Magnetic excitations and amplitude fluctuations in insulating cuprates

We present results from light scattering experiments on three insulating antiferromagnetic cuprates, YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.05}$, Bi$_2$Sr$_2$YCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$, and La$_2$CuO$_4$ as a function of polarization and excitation energy {using samples of the latest generation. From the raw data we derive symmetry-resolved spectra.} The spectral shape in $B_{1g}$ symmetry is found to be nearly universal and independent of the excitation energy. The spectra agree quantitatively with predictions by field theory [\onlinecite{Weidinger:2015}] facilitating the precise extraction of the Heisenberg coupling $J$. {In addition, the asymmetric line shape on the high-energy side is found to be related to amplitude fluctuations of the magnetization. In La$_2$CuO$_4$ alone minor contributions from resonance effects may be identified.} The spectra in the other symmetries are not universal. The variations may be traced back to weak resonance effects and extrinsic contributions. For all three compounds we find support for the existence of chiral excitations appearing as a continuum in $A_{2g}$ symmetry having an onset slightly below $3J$. In La$_2$CuO$_4$ an additional isolated excitation appears on top of the $A_{2g}$ continuum.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

NERAZLIKOVNOST RAZLIKA

Analiziraju se leksikološko-leksikografska polazišta i metodološki postupci u izradi Razlikovnog rječnika srpskog i hrvatskog jezika Vladimira Brodnjaka

Ordering phenomena in cuprates

Results of light-scattering experiments in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi-2212), La2–xSrxCuO4 (LSCO), and YBa2Cu3O6+x (Y-123) single crystals are presented. The emphasis is placed on the low doping range where the evolution of the metallic state from the antiferromagnetic one is studied. Along the diagonals of the CuO2 planes the response is metallic even at small doping levels well below p = 0.05 where superconductivity disappears. In contrast, along the principal axes the carriers exhibit insulator-like characteristics up to approximately p=0.21. In the underdoped range charge-ordering fluctuations are observed manifesting themselves as quasielastic peaks at low temperatures. The symmetries at which the new response is found are compatible with the neutron results on the spin system. Possible connections between the localization phenomena, the pseudogap and the charge and spin-ordering instabilities as well as the implications for superconductivity are discussed

Effect of the association of diet, omega-three, and antioxidants in dogs with chronic kidney disease

Com o Objetivo de avaliar a Contribuição da Associação medicamentosa de ômega-3, vitamina E, selenito de sodio, gluconato de cobre, gluconato de zinco, sulfato de condroitina e glucosamina (Gerioox®), 12 CAES oriundos do atendimento clínico ambulatorial fazer Veterinário hospitalar Uma Instituição Federal de de ensino superior, Portadores de Doença Crônica renal (RDC), were estudados. Were Realizados Exames de hemograma, Medida de Concentração sérica de calcio, fósforo, uréia creatinina, urinálise, Razão proteína creatinina urinaria (RPC) e taxa de Filtração glomerular (TFG) e os antes de iniciado o experimento (T0), apos 30 (T1) , 90 (T2) e 120 dias (T3). Houve Correlação negativa significativa (P <0,05) Entre um TFG ea RPC ea TFG e creatinina sérica e uréia (Quando um TFG apresentava-se Elevada, uma RPC, Assim Como ureia ea creatinina séricas encontravam-se diminuídas). Houve melhora do estado clínico dos patients estudados observado Pela Sinalização dos Tutores Informando melhora da Vitalidade e apetite e Pelas OBSERVAÇÕES Clínicas de melhora do estado Geral, da pelagem e dos Parâmetros analisados. A Associação de ômega-3, vitamina E, selenito de sodio, gluconato de cobre, gluconato de zinco, sulfato de condroitina e glucosamina revelou Ser hum Importante coadjuvante no Tratamento conservador da DRC de Cães, causando aumento da TFG com diminuição da proteinúria, significando Que houve Uma melhora na Qualidade da excreção, e NÃO UM aumento da excreção, Por Um Efeito indesejado de aumento da pressao glomerular. Para avaliar a contribuição da combinação de drogas de ômega-3, vitamina E, selenito de sódio, gluconato de cobre, gluconato de zinco, sulfato de condroitina, glucosamina e (Gerioox®), 12 cães com doença renal crônica (DRC) em atendimento clínico ambulatorial no Foram estudados hospital veterinário de uma instituição federal de ensino superior. Contagens completas de sangue, urinálise, medições da concentração sérica de cálcio, fósforo, ureia e creatinina, e os cálculos da proteína urinária de creatinina (UPC) e taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) foram realizados antes do início da experiência (T0) e depois 30 (T1), 90 (T2), e 120 dias (T3). Houve uma correlação negativa significativa (P <0,05) entre o TFG ea UPC e entre o TFG ea uréia e creatinina séricas (quando a GFR foi alta, a UPC, uréia e creatinina séricas foram diminuídos). A melhora foi observada no estado clínico dos pacientes estudados, conforme relatado pelos seus proprietários, que indicaram uma melhoria na vitalidade e apetite, e pela observação clínica, que mostrou melhora no estado geral de saúde, casaco, e os parâmetros analisados. A combinação de omega-3, a vitamina E, o selenito de sódio, gluconato de cobre, gluconato de zinco, sulfato de condroitina, glucosamina e encontrado em Gerioox® provou ser um adjuvante importante no tratamento conservador de cães com DRC, causando um aumento na taxa de filtração glomerular com uma redução na proteinúria. Este resultado indica que houve uma melhoria na qualidade de excreção, e não um aumento na excreção de si, o que é um resultado do efeito indesejado de aumento da pressão glomerular

Bacterial counts in blood and spleen of BALB/c mice depleted of neutrophils or macrophages.

<p>Twelve groups of BALB/c mice (n = 3–9) were infected by the i.v. route with four different strains of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> (TIGR4, D39, DP1004 and G54) at the challenge dose of 2.5×10⁵ CFU/each strain. Bacterial counts over time of each pneumococcal strain in the blood (black lines) and in the spleen (grey lines) were reported for untreated mice (A1, A2, A3 and A4), clodronate liposomes treated mice (B1, B2, B3 and B4) and anti-GR1 mAb treated mice (C1, C2, C3 and C4). Samples were collected over 13 h, with the exception of mice treated with clodronate (8 h). The cut off is 20 CFU/ml. Data are reported as the mean ± SD of bacterial counts.</p

Pneumococcal strains.

<p>*see <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004026#ppat-1004026-t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a> for detailed description.</p

Co-infection of CD1 mice with three isogenic variants of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> TIGR4.

<p>A mixture of three isogenic <i>S. pneumoniae</i> TIGR4 variants (3×10⁵ CFU/each strain) was given to CD1 mice (n = 68) by the i.v. route. Bacterial counts were performed collecting blood at various time points. (A) Blood counts in the first 10 h after challenge. (B) Blood counts up to 72 h post-challenge, (including data reported in A). Each symbol indicates a single mouse. Blood cultures yielding all three variants are shown in downward white triangles, those yielding two variants as upward grey triangles, and samples yielding a monoclonal blood culture are shown as black squares. Samples from mice with negative blood cultures are shown as open circles. The ratio of infected over un-infected mice was 0.31 at 24 h, 0.37 at 48 h and 0.67 at 72 h. The cut off for detection is 100 CFU/ml. Data of two independent experiments are reported.</p

Phenotypes of single-colony blood culture isolates.

<p>Growth profiles of wild type strains (coloured lines) and ATPase mutants (black lines) in standard laboratory media THY (A) and TSB (B). D39 is indicated in red while TIGR4, FP318 and FP321 in different shade of green. (C, D) Maximum OD₅₉₀ reached by wild type and ATPase mutants during growth with 80 mM K₂HPO₄ and pH 8.0 (D) and growth at pH 6.6 (E). Kinetics of opsono-phagocytosis assays in rotating blood with anti-type 4 serum (open symbols) and without antibodies (filled symbols) of parental strains (green) compared to a SP1507 <i>atpC</i> mutant (black). (F) Phagocytosis with primary cultures of spleen macrophages of TIGR4 and FP487 <i>atpC</i> mutant. (G) Bacterial counts in blood (squares) and spleen (triangles) at 72 h after i.v. infection of BALB/c mice (n = 6) with TIGR4 (green) and FP487 carrying a frame shifted SP1507 <i>atpC</i> gene (black). Data points below the cut off are negative. All data were analyzed by Student's <i>t</i>-test (<i>P</i><0.05).</p

Statistical analysis: number of blood cultures with one, two or three pneumococcal variants observed at 24 h in the experimental infection compared to those predicted from the statistical analysis.

<p>Statistical analysis: number of blood cultures with one, two or three pneumococcal variants observed at 24 h in the experimental infection compared to those predicted from the statistical analysis.</p