My_Atmos: Novel Method to Analyse Ultrafine Particles Using an Artificial Intelligence Approach

This presentation will discuss the used of an artificial intelligent method namely the ‘stochastic boosted regression trees’ (BRT) approach that uses an algorithm that applied to an air pollution data namely particle number count concentrations ([PNC]), an ultrafine particles data and particulate matter data case study in United Kingdom and Malaysia. The development of the BRT model involves determining the model algorithm settings of the main model input parameters (learning rate, number of trees and interaction depth) that were tested using the R software (version 3.02) by choosing a10-fold cross-validation approach with combination of lr 0.05 and tc 5 of training set for BRT models. It was found, that the coefficient of determination (R2) value for the BRT best iteration models were above 0.60 for [PNC] in urban environment. The fine and course particle number (FPNC and CPNC) were found to be 0.75 and 0.72 respectively for one of coastal dataset while R2 value of 0.78 and 0.85 were obtained for Malaysia data. Further investigated were performed to rank factor influenced. It was found, that Carbon monoxide (30.28 %) gas and followed by temperature (16.81%) and wind direction (16.4%) were found the high factor influenced PM10 in urban environment. The interaction index (H-index) between parameters to concentration of pollutants were also examined graphically and in numerical form (H-Index). It was found that the H-Index between parameters 0.3 to 0.4 indicated that the BRT technique able to explain the science of air pollution. The consistent results to produce the best model from the best iteration, able to rank the best parameters that influence most to the concentration of predictor and able to predict interaction between variables premise BRT as one of the method or tools to analyse air pollution data

Wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici N-myristoyltransferase inhibitors: on-target antifungal activity and an unusual metabolic defense mechanism

Zymoseptoria tritici is the causative agent of Septoria tritici blotch (STB), which costs billions of dollars annually to major wheat-producing countries in terms of both fungicide use and crop loss. Agricultural pathogenic fungi have acquired resistance to most commercially available fungicide classes, and the rate of discovery and development of new fungicides has stalled, demanding new approaches and insights. Here we investigate a potential mechanism of targeting an important wheat pathogen Z. tritici via inhibition of N-myristoyltransferase (NMT). We characterize Z. tritici NMT biochemically for the first time, profile the in vivo Z. tritici myristoylated proteome and identify and validate the first Z. tritici NMT inhibitors. Proteomic investigation of the downstream effects of NMT inhibition identified an unusual and novel mechanism of defense against chemical toxicity in Z. tritici through the application of comparative bioinformatics to deconvolute function from the previously largely unannotated Z. tritici proteome. Research into novel fungicidal modes-of-action is essential to satisfy an urgent unmet need for novel fungicide targets, and we anticipate that this study will serve as a useful proteomics and bioinformatics resource for researchers studying Z. tritici

Composites Materials and Manufacturing Technologies for Space Applications

Composite materials offer significant advantages in space applications. Weight reduction is imperative for deep space systems. However, the pathway to deployment of composites alternatives is problematic. Improvements in the materials and processes are needed, and extensive testing is required to validate the performance, qualify the materials and processes, and certify components. Addressing these challenges could lead to the confident adoption of composites in space applications and provide spin-off technical capabilities for the aerospace and other industries. To address the issues associated with composites applications in space systems, NASA sponsored a Technical Interchange Meeting (TIM) entitled, "Composites Materials and Manufacturing Technologies for Space Applications," the proceedings of which are summarized in this Conference Publication. The NASA Space Technology Mission Directorate and the Game Changing Program chartered the meeting. The meeting was hosted by the National Center for Advanced Manufacturing (NCAM)-a public/private partnership between NASA, the State of Louisiana, Louisiana State University, industry, and academia, in association with the American Composites Manufacturers Association. The Louisiana Center for Manufacturing Sciences served as the coordinator for the TIM

EFFECT OF INTEROSSEOUS MEMBRANE ON LOAD TRANSFER IN RAT FORELIMB USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

ABSTRACT Due to the curvature of the ulna and the complex geometry of the ulna and radius as well and their interaction with and possible transfer of load through the interosseous membrane that joins them, an understanding of the loading situation is not trivial. The IOM might counteract the bending effect resulting from the curvature of the ulna, therefore stabilizing the lateral displacement of the ulna and decreasing the ratio between bending and compression. Thus, in order to understand the mechanisms underlying effects of the mechanical stimulation applied using the end-loading model of the ulna, it is necessary to have a fundamental understanding of the loading mechanics and strain distribution. Hence, the goals of this study were: i) to develop a three dimensional finite element mesh of a mature rat ulna, ii) to measure experimental surface strain values of rat forelimbs with intact and non-intact interosseous membranes, iii) to compare experimental and computational strain distribution data, and iv) to analyze for the first time the effect of the radius and interosseous membrane on axial load distribution through the ulna. keywords: finite element, bone, strain gauge, interosseous membrane, load transfer INTRODUCTION In order to elucidate mechanisms of mechanotransduction and functional adaptation in musculoskeletal tissues, it is necessary to develop experimental models in which controlled loads can be applied to the tissue with minimal artifactual compromise to tissue physiology. Less than a decade ago, a ulnar compression model was develope

Rotating Superconductors and the London Moment: Thermodynamics versus Microscopics

Comparing various microscopic theories of rotating superconductors to the conclusions of thermodynamic considerations, we traced their marked difference to the question of how some thermodynamic quantities (the electrostatic and chemical potentials) are related to more microscopic ones: The electron's the work function, mean-field potential and Fermi energy -- certainly a question of general import. After the correct identification is established, the relativistic correction for the London Moment is shown to vanish, with the obvious contribution from the Fermi velocity being compensated by other contributions such as electrostatics and interactions.Comment: 23 pages 4 fi

Causal Connections between Water Quality and Land Use in a Rural Tropical Island Watershed: Rural Tropical Island Watershed Analysis

We examined associations between riparian canopy cover, presence or absence of cattle, rainfall, solar radiation, month of year, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, salinity, and Enterococcus concentrations in riparian surface soils with Enterococcus geometric mean in-stream water concentrations at Waipā watershed on the north side of the Hawaiian island Kaua’i. Each 1% decrease in riparian canopy cover was associated with a 4.6 most probable number (MPN)/100 ml increase of the geometric mean of Enterococcus in stream water (P < 0.05). Each unit decrease in salinity (ppt) was associated with an increase of Enterococcus by 68.2 MPN/100 ml in-stream water geometric mean concentrations (P < 0.05). Month of year was also associated with increases in stream water Enterococcus geometric mean concentrations (P < 0.05). Reducing riparian canopy cover is associated with Enterococcus increases in stream water, suggesting that decreasing riparian vegetation density could increase fecal bacteria surface runoff