacies were determined based on the abundance of the 56 kcal/mol activation energy peak derived from ORFA data: absence ( 15%) indicating ‘organofacies B’ containing the highest proportion of sporomorphs (Type II kerogen). A mud-dominated slope setting for the rock reservoir was also used to test the accuracy of organofacies analysis in determining depositional environment. Organofacies A found within lithofacies deposited from dilute waning density flows and hemipelagic suspension settling occurred between shelf edge, slope and basin. Organofacies B found within lithofacies deposited from dilute waning density flows, and low-strength cohesive debrites occurred only within the lower slope. This study demonstrates that ORFA kerogen kinetic analysis provides comparable net results to palynological analysis, enabling cheaper and faster organic characterization during initial source rock appraisal. However, caution must be exercised in drawing interpretations as to biological source(s), organic matter mixing and preservation state(s) without additional investigation using data from detailed palynological analysis

Protocol evaluating the effectiveness of a school-based group programme for parents of children at risk of ADHD: The 'PArents, Teachers and CHildren WORKing together (PATCHWORK)' cluster RCT protocol

Introduction Early intervention for childhood behavioural problems may help improve health and educational outcomes in affected children and reduce the likelihood of developing additional difficulties. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common childhood behavioural disorder, recommend a stepped care approach for the identification and management of these problems. Parents of children with high levels of hyperactivity and inattention may benefit from intervention programmes involving behavioural management and educational approaches. Such interventions may be further enhanced by providing training and feedback to teachers about the strategies discussed with parents. In relation to children with high levels of hyperactivity, impulsiveness and inattention, we aim to test the feasibility and effectiveness of a parenting programme (with and without an accompanying teacher session) in primary schools. Methods and analysis This clustered (at the level of school) randomised controlled trial (RCT) focuses on children in their first four school years (ages 4–8 years) in the East Midlands area of England. Parents will complete a screening measure, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, to identify children with high levels of hyperactivity/inattention. Three approaches to reducing hyperactivity and attention problems will be compared: a group programme for parents (parent-only intervention); group programme for parents combined with feedback to teachers (combined intervention); and waiting list control (no intervention). Differences between arms on the short version of Conners’ Parent and Teacher Rating Scales Revised will be compared and also used to inform the sample size required for a future definitive cluster RCT. A preliminary cost-effectiveness analysis will also be conducted. Ethics and dissemination The outcomes of this study will inform policy makers about the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of delivering targeted behavioural interventions within a school setting. The study has received ethical approval from the University of Nottingham Medical School Ethics Committee