Opportunities and risks for CO2 intense sectors in Turkey

The Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) is an independent not-for-profit organization holding the largest database of primary corporate climate change information in the world. Over 3,000 organizations in some 60 countries now disclose their greenhouse gas emissions, water management and climate change strategies through CDP, in order that they can set reduction targets and make performance improvements. This data is gathered on behalf of institutional investors, purchasing organizations and government bodies, then, made available to CDP signatories for integration into business and policy decision-making. Since its formation in 2000, CDP has become the gold standard for carbon disclosure methodology and process, providing essential climate change data to the global market place. Since the beginning of the year 2010, Turkey is included in Carbon Disclosure Project with the support of Akbank and Ernst & Young-Turkey. The project is managed and controlled by Sabanci University Corporate Governance Forum, which has become a centre of expertise on corporate disclosure over the years. 50 companies, which constitute the Istanbul Stock Exchange’s ISE-50 index, have been invited by CDP Turkey in the year of 2010 to disclose climate change related information,10 of those companies responded to CDP’s invitation and presented their carbon emission levels and risk management strategies to international investors through the CDP platform. Additionally one company joined the CDP voluntarily. In the year 2011, the invitation is extended to 100 companies constituting Istanbul Stock Exchange’s ISE-100 index. A total of 17 ISE 100 companies responded to CDP, including two ISE 100 firms whose international parent companies answered the questionnaire on their behalf. In addition, there are three voluntary responses outside the ISE 100 sample, which increased the number of direct CDP responses from Turkish companies to 20. In 2012, CDP Turkey aims to enlarge its scope to cover both listed and non-listed firms in carbon intense industries through voluntary disclosure in collaboration with sector organizations. This report discusses the conditions in CO2 intense sectors of Turkey, in terms of market conditions, current & potential regulatory risks and opportunities. The first sections of the report elaborate on comparative GHG emission trends in Turkey. The second section lays down leading firms in the largest industries and the most CO2 intensive sectors in Turkey. The third section draws attention to the market dynamics in carbon intense industries. And the last section, points out risks and potential opportunities for those industries, including EC legislation and initiatives to transform consumption and production patterns

Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Current Treatment Options

Significant left main coronary artery disease is defined as a greater than 50% angiographic narrowing of the vessel. In general, there are three options for the treatment of LMCA disease which include optimal medical therapy, percutaneous revascularization, or surgical revascularization, either off-pump or on-pump. It is the highest-risk lesion subset of ischemic heart disease and until recent years, coronary artery bypass grafting was the major choice of treatment. Although there is a marked increase in use of percutaneous coronary intervention in left main disease, there are still some questions about its efficacy when compared with surgery. Although bypass surgery is the gold standard, current treatment guideline recommendations canalized the treatment of this potentially lethal disease into percutaneous interventions in selected patients who had low to intermediate anatomic complexity. Left main disease with low SYNTAX scores (≤22) can be treated either by bypass surgery or percutaneously, whereas SYNTAX score > 32 is an indication for only coronary artery bypass surgery. The heart team should always be in collaboration, give therapeutic options to patients and decide the best treatment strategy for the welfare of the patient

The efficiency of online English language instruction on students’ reading skills

AbstractInternet is the most important technological innovation which can easily be integrated into every field of people's lives. Web is a new technology which is used as a communication facilitator and an instructional delivery medium. Today, web-assisted teaching and learning is replacing traditional teaching and learning methods and thus, I aimed to determine if Faculty of Law students in Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) are learning better when the reading instruction is assisted by the web. The result showed that Law students are more successful in web-assisted instruction. This study has a vital significant since the result affects the curriculum of the English courses. EMU should have web-based teaching and learning, as today it is the growing educational tool for future teaching and learning styles

Percutaneous Reconstruction Techniques: Popliteal Artery Approach for Chronic Total Occlusion of Superficial Femoral and Iliac Arteries

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is one of the most common diseases affecting quality of life. Claudication is the most frequent sign. If left untreated, PAD may cause serious daily life disturbances and may cause extremity losses, especially in elderly and diabetic patients. Restoration of blood flow from the aorta to the femoral arteries and from the femoral arteries to the popliteal arteries necessitates complex operational procedures. Most of these patients have concomitant coronary diseases. In such patients, open surgical repair with vascular grafts by the aid of general anesthesia increases both mortality and morbidity. Although femoral arteries are the most common site for PAD, iliac impairment is not so rare. In patients with combined iliac and femoral artery diseases, popliteal artery approach is a safe and effective technique for percutaneous revascularization. In this chapter, we share our experience with interventional percutaneous revascularization through popliteal approach, mainly using drug eluting balloons and stents, by the aid of mechanical thrombectomy devices with the highlights of current literature review

Ahmet Mithat Efendiye dair notlar

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 87-Ahmet Mithat Efendiİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

Changes in the pattern of language teaching

AbstractAim of this paper is to present an effective way of exploring an authentic text while teaching legal English through integrating multimedia into reading, writing, listening speaking and vocabulary tasks. It focuses on the theme of ‘Criminal Procedure’, and it includes investigating and solving a crime case on the computer which enables students to activate their legal vocabulary; and also doing different types of vocabulary tasks, which enable them to explore various ways of examining legal English. The aim is to have students practice reading skills through different tasks, which lead them to argumentative essay writing

The synthesis of chiral β-naphthyl-β-sulfanyl ketones via enantioselective sulfa-Michael reaction in the presence of a bifunctional cinchona/sulfonamide organocatalyst

Cinchona alkaloid-derived organocatalysts are widely employed in various asymmetric transformations, yielding products with high enantiopurity. In this respect, a bifunctional quinine-derived sulfonamide organocatalyst was developed to catalyze the asymmetric sulfa-Michael reaction of naphthalene-1-thiol withtrans-chalcone derivatives. The target sulfa-Michael adducts were obtained with up to 96% ee under mild conditions and with a low (1 mol %) catalyst loading. Selected enantiomerically enriched sulfa-Michael addition products were subjected to oxidation to obtain the corresponding sulfones

An anatomical study of the origins of the lateral circumflex femoral artery in the Turkish population

The aim of this study was to investigate the origins of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) in the Turkish population. For this purpose, we investigated 110 inguinal regions of 56 cadavers between 1997 and 2007. The LCFA was found to be branched from the deep femoral artery (DFA) in 85 (77.3%) cases and from the femoral artery (FA) in 21 (19.1%) cases. In two (1.8%) cases the ascending and the descending branches of the LCFA branched separately from the DFA and FA. There was a common trunk of the DFA and the LCFA in one (0.9%) case, and a common trunk of the DFA, LCFA and the medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA) (trifurcation) in another (0.9%). We also measured the distance between the mid-inguinal point (MIP) and the origin of the LCFA. For LCFAs branching from the DFA the mean distance between these points was 4.8 ± 1.2 cm, while for LCFAs branching from the FA the mean distance was 3.4 ± 0.9 cm. We discuss the clinical importance of the artery and compare the results with the literature

An anatomical study of the origins of the medial circumflex femoral artery in the Turkish population

The medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA) usually branches from the deep femoral artery (DFA). It may also branch from the femoral artery (FA). In this study 100 inguinal regions of 50 cadavers were investigated. In 79 extremities (79%) MCFA branched from DFA, while in 15 (15%) it branched from FA. In four extremities (4%) MCFA was found to be double; in each case one of MCFAs branched from FA and the other from DFA. In one of these four cases the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) was also double. In one case we found a common trunk of DFA and MCFA and in another case a common trunk of MCFA, DFA and LCFA. Clinicians must be familiar with the variations of this clinically important artery to improve their success in the diagnosis and treatment of pathologies in the region