Irrigation in nursery: employment of the technique “container weight”

Este trabajo expone de manera práctica una técnica para la determinación de los momentos y las láminas de riego necesarias en la producción de plantasen contenedores. En la mayoría de los viveros de la región se riega en función de la experiencia del viverista y no se considera la demanda real de las plantas, lo cual, normalmente se traduce en un excesivo uso del recurso, además de los costos asociados a la distribución del agua. La técnica que se aborda es denominada "peso del contenedor", la cual, es económica y sencilla de operar en un vivero de baja infraestructura, común en la región. El trabajo se realizó en el vivero del área de Dasonomía de la Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto ubicado a los 33º06´50´´S y 64º18´08´´O. La metodología consistió en el llenado y pesado de un bloque de contenedores para la construcción de una escala de pesos. Los resultados sugieren que se debe reponer una lámina de riegode 4,1 mm, cuando el bloque de contenedores alcance 3.346 g. Para las condiciones del experimento, dicha lámina se logra reponer en 38 min con un equipo de riego fijo. La aplicación del método permitió restablecer las láminas necesarias de una manera eficiente, permitiendo, que el agua suministrada recorriera todo el perfil de exploración de raíces, sin las necesidades de aplicar excesos de láminas.Fil: Utello, Marco Jesús. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Demaestri, Marcela Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Plevich, José Omar. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Tarico, Juan Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Fiandino, Santiago Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Design of solid lipid nanoparticles for caffeine topical administration

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are drug carriers possessing numerous features useful for topical application. A copious scientific literature outlined their ability as potential delivery systems for lipophilic drugs, while the entrapment of a hydrophilic drug inside the hydrophobic matrix of SLN is often difficult to obtain.To develop SLN intended for loading caffeine (SLN-CAF) and to evaluate the permeation profile of this substance through the skin once released from the lipid nanocarriers. Caffeine is an interesting compound showing anticancer and protective effects upon topical administration, although its penetration through the skin is compromised by its hydrophilicity.SLN-CAF were formulated by using a modification of the quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion technique (QESD) and characterized by PCS and DSC analyses. In vitro percutaneous absorption studies were effected using excised human skin membranes (i.e. Stratum Corneum Epidermis or SCE).SLN-CAF were in a nanometric range (182.6 ± 8.4 nm) and showed an interesting payload value (75% ± 1.1). DSC studies suggest the presence of a well-defined system and the successful drug incorporation. Furthermore, SLN-CAF generated a significantly faster permeation than a control formulation over 24 h of monitoring.SLN-CAF were characterized by valid dimensions and a good encapsulation efficiency, although the active to incorporate showed a hydrophilic character. This result confirms the suitability of the formulation strategy employed in the present work. Furthermore, the in vitro evidence outline the key role of lipid nanoparticles in enhancing caffeine permeation through the skin

Modeling forest site productivity using climate data and topographic imagery in Pinus elliottii plantations of central Argentina

Context: Predicting tree growth and yield is a key component to sustainable forest management and depends on accurate measures of site quality. Aims: The aim of this study was to develop both empirical models to predict site index (SI) from biophysical variables and a dynamic model of top height growth for plantations of Pinus elliottii Engelm. in Córdoba, Argentina. Methods: Site productivity described by SI was related to environmental characteristics, including topographic and climatic variables. Separate models were created from only topographic data and the combination of topographic and climate data. Results: Although SI can be adequately predicted through both types of models, the best results were obtained when combining topographic and climate variables (R2 = 0.83, RMSE% = 7.02%, for the best-fitting model). The key factors affecting site productivity were the landscape position and the mean precipitation of the last 5 years before the reference age, both related to the amount of plant-available water in the soils. Furthermore, the top height growth models developed are fairly accurate, considering the proportion of variance explained (R2 = 98%) and the precision of the estimates (RMSE% < 8%). Conclusion: The models developed here are likely to have considerable application in forestry, since they are based on accessible predictor variables, which make them useful for silvicultural and forest management practices, particularly for non-forest areas and for the young or uneven-aged stands.Fil: Fiandino, Santiago Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Plevich, José Omar. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Tarico, Juan Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Utello, Marco Jesús. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Demaestri, Marcela Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Gyenge, Javier Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentin

Early hyaluronidase use in preventing skin necrosis after treatment with dermal fillers: Report of two cases [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved]

Injection of dermal fillers, like hyaluronic acid (HA), is a safe procedure, with few and transient side effects such as erythema, bruising and swelling etc. The aim of this report is to provide our protocol for the early treatment of necrotic complications after facial treatment with dermal fillers. We present two cases of skin suffering of the face after dermal infiltration of HA, treated successfully with our early protocol. Our protocol includes the early infiltration of hyaluronidase in the treated areas. We start with infiltration of hyaluronidase distributed over the area to be treated through micro-injections with dosage 40 IU per cm2. Our protocol includes the use of systemic corticosteroids for 4 days, anti-aggregation therapy, oral antibiotic, topical cream with nitric oxide and compresses with gauze and warm water. In the skin complications after dermal filler treatment, marked pain and characteristic reticulated erythema in the skin distribution of the affected vessels is often developed. Due to the implementation of our protocol in these patients, we managed to avoid an irreversible necrotic complication of the face in both cases. In this report, our protocol was compared with results published in the literature and allowed us to avoid complications such as skin necrosis with permanent damage

Production of fodder in a treeless system and in silvopastoral system in central Argentina

This paper aims to identify the spatial and temporal distribution of net aerial primary production (NAPP) of oats and sorghum in silvopastoral systems (SPS) and in a treeless situation (TLS), in Southern Cordoba, Argentina. The silvopastoral systems are composed of three woody cultures (Pinus elliottii, Eucalyptus viminalis and Quercus robur), and two grass species (Avena sativa and Sorghum sudanense). NAPP of Avena sativa and Sorghum sudanense were lower in the silvopastoral systems than in the treeless situation. However, there were also differences in terms of NAPP according to the tree species, and these differences were related to the intensity of competition between trees and grasses. Pinus elliottii and Quercus robur were less competitive than Eucalyptus viminalis, which might be associated with their morphophysiological differences, their differential growth rate and their differences in terms of phenology. Finally, facilitation effects between trees and grasses were also identified under certain conditions.Fil: Plevich, José Omar. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Gyenge, Javier Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche. Grupo de Ecología Forestal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Delgado Sánchez, Ángel Ramón. Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro; . Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Tarico, Juan Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Fiandino, Santiago Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Utello, Marco Jesús. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentin

Nanofat 2.0: experimental evidence for a fat grafting rich in mesenchymal stem cells.

Different strategies have been developed in the last decade to obtain fat grafts as rich as possible of mesenchymal stem cells, so exploiting their regenerative potential. Recently, a new kind of fat grafting, called "nanofat", has been obtained after several steps of fat emulsification and filtration. The final liquid suspension, virtually devoid of mature adipocytes, would improve tissue repair because of the presence of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). However, since it is probable that many ASCs may be lost in the numerous phases of this procedure, we describe here a novel version of fat grafting, which we call "nanofat 2.0", likely richer in ASCs, obtained avoiding the final phases of the nanofat protocol. The viability, the density and proliferation rate of ASCs in nanofat 2.0 sample were compared with samples of nanofat and simple lipoaspirate. Although the density of ASCs was initially higher in lipoaspirate sample, the higher proliferation rate of cells in nanofat 2.0 virtually filled the gap within 8 days. By contrast, the density of ASCs in nanofat sample was the poorest at any time. Results show that nanofat 2.0 emulsion is considerably rich in stem cells, featuring a marked proliferation capability

Um estudo das representações sociais da pessoa em situação crítica

Foi realizado um estudo exploratório, com uma amostra constituída por 175 enfermeiros que exercem funções em serviços de cuidados intensivos e intermédios com os objectivos de apreender as representações sociais da pessoa em situação crítica, construídas por enfermeiros e explorar as dimensões estruturais das representações sociais da pessoa em situação crítica, elaboradas por enfermeiros

Dispersion of alumina powder in secondary butyl alcohol with a phosphate ester surfactant

Most ceramic articles are produced by first dispersing powders in a suitable liquid, forming the dispersion (by casting, molding, extrusion, etc.), drying and then firing the body to its final sintered state. It has been recognized that dispersion characteristics strongly affect the green body which in turn determines properties of fired ceramic, and recently, dispersion science has become quite important in the development of ceramics processes. In this thesis research, colloidal size alumina powder was dispersed in secondary butyl alcohol with a phosphate ester dispersant. Dispersions were produced in an attrition mill and evaluated by viscometry and sedimentation. These dispersions were "optimized" by adjusting surfactant concentration and milling time. Zeta potential measurements indicated stabilization was not purely electrostatic. It was noted that a small amount of water added to the dispersions dramatically affected dispersion rheology. With slight water addition high solids content slurries (40 vol. percent) could be produced with rheological characteristics desirable for casting. Solution conductivity measurements were made to provide insight into the possible mechanism by which water affects dispersion stability