I-BEAT: New ultrasonic method for single bunch measurement of ion energy distribution

The shape of a wave carries all information about the spatial and temporal structure of its source, given that the medium and its properties are known. Most modern imaging methods seek to utilize this nature of waves originating from Huygens' principle. We discuss the retrieval of the complete kinetic energy distribution from the acoustic trace that is recorded when a short ion bunch deposits its energy in water. This novel method, which we refer to as Ion-Bunch Energy Acoustic Tracing (I-BEAT), is a generalization of the ionoacoustic approach. Featuring compactness, simple operation, indestructibility and high dynamic ranges in energy and intensity, I-BEAT is a promising approach to meet the needs of petawatt-class laser-based ion accelerators. With its capability of completely monitoring a single, focused proton bunch with prompt readout it, is expected to have particular impact for experiments and applications using ultrashort ion bunches in high flux regimes. We demonstrate its functionality using it with two laser-driven ion sources for quantitative determination of the kinetic energy distribution of single, focused proton bunches.Comment: Paper: 17 Pages, 3 figures Supplementary Material 16 pages, 7 figure

I-BEAT: Ultrasonic method for online measurement of the energy distribution of a single ion bunch

The shape of a wave carries all information about the spatial and temporal structure of its source, given that the medium and its properties are known. Most modern imaging methods seek to utilize this nature of waves originating from Huygens' principle. We discuss the retrieval of the complete kinetic energy distribution from the acoustic trace that is recorded when a short ion bunch deposits its energy in water. This novel method, which we refer to as Ion-Bunch Energy Acoustic Tracing (I-BEAT), is a refinement of the ionoacoustic approach. With its capability of completely monitoring a single, focused proton bunch with prompt readout and high repetition rate, I-BEAT is a promising approach to meet future requirements of experiments and applications in the field of laser-based ion acceleration. We demonstrate its functionality at two laser-driven ion sources for quantitative online determination of the kinetic energy distribution in the focus of single proton bunches

PUNTUAL COMUNICACIÓ: Pla d’empresa periodística de serveis puntuals de comunicació per a entitats culturals

Puntual comunicació és un projecte empresarial forjat a partir de la idea que comunicar no és ni inaccessible, ni inassequible. Es tracta d’una empresa que té com a propòsit crear, gestionar i difondre continguts informatius d’entitats culturals de qualsevol forma jurídica –associacions, grups, cooperatives, petites empreses, etc.- de la zona del Baix Maestrat.The enterprise Puntual Comunicació is a business idea based on that communication is available and accessible. Puntual Comunicació aims to create, to manage and to diffuse information content of cultural entities, ergo, be it capitalistic or associative entity working with a product, service or cultural activity in the region of el Baix Maestrat (Castellón, Spain)

A computational fluid dynamics analysis of oscillating bluefin tuna foil propulsion

There is an on-going interest in analysing the flow characteristics of swimming fish-like bodies. Bio-inspired aquatic life has inspired some efficient and optimum designs for mankind. The design of both aerial and underwater vehicles has advanced over last few decades and new propulsion methods are being considered to further improve the existing designs. The study of fish locomotion has resulted in some very efficient motions and it has become an interest among scientists to formulate these motions. One such motion is thunniform locomotion (which means to swim like tuna) in which the undulations are confined to the tail (peduncle and caudal-fin) only. Bluefin tuna employs thunniform locomotion and has been associated with a high propulsive efficiency but with less experimental and computational base. Computational fluid dynamic analysis was done using Ansys Fluent for typical range of Strouhal numbers (0.183, 0.281 and 0.413) on a tuna-like body investigating the hydrodynamic forces and flow patterns of the tuna-swimming wake; the time-averaged resultant thrust for above three cases were found to be 0.728 N, 0.803 N and 0.9538. It is seen that higher the value of Strouhal number, more are the shed vortices in the wake. The thunniform motion designed in this study was compared with the existing 3D experimental studies through physical entity of thrust. The vortex shedding was recorded and visualized using curl of velocity and helicity method for vortex core region. The scope of this research has consequences in the design of aircrafts, airships, UAV’s, UUV’s, submarine-launched UAVs, winged vehicles to the jet-propelled take-off and submarines

Hydrodynamics of bluefin tuna - a review

In the recent years, the study of unconventional fish-like bodies has been growing with the purpose of developing more efficient under-water vehicles; inspiration from nature to emulate these life forms to understand their propulsion system and to attain superior manoeuvring has given birth to the field of aquatic Biomimetics. Because of their remarkable capabilities, fish have shown extraordinary adaptation towards underwater locomotion which naturally has led to the sense of curiosity among engineers. A limited number of works has been published on bluefin tuna which is considered the largest Tuna species and the largest bony fish in ocean, weighing over 540 kilograms with length reaching over 3.05 meters and with a lifespan of 30 years. This fish has evolved overtime in terms of high-speed (reaching 75-100 km/hour), making it one of the fastest fish that swims in pelagic zone of oceans. Their torpedo shaped body is the most hydrodynamically efficient shape possible, making them the ultimate fish. This paper presents an overview of literature studies done exclusively and relevant to bluefin tuna. The review is divided into following sections: (I) Introduction (to swimming classification), (II) Thunniform Locomotion, (III) Undulatory Motion and Propulsion, (IV) Energy Efficiency and Energy Extraction, and (V) Computational Studies. The review highlights that this riveting fish is not only fastest but also, warm-blooded unlike any other fish that dives in pelagic zone and how that contributes to its high-speed. This paper aims to show that thunniform locomotion, with an emphasis on the lunate tail propulsion, is the most efficient locomotion only attained by super-advanced fish, and highlights the propulsive efficiency of thunniform motion which reaches about 70%, and the energy saving techniques adopted by bluefin tuna to make it the most efficient engine created by nature

Dietary analysis of eight insectivorous bats (Chiroptera) from Puting Bato Cave Complex, Burdeos, Polillo Island, Philippines

Food habits of eight insectivorous bat species from Puting Bato Cave Complex, Polillo Island, were examined. Fecal samples collected from eight species of cave-dwelling insectivorous bats contained culled fragments from seven prey taxa (six insect orders and one fish prey). Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera were the most consumed group in both percentage volume and percentage frequency. The diet of Hipposideros diadema, H. pygmaeus, Rhinolophus arcuatus, and R. philippinensis mostly concurs with previous studies but with varying proportions. Baseline information on the diets of H. coronatus, M. paululus, R. macrotis, and R. rufus is provided in this study