SIMULATION STUDY ON WATERFLOOD FRONT: BLOCK HADE OF TARIM OILFIELD IN NORTHWEST CHINA

Block Hade consist of a deep thin sandstone reservoir of two sub-layer reservoirs. The thickness is about 1.5 m for each layer. The two-layer “staircase” horizontal well is used for recovery. In order to determine water displacement front and edge water movement, tracer test is conducted in the reservoir. But the cycle of field tracer monitoring is about 150-360 days. This prevented the efficient monitoring of waterflood swept area and waterflood advance direction and velocity, after the cycle of tracer monitoring. Conservation of mass with respect to tracer flow and history performance matching of tracer enabled the study of water-flood front and edge-water advance. The simulation result is basically consistent with the monitored field tracer results. Therefore, numerical model can be used to conduct a longer monitoring period. It can make up for the disadvantage of the complexity of the tracer monitoring setup, its implementation, and time-consuming monitoring cycle. The water-flood front, water-flood swept area, advancing velocity and the predominant water injection direction can be obtained. Furthermore, it is possible to evaluate and predict the injection-production well interaction and can also provide a reliable basis to deploy reasonable flood patterns to enhance oil recovery

Far-infrared optical properties of the pyrochlore spin ice compound Dy2Ti2O4

Near normal incident far-infrared reflectivity spectra of [111] dysprosium titanate (Dy2Ti2O4) single crystal have been measured at different temperatures. Seven phonon modes (eight at low temperature) are identified at frequency below 1000 cm-1. Optical conductivity spectra are obtained by fitting all the reflectivity spectra with the factorized form of the dielectric function. Both the Born effective charges and the static optical primitivity are found to increase with decreasing temperature. Moreover, phonon linewidth narrowering and phonon modes shift with decreasing temperature are also observed, which may result from enhanced charge localization. The redshift of several low frequency modes is attributed to the spin-phonon coupling. All observed optical properties can be explained within the framework of nearest neighbor ferromagnetic(FM) spin ice model

Solidification of Al-Sn-Cu based immiscible alloys under intense shearing

The official published version of the Article can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2009 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM InternationalThe growing importance of Al-Sn based alloys as materials for engineering applications necessitates the development of uniform microstructures with improved performance. Guided by the recently thermodynamically assessed Al-Sn-Cu system, two model immiscible alloys, Al-45Sn-10Cu and Al-20Sn-10Cu, were selected to investigate the effects of intensive melt shearing provided by the novel melt conditioning by advanced shear technology (MCAST) unit on the uniform dispersion of the soft Sn phase in a hard Al matrix. Our experimental results have confirmed that intensive melt shearing is an effective way to achieve fine and uniform dispersion of the soft phase without macro-demixing, and that such dispersed microstructure can be further refined in alloys with precipitation of the primary Al phase prior to the demixing reaction. In addition, it was found that melt shearing at 200 rpm and 60 seconds will be adequate to produce fine and uniform dispersion of the Sn phase, and that higher shearing speed and prolonged shearing time can only achieve minor further refinement.This work is funded by the EPSRC and DT

Discussions on Stability of Diquarks

Since the birth of the quark model, the diquark which is composed of two quarks has been considered as a substantial structure of color anti-triplet. This is not only a mathematical simplification for dealing with baryons, but also provides a physical picture where the diquark would behave as a whole object. It is natural to ask whether such a structure is sufficiently stable against external disturbance. The mass spectra of the ground states of the scalar and axial-vector diquarks which are composed of two-light (L-L), one-light-one-heavy (H-L) and two-heavy quarks (H-H) respectively have been calculated in terms of the QCD sum rules. We suggest a criterion as the quantitative standard for the stability of the diquark. It is the gap between the masses of the diquark and $\sqrt{s_0}$ where $s_0$ is the threshold of the excited states and continuity, namely the larger the gap is, the more stable the diquark would be. In this work, we calculate the masses of the type H-H to complete the series of the spectra of the ground state diquarks. However, as the criterion being taken, we find that all the gaps for the various diquaks are within a small range, especially the gap for the diquark with two heavy quarks which is believed to be a stable structure, is slightly smaller than that for other two types of diquarks, therefore we conclude that because of the large theoretical uncertainty, we cannot use the numerical results obtained with the QCD sum rules to assess the stability of diquarks, but need to invoke other theoretical framework.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Gauge fields, ripples and wrinkles in graphene layers

We analyze elastic deformations of graphene sheets which lead to effective gauge fields acting on the charge carriers. Corrugations in the substrate induce stresses, which, in turn, can give rise to mechanical instabilities and the formation of wrinkles. Similar effects may take place in suspended graphene samples under tension.Comment: contribution to the special issue of Solid State Communications on graphen

Restoration of rhythmicity in diffusively coupled dynamical networks

We acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11202082, No. 61203235, No. 11371367 and No. 11271290), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No. 2014QT005, IRTG1740(DFG-FAPESP), and SERB-DST Fast Track scheme for young scientist under Grant No. ST/FTP/PS-119/2013, NSF CHE-0955555 and Grant No. 229171/2013-3 (CNPq).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Simulation of alnico coercivity

Micromagnetic simulations of alnico show substantial deviations from Stoner-Wohlfarth behavior due to the unique size and spatial distribution of the rod-like Fe-Co phase formed during spinodal decomposition in an external magnetic field. The maximum coercivity is limited by single-rod effects, especially deviations from ellipsoidal shape, and by interactions between the rods. Both the exchange interaction between connected rods and magnetostatic interaction between rods are considered, and the results of our calculations show good agreement with recent experiments. Unlike systems dominated by magnetocrystalline anisotropy, coercivity in alnico is highly dependent on size, shape, and geometric distribution of the Fe-Co phase, all factors that can be tuned with appropriate chemistry and thermal-magnetic annealing