Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second and Forced Vital Capacity in Bronchial Asthma Patients in Relation with Asthma Exercise

Background: Aerobic physical activity is one of the non-pharmacology management approaches of asthma. The Asthma Foundation of Indonesia (Yayasan Asma Indonesia, YAI) has designed an aerobic physical activity for people with asthma, known as Asthma Exercise. Asthma exercise is expected to increase the overall functional capacity of the lungs. One way to measure lung function is by measuring the score of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). The objective of the study was to explore the difference in FEV1 and FVC between bronchial asthma patients with and without asthma exercise. Methods: This study involved asthma patients from the Bandung Asthma Association (Perhimpunan Asma Bandung, PAB) who did asthma exercise (n=28), and as control patients from the Pulmonology Clinic in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital were selected who did not do asthma exercise. The research data used were primary data from the spirogram examination. Asthma patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. This research used unpaired numerical comparative analytical hypothetical tests with a cross-sectional design.Results: The study showed the mean of FEV1 and FVC in the group with asthma exercise (1.6107±0.3780L and 2.0396±0.3465L) was higher than the group without asthma exercise (1.3750±0.4702L and 1.7164±0.4632L). Statistical difference test using independent t-test indicated a score of p=0.044 for FEV1 and p=0.005 for FVC between the two groups.Conclusions: There are significant differences in FEV1 and FVC between bronchial asthma patients with and without asthma exercise. Furthermore, asthma exercise is recommended for asthma patients to improve their lung function.

Knowledge and Attitude on Febrile Seizure among Mothers with Under-Five Children

Background: Febrile seizures frequently occur in children under 5 years old and usually create fear and anxiety among parents. Poor understanding of febrile seizure among parents contributes to mismanagement of seizure. The objective of this study was to identify the knowledge and attitude on febrile seizure among mothers of under five children.Methods: This descriptive community-based survey comprised of 96 mothers with under 5 children who were chosen through randomization. This survey was, conducted in Hegarmanah Village, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia in October 2013. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using frequency analysis.Results: Fifty nine respondents (61%) considered that high fever in their children will result in seizure and 63 mothers (65%) stated that this condition was a life-threatening situation which could lead to brain damage (50%) and paralysis (50%). There were some respondents who would manage seizure by shaking (27%) or holding the child tightly during seizure (22%) and putting spoon into the children mouth (59%). Sixty respondents (62.5%) prevented febrile seizure by giving them coffee.Conclusions: Knowledge and attitude regarding febrile seizure is good, but the knowledge and attitude towards the outcome and what to do during febrile seizures occasion are still poor. [AMJ.2016;3(4):649–54] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.95

A Structure Equation Model Examining Self-care Behavior toward Pregnancy-related Complication and Their Associated Factors among Women in Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Maternal mortality rate is commonly caused by pregnancy-related complications. Performing adequate self-care could reduce maternal and child mortality, improve quality of life, and reduce health-care expenses. Few studies exploring factors associated with self-care behaviors toward pregnancy-related complications using the basis of Orem’s theory. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the self-care behaviors pregnancy-related complications and their associated factors among women in Indonesia. METHOD: This study was used a cross-sectional design. A multistage random sampling of 320 pregnant women was recruited from four Public Health Centre in West Java, Indonesia. Participants were 18 years old or older and trimester II and III. Structural equation modeling was used for analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of the mother was 27 years (SD = 6.03) and gestational age was 26 months (SD = 9.17). A pregnant woman has moderate self-care behaviors with a mean of 156.5 (SD = 16.91). Path analysis revealed that knowledge, self-efficacy, and social support have both direct and indirect effects through empowerment on self-care behaviors toward pregnancy-related complications. CONCLUSION: This finding provides an initial understanding of basic conditioning factors on self-care behaviors and the mediating role of empowerment. This study also provides a significant contribution for clinical practice as basic data to establish future intervention to promote empowerment to achieve optimal self-care behaviors in pregnant women to prevent a complication

Effects of Ageratum conyzoides Leaf Decoction on Glucose Absorption in Rat’s Small Intestine

Background: Obesity is one of the health problems caused by excessive glucose intake which exceeds normal body requirement. To prevent health problems, Indonesian natives used traditional herbs, such as Ageratum conyzoides (billygoat weeds). The study aimed to discover the effect of Ageratum conyzoides leaf decoction on glucose absorption in the small intestine of rats.Methods: An experimental study was conducted at the Biochemical Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. Two groups of six rats were given Ageratum conyzoides leaf decoction with dosages 0.89 and 1.33 g/kgbw respectively. Each rat was given glucose solution as a control, decoction administration along with the glucose solution, and glucose solution again to discover the effect of decoction in the absorption function after the administration of decoction was discontinued. Glucose absorbed by the intestine was measured every 15 minutes in 1 hour after the administrationof the solution.Results: Glucose absorption was impeded in dosage 1 and 2 with a mean of the gap between glucose absorbed concentration before given decoction and after given decoction were 73.97 and 45.09 mg/dl respectively. Analysis using paired t-test resulted in insignificant meaning (p-value of dosage 0.89 g/kgbw=0.08; p-value of dosage 1.33 g/kgbw=0.06). In the last glucose perfusion, absorption increased in both dosages after administration of decoction was discontinued.Conclusions: Ageratum conyzoides leaf decoctioncan inhibit the glucose absorption in the small intestine but is not statistically significant. Further investigation may be needed  by using a higher concentration of Ageratum conyzoides and/or other filtration methods

Efek Suplementasi Selenium terhadap Marker Darah Pasca Cedera Kontusio

Selenium is a trace element that has antioxidant properties and is a component of selenoproteins. In certain circumstances, such as injury, selenium supplementation is required to regulate the inflammatory response. Contusion injury increases the inflammatory response to a muscle or tissue that begins with vasodilation, increases blood flow, increases vascular permeability, and leads to edema formation at the site of injury. Objectives: To determine the effect of selenium supplementation on changes in blood markers in rats treated with contusion injury. Methods: Experimental design, using experimental male rats (Rattus norwegius), eight weeks old, weighing 200-220 grams, divided into three groups, namely: The Control group, the contusion group, the contusion + Selenium group. Selenium supplementation was given orally on days 1-3 after injury at a dose of 0.0153 mg into 2% PGA. Examination of markers such as White Blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils was carried out on day three after treatment. Results: This study found that the administration of post-muscular selenium supplementation based on examination of blood markers such as WBC, Lymphocytes, Monocytes was higher in the contusion group and lower in the selenium group. Neutrophils were higher in the contusion and selenium groups. This was not significantly different from the control group. The result of blood marker examination tended to change, but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Selenium supplementation in post-contusive injury mice did not provide significant changes in blood markers such as WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils.Keywords:  antioxidant, blood marker, contusion, seleniu

Knowledge and Attitude on Febrile Seizure among Mothers with Under-Five Children

Background: Febrile seizures frequently occur in children under 5 years old and usually create fear and anxiety among parents. Poor understanding of febrile seizure among parents contributes to mismanagement of seizure. The objective of this study was to identify the knowledge and attitude on febrile seizure among mothers of under five children.Methods: This descriptive community-based survey comprised of 96 mothers with under 5 children who were chosen through randomization. This survey was, conducted in Hegarmanah Village, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia in October 2013. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using frequency analysis.Results: Fifty nine respondents (61%) considered that high fever in their children will result in seizure and 63 mothers (65%) stated that this condition was a life-threatening situation which could lead to brain damage (50%) and paralysis (50%). There were some respondents who would manage seizure by shaking (27%) or holding the child tightly during seizure (22%) and putting spoon into the children mouth (59%). Sixty respondents (62.5%) prevented febrile seizure by giving them coffee.Conclusions: Knowledge and attitude regarding febrile seizure is good, but the knowledge and attitude towards the outcome and what to do during febrile seizures occasion are still poor. [AMJ.2016;3(4):649–54] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.95

Effect of Acute Physical Exercise with Moderate Intensities on FGF23 Gene Expression in Wistar Rat Heart

A myokine is one of the proteins that are produced and released by myocytes in response to muscular contractions when doing physical exercise. One protein that is thought to function as myokine is FGF23.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acute physical exercise with moderate intensity on the expression of FGF23 gene in Wistar rat heart. This was an animal experimental study using 24 male Wistar rats that were divided into 4 groups:treatment groups that performed 30 minute acutephysical exercise with moderate intensity (20 m/min) for 3 days, 6 days, and 15 days and a control group without physical exercise. The study was conducted in the Animal Laboratory and Central Laboratory of Universitas Padjadjaran during the period of February to July 2019. Data observed were the FGF23 gene expressions in Wistar rats heart. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The results from the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that acute physical exercise with moderate intensity did not increase the FGF23 gene expression in Wistar rat heart (p>0.05), and the average of relative ratios of FGF23/GAPDH gene expression were as follows: control (0.970±0,03), 3 days (0.992±0.03), 6 days (1.014±0.05), and 15 days (1.056±0.02). GAPDH was used in this study as a housekeeping gene since its expression is very constant. This study proves that FGF23 is more likely to take a role in the cardiac remodeling process, especially those associated with cardiac hypertrophy after chronic exercise with no effect observed after acute physical exercise with moderate intensity in Wistar rat heart. Pengaruh Latihan Fisik Akut Intensitas Sedang terhadap Ekspresi Gen FGF23 pada Jantung Tikus Galur WistarMiokin diproduksi dan dilepaskan oleh miosit sebagai respons terhadap latihan fisik. Salah satu protein yang diduga berfungsi sebagai miokin adalah FGF23. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh latihan fisik akut intensitas sedang terhadap ekspresi gen FGF23 pada jantung tikus galur Wistar. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental dengan tikus galur Wistar jantan yang berjumlah 24 tikus. Tikus dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok untuk diberi perlakuan latihan fisik intensitas sedang (20 meter/menit) dengan durasi 30 menit, selama 3 hari, 6 hari, dan 15 hari serta kelompok tanpa latihan fisik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lab Hewan dan Lab Sentral Universitas Padjadjaran pada bulan Februari hingga Juli 2019. Ekspresi gen FGF23 pada jantung tikus galur Wistar dilihat dengan PCR. Analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney. Uji statistik tidak mendapatkan peningkatan ekspresi gen FGF23 setelah dilakukan latihan fisik akut intensitas sedang selama 3 hari, 6 hari dan 15 hari (p>0,05) dan didapatkan rasio relatif ekspresi gen FGF23/GAPDH otot jantung pada : kontrol (0,970±0,03), hari 3 (0,992±0,03), hari 6 (1,014±0,05), hari 15 (1,056±0,02). GAPDH digunakan dalam studi ini sebagai gen ‘housekeping’ karena ekspresinya yang sangat konstan. Studi ini membuktikan bahwa FGF23 mungkin lebih berperan dalam proses remodeling jantung, terutama yang berhubungan dengan hipertrofi jantung setelah latihan fisik kronik. Simpulan, tidak terdapat pengaruh latihan fisik akut intensitas sedang terhadap ekspresi gen FGF23 pada jantung tikus galur Wistar

Knowledge Improvement on Burn Injury Prevention and First Management after One-Day Health Promotion Event

Burns causes a significant number of mortality and morbidity globally with a higher number found in developing countries, such as Indonesia. A study conducted in Indonesia discovered that the majority of burns were caused by flame LPG-related (liquefied petroleum gas) burns (33%), which is understandable because LPG is the main cooking fuel used in Indonesian homes. Since the first management of burn will influence the outcome of burn injuries, health promotion efforts to improve knowledge, attitude, and practice to prevent burns and to provide first aid for burn are considered important to reduce burn-related morbidity and mortality. This was a descriptive study conducted in Babakan Sari Sub-district, Antapani, Bandung, Indonesia which involved a one-day community health promotion event as the intervention. The aim of this study was to compare the level of knowledge regarding burn prevention and first management before and after a one-day community health promotion event. As many as 61 respondents were recruited through purposive sampling and these respondents were asked to fill out a pre-event questionnaire consisting of questions regarding demographic data and knowledge on burn prevention and management. Demographic data collected showed that 31% of participants had experienced burns; 100% of participants used 3kg LPG gas tank in their home; 98% of participants had never been taught on how to handle an emergency situation or how to arrange an evacuation route; and 100% of participants felt that their neighborhood did not provide facilities for burn management. A post-event questionnaire was distributed after the one-day health promotion event, which was conducted in October 2018, and the results were compared with the pre-event questionnaire results. A significant improvement of knowledge was seen, as evident from the increase of a median score from 2.0 before the event to 9.0 after the event (p<0.001). In conclusion, despite the fact that all participants of this study used 3kg LPG gas tank, they do not have proper knowledge regarding prevention or management of burns and that a one-day health promotion event can increase this knowledge significantly. Thus, an effective community health promotion program should be implemented at the community level in Indonesia, especially for areas where the majority of residents use 3 kg LPG gas tank, in order to reduce the incidence of burns due to 3 kg LPG tank explosion.Peningkatan Pengetahuan Melalui Penyuluhan Mengenai Pencegahan dan Penanganan Dini pada Luka BakarLuka bakar merupakan sebuah masalah yang menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Mayoritas luka bakar (33%) diakibatkan oleh api dari ledakan tabung gas LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) 3 kg dan mayoritas rumah tangga menggunakannya. Pelaksanaan penyuluhan mengenai pencegahan dan penanganan awal diharapkan dapat menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas akibat luka bakar. Penelitian deskriptif ini bertujuan membandingkan tingkat pengetahuan tentang pencegahan luka bakar dan manajemen pertama sebelum dan setelah acara promosi kesehatan Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan/Desa Babakan Sari, Antapani, Bandung pada bulan Oktober 2018 untuk mengedukasi dan meningkatkan pengetahuan responden. Dari total 61 responden (45 wanita dan 16 pria) dengan mayoritas responden berusia di atas 60 tahun (45.9%), didapatkan 32.8% responden pernah mengalami luka bakar, 100% responden menggunakan gas LPG 3 kg, 98% peserta tidak pernah mendapatkan penyuluhan mengenai penanganan luka bakar, dan 100% peserta merasa tidak ada fasilitas penanganan kebakaran di wilayah mereka. Pengetahuan responden dinilai sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan penyuluhan dan didapatkan peningkatan secara signifikan dan bermakna (p<0.001). Simpulan, meskipun semua responden yang menggunakan tangki gas LPG 3 kg tidak memiliki pengetahuan yang memadai pencegahan atau pengelolaan luka bakar, penyuluhan ini efektif dapat menurunkan angka kejadian luka bakar

Potential Molecular Interaction of Nutmeg's (Myristica Fragrans) Active Compound via Activation of Caspase-3

Myristica fragrans Houtt (belongs to the Myristicaceae family) is a Maluku Island (Indonesia) native plant. The seed of M. fragrans (Nutmeg) has been used for medicinal benefits. M. fragrans also has anti-cancer properties. The goal of this research was to use computer-aided drug design to investigate the in silico molecular docking of selected nutmeg compounds against Caspase-3. Molecular docking using Malegro Virtual Docker (MVD) software Ver 5.5 was performed to investigate binding complicated models to offer information on critical drug-receptor interactions. The most potent ligand was Licarin B, which had a docking score of -103.07 kcal/mol. The Licarin B structure formed several hydrogen bonds with Trp214 and Phe250. These findings imply that the nutmeg seed contains a prospective compound that could be a great anti-cancer agent

Hubungan antara Kategori Kardiotokografi dan Jenis Persalinan dan Asfiksia Neonatus

Tujuan: Melihat hubungan antara pola kardiotokografi dan hasil luaran (cara persalinan dan status asfiksia neonatus).Metode: Penelitian ini observasional analitik retrospektif dengan desain case-control. Penelitian melibatkan pasien-pasien yang melahirkan di RS Hasan Sadikin Bandung antara 2019-2020. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien dengan kehamilan normal dan/atau dengan kehamilan patologis, pasien dengan usia gestasi 37-40 minggu, kehamilan dengan janin tunggal dan pasien dengan induksi persalinan. Kriteria eksklusi mencakup data pemeriksaan tidak lengkap  anamnesa, pemeriksaan fisik terkait kehamilan dan persalinan, rekaman kardiotokografi, dan skor APGAR menit ke-5; hambatan pertumbuhan janin intrauterine (IUGR); kelainan kongenital (cacat bawaan) dan infeksi/demam pada ibu. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis. Metode perekrutan sampel menggunakan consecutive admission sampling. Analisis data secara deskriptif dan analitik dilakukan. Hasil: Rerata usia pasien adalah 26,83±7 tahun. Pasien paling banyak memiliki latar belakang pendidikan tamat SMA (51,7%). 48,3% pasien belum pernah bersalin. 53,3% pasien sedang hamil 39-40 minggu saat bergabung dengan penelitian ini. Rata-rata berat bayi lahir sebesar 2923,33±385,229 gr. Untuk APGAR Score 5’ memiliki rata-rata sebesar 7,68±2,347. Ditemukan bahwa kategori kardiotokografi patologis secara signifikan meningkatkan terjadinya asfiksia (p=0,024). Kemudian, temuan kardiotokografi patologis juga secara signifikan meningkatkan pemilihan seksio sesarea sebagai metode persalinan (p<0,001).  Kesimpulan: Pola kardiotokografi patologis secara signifikan meningkatkan risiko munculnya asfiksia pada neonatus. Association between Cardiotocographic traces, and mode of delivery and asphyxiaAbstractObjective: the aim of this study is to evaluate the association between cardiotocographic traces and maternal and neonatal outcomes (mode of delivery and neonatal asphyxia status).   Method: This is a retrospective observational analytical case-control study involving patients delivering at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital between 2019-2020. The inclusion criteria were patients with normal pregnancies and/or pathologic pregnancies at 37-40 weeks of gestation, singleton pregnancies and patients with induced labor. The exclusion criteria were the following: incomplete case notes (patient history, physical examination, CTG record and 5-minute APGAR score), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR); fetal with congenital anomalies dan maternal infection and/or fever. This study utilized secondary data from patient case notes. This study employed consecutive admission sampling. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed. Results: Mean patient age was 26,83 ±7 years. 51,7% patients were high-school graduates. 48,3% were nulliparous. 53,3% were at 39-40 weeks of gestation. Mean neonatal birth weight was 2923,33±385 gr. Mean 5-minute APGAR score was 7,68±2. Pathologic CTG traces significantly increased perinatal asphyxia (p=0,024). Pathologic CTG traces also significantly increased the use of caesarean section as method of delivery (p<0,001). Conclusion: Pathologic CTG traces significantly increased the likelihood of neonatal asphyxia. Key words: Cardiotocography, Asphyxia, Delivery, APGA