1,158 research outputs found
Developing the ecletic paradigm as a model of global strategy: an application to the impact of the Sep. 11 terrorist attacks on MNE performance levels
We expand the eclectic paradigm into a model of global strategic management and apply the latter to the
analysis of the impact of the Sep. 11th terrorist attacks on the MNEsā performance to investigate the effect
of exogenous shocks on the global strategies of firms. First, we integrate MNE resources and capabilities,
strategy, and structure with the eclectic paradigm. Then we focus specifically on location attractiveness to
examine how MNEs adjust internal factors with the exogenous distortions caused by an extreme
environmental shock. We suggest that this adjustment is carried out at four levels: resources and
capabilities, strategy, structure, and choice of location which jointly determine MNEsā performance.
Although we restrict the application of this model of global strategic management to the post-Sep. 11th, our
model may be applied to other extreme events that change, at least partly, the worldwide, or regional,
economic order
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The Euro Crisis in the Mirror of the EMS: How Tying Odysseus to the Mast Avoided the Sirens but Led Him to Charybdi
Why was recovery from the euro area crisis delayed for a decade? The explanation lies in the absence of credible and timely policies to backstop financial intermediaries and sovereign debt markets. In this paper we add light and color to this analysis, contrasting recent experience with the 1992-3 crisis in the European Monetary System, when national central banks and treasuries more successfully provided this backstop. In the more recent episode, the incomplete development of the euro area constrained the ability of the ECB and other European institutions to do likewis
Recommended from our members
The Euro Crisis in the Mirror of the EMS: How Tying Odysseus to the Mast Avoided the Sirens but Led Him to Charybdis
Why was recovery from the euro area crisis delayed for a decade? The explanation lies in the absence of credible and timely policies to backstop financial intermediaries and sovereign debt markets. In this paper we add light and color to this analysis, contrasting recent experience with the 1992-3 crisis in the European Monetary System, when national central banks and treasuries more successfully provided this backstop. In the more recent episode, the incomplete development of the euro area constrained the ability of the ECB and other European institutions to do likewise.Keynes Fund at Cambridge University. The Making of the Euro-Area Crisis: Lessons from Theory and History (JHLP)
Evaluating causes of error in landmark-based data collection using scanners
In this study, we assess the precision, accuracy, and repeatability of craniodental landmarks (Types I, II, and III, plus curves of semilandmarks) on a single macaque cranium digitally reconstructed with three different surface scanners and a microCT scanner. Nine researchers with varying degrees of osteological and geometric morphometric knowledge landmarked ten iterations of each scan (40 total) to test the effects of scan quality, researcher experience, and landmark type on levels of intra- and interobserver error. Two researchers additionally landmarked ten specimens from seven different macaque species using the same landmark protocol to test the effects of the previously listed variables relative to species-level morphological differences (i.e., observer variance versus real biological variance). Error rates within and among researchers by scan type were calculated to determine whether or not data collected by different individuals or on different digitally rendered crania are consistent enough to be used in a single dataset. Results indicate that scan type does not impact rate of intra- or interobserver error. Interobserver error is far greater than intraobserver error among all individuals, and is similar in variance to that found among different macaque species. Additionally, experience with osteology and morphometrics both positively contribute to precision in multiple landmarking sessions, even where less experienced researchers have been trained in point acquisition. Individual training increases precision (although not necessarily accuracy), and is highly recommended in any situation where multiple researchers will be collecting data for a single project
Gender based water violence: cross cultural evidence of severe harm associated with water insecurity for women and girls
We examined how study participants in Indonesia and Peru viewed the relationship between water insecurity and women's health via thematic analysis of interviews and focus groups. Participants reported that water insecurity led to vaginal infections, miscarriage, premature births, uterine prolapse, poor nutrition, restricted economic opportunities, and intergenerational cycles of poverty. Participants in both countries stated that extreme burdens associated with water insecurity should be categorized as violence. Based on these findings, we developed the concept of āgender-based water violence,ā defined as the spectrum of stressors associated with water insecurity that are so severe as to threaten human health and well-being, particularly that of women and girls
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