Perubahan Pengetahuan Kader Posyandu Terkait Strategi Mengatasi Kegagalan Pemberian ASI Ekslusif

Keberhasilan ASI ekslusif dipengaruhi oleh dukungan dari keluarga, masyarakat serta layanan kesehatan. Kader dilatih untuk menangani masalah kesehatan di masyarakat. Hambatan yang dapat memengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah mitos tentang menyusui, teknik menyusui, pemberian ASI perah hingga penggunaan susu formala yang dampaknya mengarah pada pengurangan hingga penghentian pemberian ASI eksklusif. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan pengetahuan kader posyandu sebelum dan setelah pelatihan asuhan laktasi terkait cara mengatasi masalah terkait kegagalan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Mitra dan tempat kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah Puskesmas Cebongan Kota Salatiga. Metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan, praktik, monitoring dan evaluasi. Jumlah kader yang mengikuti pelatihan sebanyak 15 orang. Alat ukur perubahan pengetahuan menggunakan instrument berupa angket. Analisis menggunakan uji statistic Paired sample t-test. Uji perbandingan menggunakan paired t test menunjukkan terdapat perubahan yang signifikan terhadap pengetahuan kader sebelum dan setelah diberikan pelatihan asuhan laktasi dengan nilai signifikasi 0.006. Perubahan pengetahuan kader diharapkan dapat pada pemenuhan pemberian ASI eksklusif yang lebih baik.The success of exclusive breastfeeding is strongly influenced by support from family, community, and health services. Cadre are trained to handle health problems in the community. Barriers that can affect exclusive breastfeeding are myths about breastfeeding, breastfeeding techniques, expressed breast milk to the use of formal milk, the impact of which can lead to a reduction to the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. This community service activity aims to analyze changes in the knowledge of Posyandu cadres before and after lactation care training related to overcoming problems associated with the failure of exclusive breastfeeding to be given. This community service activity aims to analyze changes in the knowledge of Posyandu cadres before and after lactation care training related to overcoming problems associated with the failure of exclusive breastfeeding to be given. The partner and place for community service activities are the Cebongan Health Center, Salatiga City. The methods used are training, practice, monitoring, and evaluation. The number of cadres who participated in the movement was 15 people. Measurement of changes in knowledge is carried out using an instrument in the form of a questionnaire which will then be analyzed using the Paired sample t-test statistical test to determine changes in the understanding of cadres before and after being given an intervention lactation care training. The comparison test using paired t-test showed a significant change in cadres' knowledge before and after being given lactation care training with a significance value of 0.006. Changes in the understanding of cadres are expected to improve the fulfilment of exclusive breastfeeding

Overview of Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia: Case Study in Aru Islands Regency, Dobo City, Southeast Maluku

Background: Preeclampsia is a syndrome in terms of hypertension after 20-week pregnancy referring to a pregnant woman that previously had normal blood pressure, followed by having hypertension, proteinuria, edema and generally occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy. Preeclampsia is one of five main causes of maternal mortality up to 12% in the world as well. Objective: This study was conducted to describe nutritional status of pregnant women with preeclampsia in Aru Islands Regency, Dobo City, Southeast Maluku. Methodology: This study used mix methods, namely, quantitative and qualitative research with Case Study design. Qualitative research was to determine nutritional status of pregnant women with preeclampsia and quantitative research was to record nutrition intake of pregnant women and measure nutritional status of pregnant women with preeclampsia. Results & Discussion: Characteristics of participants with preeclampsia were more than 27 years old, worked as housewife that could be one of stress triggers and had some risk to increase preeclampsia cases because of stress that caused blood pressure increase. Preeclampsia was detected in pregnancy term of participants about 20-30 weeks according to Maternal and Child Health data. Preeclampsia risk was doubly by every increase in body weight (5-7 kg). Participants had body weight increase ranging from 8-25 kg which caused preeclampsia risk increase. Parameters of recommended dietary allowances of pregnant women including energy excess, protein deficit, fat excess, calcium and zinc deficiency were secondary factor of preeclampsia risk increase in Aru Islands Regency, Dobo City, Southeast Maluku

FAMILY CENTERED CARE PADA BAYI BARU LAHIR YANG DIRAWAT DI RUANG NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT RSUD Dr.M.HAULUSSY AMBON

Abstrak Bayi dengan kondisi fisiologis yang tidak stabil adalah bayi dengan risiko tinggi yang harus dirawat di Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Hal ini menyebabkan orang tua tidak dapat merawat bayi mereka secara langsung. Peran perawat sebagai pemberi layanan kesehatan dapat melibatkan keluarga dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang sakit dengan cara mengaplikasikan Family Centered Care (FCC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan FCC pada bayi baru lahir yang dirawat di ruang Neonatal Intensife Care Unit RSUD Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah delapan orang perawat dan bidan, yang ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria memiliki pengalaman kerja minimal 2 tahun di ruang NICU. Validasi data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi sumber dari orang tua bayi. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, kemudian data diolah dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan empat tema yaitu: Pengetahuan tentang FCC, Penerapan FCC, Manfaat penerapan FCC dan Kendala dalam penerapan FCC. Kesimpulan: FCC sudah diterapkan pada perawatan bayi baru lahir di ruang NICU RSUD Dr M Haulussy Ambon. Penerapan FCC yang dilakukan adalah memandang keluarga sebagai mitra dan kehormatan, berbagi informasi, partisipasi, dan kolaborasi. Penerapan FCC memiliki manfaat yaitu meningkatkan kontak batin antara ibu dan bayi, keluarga dapat merawat bayi dan mempercepat proses penyembuhan pada bayi. Adapun kendala dalam penerapan FCC yaitu kurangnya tenaga kesehatan, peraturan ruangan bahwa keluarga hanya masuk pada jam kunjungan dan kesibukan dalam pemberian perawatan.Kata kunci : Bayi Baru Lahir, Family centered care. Abstract A Baby with an unstable physiological condition is a baby with high risk that must be treated in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). This cause parents are not able to take care of their baby directly. The role of nurse as health care provider in taking care of a sick family member can apply Family Centered Care (FCC) to get an easier help. This study aim to describe the application of FCC on neonatal who are treated in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Dr. M. Haulussy Hospital, Ambon. The method used is a qualitative method. The participants in this study were eight nurses and midwives, who were determined by purposive sampling method and having a minimum of 2 years work experience in the NICU room. The validation of the data in this study used triangulation of sources from the parents of a baby. The data was obtained through an interview, and got processed using data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results of the study obtained four themes, which: knowledge of FCC, application of FCC, benefits for FCC and constraints in the implementation of FCC. Conclusion: FCC  has been applied to the newborns treated in the NICU room of Dr M Haulussy Hospital in Moluccas. The application of the FCC is to look at families as partners and honors, sharing information, participation and collaboration. The application of FCC has benefits of increasing inner contact between mother and baby, families can care for babies and accelerate the healing process in infants, besides that there are obstacles in the implementation of FCC namely the lack of health workers, space regulations that only enter the family during visiting hours and busyness in providing care.Keywords: Newborn Baby, Family centered care.

Gambaran Kecukupan Gizi pada Kehamilan Remaja di Kota Salatiga

Background: Nutritional adequacy is one of the factors that affect the health of pregnant women and fetuses. Objective to describe the nutritional adequacy of adolescent pregnant women in Salatiga City.Methods: this study uses a mix method. The study population was all teenage pregnant women in Salatiga City. The sample is all pregnant women aged 12-16 years through total sampling technique. The instruments used were food records 2x24 hours and the SQ-FFQ form last one month for quantitative research, pens, recording tools and qualitative research log books. Quantitative data were analyzed using NutriSurvey 2007 software, qualitative data were analyzed through coding.Result: The level of macronutrient adequacy of adolescent pregnant women in Salatiga City mostly has a deficit of weight and more, namely carbohydrates (57.14%) and fat (85.71%). Most of the micronutrient adequacy levels are deficits, namely potassium (85.71%), calcium (100%), zinc (100%), iron (85.71%), folate (85.71%), vitamin B1 (100%) and vitamin E (57.14%).Conclusion: Research on the level of macronutrients adequacy of adolescent pregnant women in Salatiga City is mostly in the category of heavy and overweight deficits, namely carbohydrates and fats above 50%. The level of micronutrients adequacy in most of the deficit categories, namely potassium, calcium, zinc, iron, folate, vitamin B1 and vitamin E is above 50%. This is influenced by the imbalance of food intake consumed during pregnancy. This also results in weight gain of pregnant women not being ideal for weight gain during pregnancy, even though they have good nutritional status

Status Gizi dan Perilaku Makan Ibu Selama Kehamilan Trimester Pertama

Background: Nutritional problems in Indonesia are one of the indirect causes of maternal and child mortality. The low nutritional status of mothers before pregnancy and during the first trimester of pregnancy results in babies with low birth weight, stunting and prematurity, pregnancy in the first trimester is the most vulnerable period, where the process of forming very important organs such as the central nerve, heart and hearing is enhanced in the next trimester.Methods: This research uses descriptive quantitative design. Respondents of the study were 50 pregnant women in the first trimester in the Salatiga Primary Health Care. Nutritional status was determined by weight gain of respondents during pregnancy, while eating behavior was measured using the SQ-FFQ Form. The 2x24 hour food recall was used to determine the level of nutritional intake of respondents.Result: The results showed that the respondents experienced a deficit of TKP, TKE, and TKK and TKL excess, while the abnormal weight gain was 44%, and KEK was 20%.Conclusion : Respondents experienced nutritional problems because their daily food intakes were less than their needs 

Kecukupan Gizi dan Kejadian Anemia Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sidorejo Lor Kota Salatiga

The high prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in the second and third trimesters increasesthe risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Diet is one of the causes of anaemiain pregnant women. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the level of adequacyof carbohydrates, protein, iron, and vitamin C as well as to determine the relationship betweendiet and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the second and third trimesters inSalatiga City. This research method uses a cross-sectional research design with the researchlocation at the Sidorejo Lor Health Center, Salatiga. Sampling using purposive samplingtechnique with the calculation of the minimum number of samples using the Slovin formula.The research instrument used was repeat recall 24h. Bivariate analysis test using Pearson'stest with normality test using Kolmogorov-Smirnov. The results showed that the level ofadequacy of energy, protein, vitamin C, and iron was not significantly related to hemoglobinlevels. In addition to the level of nutritional adequacy, other aspects such as the environmentand sosio-economic need to be reviewed further in the causes of anaemia during pregnancy.Keyword: Anaemia, Dietary, Nutrition Adequacy, Pregnanc

Evaluasi Konsumsi Makan dan Kepatuhan Konsumsi TTD terhadap Tingkat Kecukupan Zat Besi pada Remaja Putri di SMKN 1 Salatiga

Background: Anemia is a nutritional problem, the 2018 Riskesdas data shows 48.9% of adolescent girls experience iron deficiency anemia. The government has made efforts to overcome the problem of anemia in adolescent girls through the provision of blood-supplementation tablets (TTD).Methods: This research used is descriptive with a quantitative approach, using a 2x24 hour instrument record, and the SQ-FFQ form. This study assesses the level of iron adequacy by looking at the data from the evaluation of food consumption which is expressed by the value of MAR (Mean Adequacy Ratio).Result: The results showed that respondents in consuming iron tablets were in the non-adherent category as much as 65%, the level of iron adequacy in the very poor category was 42.5%, the level of macronutrient intake in 42.5% of respondents experienced a severe level of deficit and the food intake of respondents was less varied.Conclusion : The conclusion of this study is an evaluation of food consumption average has a weight deficit, the food consumed does not vary, iron intake is not sufficient according to the AKG, and is not obedient in consuming TTD

PELAKSANAAN LAYANAN INTRANATAL CARE DI RSUD KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Maternal mortality in Indonesia remain unresolved despite government attempts. Until 2017, maternal mortality in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) was still high. Thus, rendering services to mothers is an important matter to be evaluated. The purpose of the research is to describe the intranatal service in the delivery room of the TTS District Hospital, as the region with the highest maternal death in NTT. The method used in this research was quantitative descriptive method by observing the standard operating procedure (SOP) of delivery help courtesy of rsud kab tts  of a total sampling of 14 people is done. Results shows that the majority female respondents (92.9%), and between the ages of 41-50 years (71.4%) and employment length between 10-20 years (78.5%). An observation into the implementation of the intranatal service found that all respondents had obediently done the intranatal service soup, at least 58 steps (84%) of the 69 steps listed in the soup. An identified level of compliance (performing 58-62 soup steps) is 57.1% and highly obedient (performing 63 soup steps) by 42.9%. Conclusion  the health staff at the TTS District Hospital have done their soup intranatal service obediently. Suggestions for further researchers examined the other indicator of intranatal services and used several different instruments.  ABSTRAK Kematian ibu bersalin di Indonesia masih belum teratasi walaupun berbagai upaya telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah. Hingga tahun 2017, kematian ibu khususnya di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) masih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, pemberian layanan terhadap ibu bersalin menjadi suatu hal yang penting untuk dievaluasi. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pemberian layanan intranatal di ruang bersalin RSUD Kab. TTS, sebagai wilayah dengan kematian ibu tertinggi di NTT. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melakukan observasi berdasarkan standar operasional prosedur (SOP) pertolongan persalinan milik RSUD Kab. TTS. Penentuan responden sejumlah 14 orang dilakukan menggunakan total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin perempuan (92,9%), dan berusia antara 41-50 tahun (71,4%) dengan lama kerja antara 10-20 tahun (78,5%). Hasil observasi pelaksanaan layanan intranatal ditemukan bahwa semua responden telah melakukan SOP layanan intranatal dengan patuh, minimal 58 langkah (84%) dari 69 langkah yang tercantum di SOP. Tingkat kepatuhan yang teridentifikasi, yaitu cukup patuh (melakukan 58 – 62 langkah SOP) sebesar 57,1% dan sangat patuh (melakukan 63 langkah SOP) sebesar 42,9%. Disimpulkan bahwa tenaga kesehatan di RSUD Kab. TTS telah melakukan SOP layanan intranatal dengan patuh. Saran untuk peneliti selanjutnya meneliti indikator lain dari layanan intranatal dan menggunakan beberapa instrumen berbeda

Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Preeklamsia Studi Kasus Rekam Medik Di Rumah Sakit Panti Wilasa Citarum Semarang

Preeklamsia merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian bagi ibu di dunia. World Health Organisation (WHO) mencatat terdapat sekitar 585.000 kematian ibu di dunia per tahun yang terjadi pada saat kehamilan atau bersalin dimana sebanyak 58,1 % di sebabkan oleh preeklamsia dan eklamsia. Preekelamsia adalah tekanan darah tinggi ≥ 140/90mmHg dan proteinuria ≥ 300mg yang biasa terjadi pada trimester ketiga kehamilan. Menurut profil kesehatan kota Semarang tahun 2016 tercatat bahwa persentase kematian ibu akibat preeklamsia dan eklamsia sebesar (34%) dan merupakan penyebab tertinggi kematian ibu, dilanjutkan dengan pendarahan (28%), penyakit (26%) dan lain-lain sebesar (12%), kondisi meninggal paling banyak pada masa nifas yaitu (74%) dan di ikuti waktu hamil sebesar (17,14%). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab terhadap kejadian preeklamsia di Rumah Sakit Panti Wilasa Citrum Semarang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui data rekam medik  pasien yang memiliki riwayat kehamilan dengan preeklamsia dari tahun 2015-2018. Subjek penelitian yaitu semua ibu hamil dengan preeklamsia, teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder yaitu data ibu hamil yang mengalami preeklamsia yang ada di rekam medik pasien sebanyak 118 data ibu hamil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor – faktor resiko kejadian ibu hamil dengan preeklamsia di Rumah Sakit Panti Wilasa Citarum Semarang di pengaruhi usia, pekerjaan sebagai ibu rumah tangga, riwayat preeklamsia, hipertensi, protein urin positif dan penyakit penyerta saat kehamilan yaitu hipertensi. Kata kunci : Preeklamsia, Ibu hamil, Kematian IbuPreeclampsia is one of the causes of death for mothers in the world. World Health Organization (WHO) records that there are around 585,000 maternal deaths in the world per year that occur during pregnancy or childbirth, as many as 58.1% are caused by preeclampsia and eclampsia. Preeclampsia is high blood pressure ≥ 140 / 90mmHg and proteinuria ≥ 300mg which is common in the third trimester of pregnancy. According to the Semarang city health profile in 2016, it was noted that the percentage of maternal deaths due to preeclampsia and eclampsia was (34%) and was the highest cause of maternal death, followed by bleeding (28%), disease (26%) and others (12%), the most dead condition during childbirth is (74%) and followed during pregnancy by (17.14%). This study aims to determine the causative factors for the incidence of preeclampsia at Panti Wilasa Citrum Hospital Semarang. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative with a retrospective approach. Data collection was carried out through medical records of patients with a history of pregnancy with preeclampsia from 2015-2018. The subjects of the study were all pregnant women with preeclampsia, the data collection technique used was secondary data, namely the data of pregnant women who experienced preeclampsia in the medical records of 118 patients. The results showed that were risk factors for the incidence of pregnant women with preeclampsia at Panti Wilasa Citarum Hospital Semarang age, occupation as a housewife, history of preeclampsia, hypertension, positive urine protein and accompanying illness during pregnancy, namely hypertension. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Pregnant Women, Maternal Mortality

EVALUASI PERSONAL HYGIENE ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR BERKAITAN DENGAN CEMARAN MIKROBA

AbstrakLatar belakang: Anak-anak pada usia 6 – 11 tahun atau yang masih dalam bangku Sekolah Dasar masih berada dalam perkembangan secara sosial. Kondisi demikian, menyebabkan anak-anak rentan terjangkit penyakit yang disebabkan buruknya personal hygiene. Kebiasaan tidak mencuci tangan tangan menggunakan sabun dapat memberikan dampak buruk kesehatayan yani dapat terserang penyakit diare dan ISPA. Salah satu infeksi penyakit disebabkan oleh cemaran mikroorganisme koliform. Cemaran mikroorganisme ini menjadi potensi gangguan pada anak sekolah. Gerakan cuci tangan yang digalakan oleh sekolah menjadi solusi untuk mengatasi gangguan kesehatan berkaitan dengan personal hygiene yang buruk. Tujuan: penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi personal hygiene berkaitan dengan cemaran mikroba pada anak sekolah dasar. Metode: penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan swab telapak tangan siswa sekolah dasar sebelum dan sesudah cuci tangan dan ditorehkan pada permukaan medium steril. Selanjutnya sampel dianalisis dengan menghitung Total Plate Count, cat gram dan uji beda nyata. Hasil: Hasil uji T berpasangan, diketahui TPC sebelum cuci tangan rerata 146,96 dan sesudah cuci tangan 48,8. Hasil uji menunjukan antar dua variabel yang memiliki perbedaan yang siginifikan dilihat  dari T hitung 10,3 dengan sig 4,83E-11, dan  kurang dari <0,05. Kesimpulan: Personal Hygiene merupakan hal yang sangat penting   untuk kesehatan, salah satu cara untuk mencapai personal hygiene pada anak sekolah dasar  dengan cara mencuci tangan dengan sabun dan air mengalir.  Efektifitas mencuci tangan dengan sabun dapat dilihat pada tabel.1 dimana ke 29 sampel yang ada menunjukkan penurunan koloni yang signifikan pada TPC yang dievaluasi. Kata Kunci: Personal hygiene, sabun cuci tangan, coliform, mikroorganisme