A study to assess the exercise heart rate and the level of rate of perceived exertion responses to aerobic exercise training in post CABG individuals

INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedure. Supervised exercise programme have been recommended to facilitate recovery immediately after surgery. Cardiac rehabilitation is a widely accepted form of management for patient with cardiac disease. Cardiac rehabilitation is a process of restoring psychological, physical and social functions in people with manifestations of a coronary artery disease. In past 40 years there has been a profound shift from the conservative approach that discouraged physical activity in cardiac patients to one which encourage as much activity as the patients symptoms and medical status allow. In patients who have undergone a coronary artery bypass graft surgery, activities can decrease post surgical stiffness and prevent complications and decrease the incidence of severity of depression and anxiety and also improve self esteem. AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess the exercise heart rate & the level of rate of perceived exertion responses to aerobic exercise in post CABG individuals. NEED FOR THE STUDY: Coronary artery disease is the most common problem being faced by the people in the modern materialistic world. Exercise training increases cardio vascular functional capacity and decreases myocardial oxygen demand at any level of physical activity in apparently healthy persons and in most individuals with cardiovascular with cardiovascular disease. Regular aerobic exercise is required to maintain these training effects. The main aim of the study is to assess the exercise heart rate & the level of rate of perceived exertion responses to aerobic exercise training in post CABG individuals. METHODOLOGY: STUDY SETTING: The study was conducted in the out patient physical therapy department of Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai. STUDY SAMPLE: Fifteen male CABG patients were selected by purposeful sampling method from Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai. RESEARCH APPROACH: This study is a prospective study with an experimental same subject research design. CRITERIA FOR SELECTION: Inclusion Criteria: Asymptomatic low risk, uncomplicated male CABG individuals between age groups of 55 -70 years were included who are medically stable, uncomplicated and should have undergone traditional aerobic training for twelve weeks. Exclusion Criteria: Women and patients with the recent symptoms of angina or ischemia are excluded. Smokers and alcoholic patients, and patients with uncontrolled hypertension, dysrythrmias, congestive heart failure, moderate and high risk patients and with other complications are also excluded. RESULTS: Table 1 shows the comparison of exercise heart rate in the first training session to the last training session after 8 weeks. The mean value for exercise heart rate during first training session is noted 86.4, the standard deviation 3.807. The mean value for exercise heart rate during the last training session is noted 83.46, the standard deviation 3.544. The ‘t’ value was calculated to be at highly significant level 11 (P < 0.05). This suggests there is significant difference in exercise heart rate while comparing the first and the last training session. The Bar graph I shows the mean value for the exercise heart rate in the first training session and the mean value in the last training session. The mean value has a significant reduction from 86.4 in the first training session to 83.46 in the last training session. Table II shows the comparison of RPE level in the first training session to the RPE level in last training session after 8 weeks. The mean value for RPE level during the first training session is 12.06 and the standard deviation is noted to be 1.077. The mean value for RPE level during last training session is 9.93 and the standard deviation noted to be 1.06. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: To conclude, the study showed that there was significant reduction in exercise heart rate and RPE levels responses when aerobic exercise training was given to post CABG individuals under going cardiac rehabilitation. There are various evidences that support the effectiveness of aerobic exercise training to post CABG patients. But the efficiency and safety benefits to women, older patients with low aerobic fitness, severe left ventricular dysfunction remain still unclear. Owing to lack of data unavailable, routine application of aerobic exercise training in moderate to high risk cardiac patients cannot be recommended at this time and requires additional study. Further studies can be done to analyse their effects also. This study was done by giving aerobic exercise training 8 weeks initially to produce moderate fatigue and further studies can be done with progressive time & speed used to train patients to volitional fatigue. The period of study is 8 weeks. It can also be aimed to increase the weeks also walking only prescribed other exercise are also included

The relationship between human resource practices and job satisfaction among employees in credit union: A study of KKP (Koperasi Kredit Pekerja-Pekerja Berhad)

Job satisfaction among employees is an important element in any organization. Based on this agenda, this study looks upon the relationship between human resources practices and job satisfaction in non profit organization which is Koperasi Kredit Pekerja-Pekerja Berhad (KKP). The components of human resource practices such as training and development, performance appraisal, pay, promotion and career development, and benefits will be evaluated in appraising the existence of relationship between human resource practices and job satisfaction in Koperasi Kredit Pekerja-Pekerja Berhad. A total of 96 respondents were participated as sample of study by using questionnaires and the data was analyzed by “Statistical Package for Social Science” (SPSS Window) Version 20.0. The tests that involved are Pearson Correlation, Anova and Regression. The findings of the study show that components of human resources practices namely training and development, performance appraisal, pay, and promotion and career development have significant relationship over job satisfaction in Koperasi Kredit Pekerja-Pekerja Berhad. Furthermore, through regression analysis, the component of pay has been identified as the most influential instrument that determines the level of job satisfaction compared to other variables in Koperasi Kredit Pekerja-Pekerja Berhad. At the same time, it is suggested in this research that further study to be conducted in larger scale in order to provide an overall analysis of human resources practices and job satisfactions among credit unions in Malaysi

Drug induced bullous fixed drug eruption: a case report

Bullous fixed drug eruption, which is a cutaneous adverse drug reaction, is commonly seen with antimicrobials and analgesics. Bullous drug eruptions are infrequent, but because they pose a challenge both to affected patients and to treating physicians, they are considered to be the most severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR). It is important to recognize these conditions and to differentiate them from other clinical entities involving blister formation. There may be early signs and symptoms that indicate a severe bullous drug eruption even before blisters and erosions of the skin and mucous membranes become obvious. Once the diagnosis is suspected, appropriate diagnostic procedures and adequate management must be initiated. The latter includes identification of the potentially inducing drug, although it should be taken into account that not all cases of bullous eruptions are drug-induced. In cases with drug causality the potentially culprit agent must be withdrawn, while in cases with other aetiology the underlying condition, e.g. an infection, must be treated appropriately. In addition to best supportive care, immunomodulating therapy may be considered. Here we report 64-year-old male with bullous fixed drug eruptions due to doxycycline administration

A case study of corporate social responsibility in nashik MIDC

771/5" paper analyses Che awareness of corporate social responsibility in Nashik MIDC. It also helps to identify the awareness and effectiveness of existing environmental protection programs like Carbon emissions and treading among these companies.The study analyses the corporate responsibility with respect to Customers, Employees, Government, Environment and Society. The study involves opinions of corporate about, problems to implement corporate social responsibility. The study also involves case lets of major corporate in India like J K Tyre's, Infosys, Siemens, Tata group, Godrej Group, Mahindra And Mahindra and many more that are already implementing such programs. The result of the study indicates that in Nashik MIDC, there are few companies that are doing programs periodically. However, there are few companies, which feel that they cannot do these activities individually but there can be collective efforts. The study concludes that in addition to government agencies some management institutes should also take initiatives collectively to motivate and run such programs with these companies. It is found that Nashik Industrial Manufacturing Association (NIMA) are taking lead and arranging social programs for society.Though big Indian companies have started practicing corporate citizenship, the degree to which it is belong done is inadequate. Growing awareness among the academic institutions towards CSR as a subject, to sensitize the future managers of this nation to the societal needs besides generating profits for their organizations with increased efficiency will need a greater deal from the managers to do the balancing act. Keywords

PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND IN VITRO ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF PERGULARIA DAEMIA (Forsk.)

Objectives: The in vitro antiinflammatory activity of acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of Pergularia deamia leaf and stem. Methods: The different parts of extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening as per the standard protocols. In vitro anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by red blood cell (RBC) membrane stabilization, protein denaturation, and antiproteinase methods. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that the presence of carbohydrates, phenol, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and quinines in acetone extracts of plant. In vitro anti-inflammatory activities were tested using different concentrations of the extracts along with standard drug diclofenac sodium. The maximum anti-inflammatory activities were observed in ethyl acetate extracts of P. daemia. As the concentration of the extracts increased antiinflammatory activity also higher. Conclusion: The plant, therefore, might be considered as a natural source of RBC membrane stabilizers and prevention of protein denaturation, so it is substitute medicine for the management of inflammatory disorder

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Diabetes Patients with Foot Ulcers

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an invasive organism that frequently causes severe tissue damage in diabetic foot ulcers. A major problem in P. aeruginosa infection may be that this pathogen exhibits a high degree of resistance to a broad spectrum of antibiotics. The study aimed to isolate and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the P. aeruginosa population from diabetes patients with foot ulcers attending tertiary care hospitals in and around Coimbatore and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. The study was carried out at the Department of Microbiology, Dr. N.G.P. Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, for a period of one year (June 2006 to April 2007). The present study comprised 270 pus specimens collected from diabetic patients with foot ulcers. All pus samples were subjected to gram staining; bacterial culture and subsequently the antibiotic sensitivity to 15 different antibiotics for the confirmed P. aeruginosa were performed as per the standard procedures. Eighteen strains (14.28%) of P. aeruginosa from 270 diabetic foot ulcers were detected. Almost all the strains exhibited a varying degree of resistance to the antibiotics tested. Multidrug resistance for about 8 to 11 antibiotics was observed among the 55.5% of the isolates. Disk diffusion results show 100% resistance to ampicillin, cefoperazone, erythromycin, norfloxacin, and only cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin exhibited greater activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Effectiveness of Trainings imparted by a Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) in Tamil Nadu

In an agricultural country like India, training of farmers is a laborious task and requires a heavy investment in training infrastructure to reach most of the farmers on a regular basis. Trainings are conducted in Krishi Vigyan Kendras(KVKs) at various levels for which the programmes are designed based on the farmers problems their needs and interests. Altogether, 300 respondents were selected for the study through random sampling method to assess the effectiveness of trainings imparted by a Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK). Majority of the trainees were having medium level of adoption of recommended technologies followed by low level and high levels of adoption of recommended crop cultivation practices in major crops

Applications of Multi-Agent System in Power System Engineering

Power system needs a continuous upgrade to overcome the challenges like distributed control, self-healing, power quality, demand side management and integration of renewable system. At present, power system needs an advance and intelligent technology to perform various system level tasks. Centralized control of the system has efficient operation during integration of the renewable resources and lag of communication between the stations. Smart grid provides the intelligent and efficient power management system. Upgrade of present power system with multi-agent system (MAS) provides the solution for most of the power system issues. More number of MAS are used in the power system network based on acquires of the system. MAS are communicating with each other for the more acquired result. Better implantation of MAS can achieved by providing the high speed and secured communication protocol. In this chapter, we discussed about the MAS fundamental architecture and intelligent controller design tools and case study of real time tariff management using MAS

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) leakage detection and monitoring system

A system consists of detection and monitoring system is very common in industrial field. However, this system still very rare in domestic. Detection and monitoring system of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is very important in home because it is common to be used at homes. The purpose of this project is to develop Liquefied Petroleum Gas leakage detection and monitoring system. This system consists of two sensing unit, two types of alarm alert and an online monitoring system. Gas sensor is used for gas leakage detection specified to LPG gas only and load cell sensor is used to weigh the gas cylinder. A physical alarm alert using buzzer is installed for gas detection only while non-physical alert alarm which is sending notification and email to user through smartphone are developed to equip the system with Internet of Thing (IoT) technology. This includes notification of both gas leakage and empty gas cylinder. For monitoring purpose, Blynk application is used as the IoT platform because of its user friendliness for both iOS and Android smartphone users. Real-time data is sent through WiFi so that users can monitor their kitchen condition remotely and receive alert for both gas leakage and gas cylinder condition through their smartphones. In conclusion, the proposed LPG leakage detection and monitoring system has been successfully developed and has lower cost compared to existing system on the shelves. This system is suitable for domestic usage and small premise usage

The Effect of Social Media Influencers on Fashion Counterfeit Purchase Intention among Young Generation

This study aims to examine the effect of social media influencers on fashion counterfeit purchase intention among the young generation. Social Media Influencer (SMI) has been a dominant marketing trend and businesses heavily invest in SMIs to carry out promotional activities. However, the dimensions of SMI have not been examined widely on fashion counterfeit purchase intention among the young generation. A total of six dimensions of SMI namely, inspiring, technical skills, enjoyability, similarity, informativeness and credibility were used for this study. Data was collected from 389 young generations via online techniques. The findings show that technical skills and informativeness significantly influence counterfeit purchase intention among the young generation. The findings of the study are useful for policymakers to control social media influencers