Сравнение подходов к реализации образовательных программ по направлению "бизнес-информатика" в России и Германии

Business informatics is a relatively young academic discipline. During the last years several efforts have been made to compare the German discipline Wirtschaftsinformatik with the Anglo-American sister discipline information systems. However, these studies have mainly focused on research activities; they have not attempted to compare curricula in both disciplines. With the change of the political and economic system in the former Soviet Union and the introduction of courses of studies in business informatics in Russia it may be helpful to compare the German with the Russian approach to teaching business informatics. The objective of this paper is to compare bachelor studies in business informatics at selected universities in Russia and Germany. This paper contains the outline of the history of business informatics as a scientific discipline in Russia and Germany, a description of professional organizations, standards, and guidelines relevant for business informatics in both countries. Special attention is given to an overview of students studying business informatics, a description of time scales and grading scales and the structure of teaching plans in Russia and Germany. The paper contains the explanation of the method used to analyze and compare bachelor studies at ten German and ten Russian universities. Findings of the analysis concern details of bachelor studies in business informatics at German and Russian universities and highlight similarities and differences

Results of the COVID-19 mental health international for the general population (COMET-G) study.

INTRODUCTION: There are few published empirical data on the effects of COVID-19 on mental health, and until now, there is no large international study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, an online questionnaire gathered data from 55,589 participants from 40 countries (64.85% females aged 35.80 ± 13.61; 34.05% males aged 34.90±13.29 and 1.10% other aged 31.64±13.15). Distress and probable depression were identified with the use of a previously developed cut-off and algorithm respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analyses and Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tested relations among variables. RESULTS: Probable depression was detected in 17.80% and distress in 16.71%. A significant percentage reported a deterioration in mental state, family dynamics and everyday lifestyle. Persons with a history of mental disorders had higher rates of current depression (31.82% vs. 13.07%). At least half of participants were accepting (at least to a moderate degree) a non-bizarre conspiracy. The highest Relative Risk (RR) to develop depression was associated with history of Bipolar disorder and self-harm/attempts (RR = 5.88). Suicidality was not increased in persons without a history of any mental disorder. Based on these results a model was developed. CONCLUSIONS: The final model revealed multiple vulnerabilities and an interplay leading from simple anxiety to probable depression and suicidality through distress. This could be of practical utility since many of these factors are modifiable. Future research and interventions should specifically focus on them

Closed-Form Hyper-Rayleigh Mode Analysis of the Fluctuating Double-Rayleigh with Line-of-Sight Fading Channel

The research studies hyper-Rayleigh behavior of a wireless communication system functioning in the presence of the generalized multipath fading. Although the initial metric (hyper-Rayleigh mode (HRM)) is quite informative, it is defined only asymptotically (i.e., for the infinitely increasing SNR). In spite of mathematical simplifications brought by such a definition (i.e., in this case most of the performance characteristics defining the HRM can be easily evaluated), it sufficiently limits its applications since, evidently, the real-life systems function in the presence of a finite (and usually not very high) SNR. The study presents a novel approach to the fading channel analysis (i.e., finite signal-to-noise ratio hyper-Rayleigh mode (fHRM)). The proposed metric (fHRM) is studied on the newly presented channel model-fluctuating double-Rayleigh with Line-of-Sight (fdRLoS) fading model. To accomplish this, the novel expressions for two channel-dependent system characteristics (i.e., the Amount of Fading (AoF) and the Outage Probability (OP)) were derived in exact form valid for arbitrary fading parameters. Based on the derived expressions, the finite SNR hyper-Rayleigh map is obtained, which helps to identify the parameters’ values corresponding to the specific propagation scenarios, which were further deployed to analyze the problem of the communication link physical layer security quantified in terms of the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC). Numerical verification of the derived closed-form expressions was performed. Several peculiarities of the system performance are observed and discussed

Investigation of Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Lightweight Fe-35Mn-10Al-1C Steel

The deformation behavior of lightweight Fe-35Mn-10Al-1C steel with an elevated concentration of Mn was investigated. Hot compression tests at temperatures of 950–1150 °C and strain rates of 0.1–10 s−1 were carried out using the thermomechanical simulator, Gleeble 3800. Strain compensated constitutive model of hot deformation behavior with high accuracy (error was 4.6%) has shown significant increases in the effective activation energy (410–460 kJ/mol) in comparison with low Mn steels. The significant influence of the strain rate and temperature on the grain size was shown. The grain size decreases from the initial value of 42 ± 6 μm to the value of 3.5 ± 0.7 μm after the deformation at 1050 °C and 10 s−1. The model of the microstructure evolution of the investigated steel was constructed. The average error of the constructed model was 8.5%. The high accuracy of the constructed models allows for their application for the optimization of the hot deformation technologies using finite element simulation

United Approach to Modelling of the Hot Deformation Behavior, Fracture, and Microstructure Evolution of Austenitic Stainless AISI 316Ti Steel

Hot deformation is one of the main technological stages of products made from metallic materials. It is strictly required to decrease the costs of developing optimized technologies at this stage without a significant decrease in the products’ quality. The present investigation offers an algorithm to unite three different models to predict the hot deformation behavior, fracture, and microstructure evolution. The hot compression and tension tests of the AISI 316Ti steel were conducted using the thermomechanical simulator Gleeble 3800 for the models’ construction. The strain-compensated constitutive model and the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK)-type model of the grain structure evolution show a satisfactory accuracy of 4.38% and 6.9%, respectively. The critical values of the modified Rice and Tracy fracture criteria were determined using the experimental values of the relative cross-section reduction and finite element calculation of the stress triaxiality. The developed models were approved for the stainless AISI 316Ti steel by the hot torsion with tension test

Investigation of Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Lightweight Fe-35Mn-10Al-1C Steel

The deformation behavior of lightweight Fe-35Mn-10Al-1C steel with an elevated concentration of Mn was investigated. Hot compression tests at temperatures of 950–1150 °C and strain rates of 0.1–10 s−1 were carried out using the thermomechanical simulator, Gleeble 3800. Strain compensated constitutive model of hot deformation behavior with high accuracy (error was 4.6%) has shown significant increases in the effective activation energy (410–460 kJ/mol) in comparison with low Mn steels. The significant influence of the strain rate and temperature on the grain size was shown. The grain size decreases from the initial value of 42 ± 6 μm to the value of 3.5 ± 0.7 μm after the deformation at 1050 °C and 10 s−1. The model of the microstructure evolution of the investigated steel was constructed. The average error of the constructed model was 8.5%. The high accuracy of the constructed models allows for their application for the optimization of the hot deformation technologies using finite element simulation

Imbalance in the blood antioxidant system in growth hormone-deficient children before and after 1 year of recombinant growth hormone therapy

The aim of our study was to examine the effects of 12-month therapy with recombinant growth hormone (rGH) on the blood antioxidant system in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of plasma was measured by FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power or ferric reducing ability of plasma); activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in erythrocytes were assessed; non-protein thiols (NT) and ceruloplasmin (CP) levels were also measured. These parameters were determined before and after 12 month of rGH treatment. Eleven treatment-naive prepubertal children with growth hormone deficiency were included in the study. Another 11 prepubertal children comprised a control group. Before rGH treatment, TAC of plasma and NT level in the control group were significantly lower (726 ± 196 vs. 525 ± 166 µmol/L, P = 0.0182 and 0.92 ± 0.18 vs. 0.70 ± 0.22 µmol/ml, P = 0.0319, before and after the therapy, respectively). The only parameter that significantly (19.6 ± 4.7 vs. 14.5 ± 3.4 Units/g Hb, P = 0.0396) exceeded the same in the control group after rGH therapy was SOD activity. However, none of the measured parameters of antioxidant system in GHD children, except for TAC (525 ± 166 vs. 658 ± 115 µmol/L, P = 0.0205), exhibited significant improvement toward the end of the 12-month treatment period, although non-significant changes in CAT activity and CP level were also observed. This work has demonstrated that some parameters of the blood antioxidant system are out of balance and even impaired in GHD children. A 12-month treatment with rGH resulted in a partial improvement of the antioxidant system

Tuning the Envelope Structure of Enzyme Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification of Organophosphates

International audienceEncapsulated phosphotriesterase nanoreactors show their efficacy in the prophylaxis and post-exposure treatment of poisoning by paraoxon. A new enzyme nanoreactor (E-nRs) containing an evolved multiple mutant (L72C/Y97F/Y99F/W263V/I280T) of Saccharolobus solfataricus phosphotriesterase (PTE) for in vivo detoxification of organophosphorous compounds (OP) was made. A comparison of nanoreactors made of three- and di-block copolymers was carried out. Two types of morphology nanoreactors made of di-block copolymers were prepared and characterized as spherical micelles and polymersomes with sizes of 40 nm and 100 nm, respectively. The polymer concentrations were varied from 0.1 to 0.5% (w/w) and enzyme concentrations were varied from 2.5 to 12.5 μM. In vivo experiments using E-nRs of diameter 106 nm, polydispersity 0.17, zeta-potential −8.3 mV, and loading capacity 15% showed that the detoxification efficacy against paraoxon was improved: the LD50 shift was 23.7xLD50 for prophylaxis and 8xLD50 for post-exposure treatment without behavioral alteration or functional physiological changes up to one month after injection. The pharmacokinetic profiles of i.v.-injected E-nRs made of three- and di-block copolymers were similar to the profiles of the injected free enzyme, suggesting partial enzyme encapsulation. Indeed, ELISA and Western blot analyses showed that animals developed an immune response against the enzyme. However, animals that received several injections did not develop iatrogenic symptoms

Imbalance in the blood antioxidant system in growth hormone-deficient children before and after 1 year of recombinant growth hormone therapy

The aim of our study was to examine the effects of 12-month therapy with recombinant growth hormone (rGH) on the blood antioxidant system in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of plasma was measured by FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power or ferric reducing ability of plasma); activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in erythrocytes were assessed; non-protein thiols (NT) and ceruloplasmin (CP) levels were also measured. These parameters were determined before and after 12 month of rGH treatment. Eleven treatment-naive prepubertal children with growth hormone deficiency were included in the study. Another 11 prepubertal children comprised a control group. Before rGH treatment, TAC of plasma and NT level in the control group were significantly lower (726 ± 196 vs. 525 ± 166 µmol/L, P = 0.0182 and 0.92 ± 0.18 vs. 0.70 ± 0.22 µmol/ml, P = 0.0319, before and after the therapy, respectively). The only parameter that significantly (19.6 ± 4.7 vs. 14.5 ± 3.4 Units/g Hb, P = 0.0396) exceeded the same in the control group after rGH therapy was SOD activity. However, none of the measured parameters of antioxidant system in GHD children, except for TAC (525 ± 166 vs. 658 ± 115 µmol/L, P = 0.0205), exhibited significant improvement toward the end of the 12-month treatment period, although non-significant changes in CAT activity and CP level were also observed. This work has demonstrated that some parameters of the blood antioxidant system are out of balance and even impaired in GHD children. A 12-month treatment with rGH resulted in a partial improvement of the antioxidant system