Productivity Growth and the Future of the U.S. Saving Rate

consumption-income ratio; saving rate; medium-run; productivity growth; U.S.

Diagnosis and management of pneumonia in the emergency department.

Pneumonia is a condition that is often treated by emergency physicians. This article reviews the diagnosis and management of pneumonia in the emergency department and highlights dilemmas in diagnostic testing, use of blood and sputum cultures, hospital admission decisions, infection control, quality measures for pneumonia care, and empiric antimicrobial therapy

The Impact of Monetary Policy Shocks on Stock Prices: Evidence from Canada and the United States

monetary policy shocks; stock prices; open economy; structural vector autoregressive model

Business Employment Dynamics: Tabulations by Employer Size

The gross job gains and gross job loss statistics from the BLS Business Employment Dynamics (BED) program measure the large gross job flows that underlie the quarterly net change in employment. In the fourth quarter of 2004, employment grew by 869,000 jobs. This growth is the sum of 8.1 million gross job gains from opening and expanding establishments, and 7.2 million gross job losses from contracting and closing establishments. The new BED data have captured the attention of economists and policymakers across the country, and these data are becoming a major contributor to our understanding of employment growth and business cycles in the U.S. economy. Following the initial release of the BED data in September 2003, the BED data series expanded in May 2004 with the release of industry statistics. The BLS then began work on tabulations by size class. The production of size-class statistics is a complex task involving several economic and statistical issues. Although it is trivial to classify a business into a size class in any given quarter, it is difficult to classify a business into a size class for a longitudinal analysis of employment growth. Several different classifications exist, and many of these possible classifications have appealing theoretical and statistical properties. Furthermore, these alternative classification methodologies result in sharply different portraits of employment growth by size class. In this article, we discuss the alternative statistical methodologies that the BLS considered for creating size class tabulations from the Business Employment Dynamics data. Our primary focus is on four methodologies: quarterly base-sizing, annual base-sizing, mean-sizing, and dynamic-sizing. We discuss the evaluation criteria that BLS considered for choosing its official size class methodology.gross job gains; gross job losses; business employment dynamics; size-class statistics; dynamic-sizing

Sociology of low expectations: Recalibration as innovation work in biomedicine

"This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (http://www.uk.sagepub.com/aboutus/openaccess.htm). "Social scientists have drawn attention to the role of hype and optimistic visions of the future in providing momentum to biomedical innovation projects by encouraging innovation alliances. In this article, we show how less optimistic, uncertain, and modest visions of the future can also provide innovation projects with momentum. Scholars have highlighted the need for clinicians to carefully manage the expectations of their prospective patients. Using the example of a pioneering clinical team providing deep brain stimulation to children and young people with movement disorders, we show how clinicians confront this requirement by drawing on their professional knowledge and clinical expertise to construct visions of the future with their prospective patients; visions which are personalized, modest, and tainted with uncertainty. We refer to this vision-constructing work as recalibration, and we argue that recalibration enables clinicians to manage the tension between the highly optimistic and hyped visions of the future that surround novel biomedical interventions, and the exigencies of delivering those interventions in a clinical setting. Drawing on work from science and technology studies, we suggest that recalibration enrolls patients in an innovation alliance by creating a shared understanding of how the “effectiveness” of an innovation shall be judged.This project was funded by the Wellcome Trust (Wellcome Trust Biomedical Strategic Award 086034)

Degree of corticospinal tract damage correlates with motor function after stroke

Objectives: Direct injury to the corticospinal tract (CST) is a major factor defining motor impairment after stroke. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography allows definition of the CST. We sought to determine whether DTI-based assessment of the degree of CST damage correlates with motor impairment at each phase of ischemic stroke. Methods: We evaluated patients at the acute (3–7 days), subacute (30 days), and chronic (90 days) phases of ischemic stroke with DTI and clinical motor scores (upper extremity Fugl-Myer test [UE-FM], motor items of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [mNIHSS]). The CST was identified and virtual fiber numbers (FN) were calculated for the affected and contralateral CST. We used Spearman correlation to study the relationship of FN ratio (FNr) (affected/unaffected CST) with motor scores at each time point, and the regression model to study the association of the acute parameters with chronic motor scores. Results: We studied 23 patients. Mean age was 66.7 (±12) years. FNr correlated with UE-FM score in the acute (r = 0.50, P = 0.032), subacute (r = 0.57, P = 0.007), and chronic (r = 0.67, P = 0.0008) phase, and with mNIHSS in the acute (r = −0.48, P = 0.043), subacute (r = −0.58, P = 0.006), and chronic (r = −0.75, P = 0.0001) phase. The combination of acute NIHSS and FNr significantly predicted chronic UE-FM score (r = 0.74, P = 0.0001). Interpretation DTI-defined degree of CST injury correlates with motor impairment at each phase of ischemic stroke. The combination of baseline FNr and NIHSS predicts motor outcome. DTI-derived CST assessment could become a surrogate marker of motor impairment in the design of neurorestorative clinical trials

Understanding racial/ethnic meaning making: Narrative analysis of STE[A]M doctoral student experiences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the racial and ethnic aspects of the doctoral socialization to provide a meaningful insight into the belief systems and decision-making processes related to academic success and degree completion. This paper addresses a gap in literature focusing on the racial and ethnic aspects of the doctoral student experience as they relate to student agency. Design/methodology/approach This narrative research of four doctoral students uses a postmodern active interview method to foreground the role of a doctoral agency as manifested in the ways students make meaning of their experiences as members of the science, technology, engineering, agriculture and math academic community. A dialectical approach to the traditional socialization models provides the framework for understanding the meaning-making processes within a critical context of academia. Findings Findings present the intrinsic foundations for a doctoral agency and forces that shape key decision-making processes for doctoral students. Research limitations/implications Implications for research and practice provide guidance for faculty, graduate school administrators and organizations interested in supporting degree completion for historically marginalized doctoral students. Originality/value This study examines doctoral socialization as a meaning-making process of racial/ethnic students in engineering and agricultural programs. Narrative research design provides depth into the individual experiences and the role of racial/ethnic histories in students’ socialization (meaning-making) processes in a predominantly White academic environment

ASUHAN KEBIDANAN PADAPOST SEKSIO CAESAREA ATAS INDIKASI PLASENTA PREVIA TOTALIS DIRUANG FLAMBOYAN RSUD PROF. DR. W.Z. JOHANNES KUPANG,TGL : 21 JUNI- 02 JULI 2016.

Latar Belakang:Plasenta previa adalah plasenta yang letaknya abnormal, yaitu pada segmen bawah uterus, sehingga menutupi sebagian atau seluruh jalan lahir. Sedangkan pada keadaan normal letak plasenta ada dibagian fundus uterus. Plasenta previa merupakan salah satu resiko dalam kehamilan. Umur tua, paritas tinggi, dan endometrium yang cacat merupakan factor- factor yang dapat mempertinggi resiko terjadinya plasenta previa. Apabila plasenta previa ini tidak ditangani dengan baik, maka akan menyebabkan perdarahan yang dapat membahayakan jiwa ibu maupun janin. Angka kejadian plasenta previa adalah 0,4 sampai 0,6 % dari keseluruhan persalinan. Tujuan : Untuk memenuhi asuhan kebidanan pada pasien denganpost section caesarea atas indikasi plasenta previa totalis meliputi pengkajian, intervensi, implementasi dan evaluasi. Hasil : Kasus Ny. N. S umur 28 tahun partus SC atas indikasi plasenta previa totalis, anak pertama, hasil pemeriksaan terdapat luka operasi tanpa infeksi. Asuhan diberikan selama 3 hari, asuhan yang diberikan adalah mengobservasi tanda infeksi pada luka operasi, melakukan perawatan luka operasi, menganjurkan ibu untuk melakukan mobilisasi, memberikan KIE tentang nutrisi, dan menjelaskan kepada ibu tentang personal hygiene. Pasien dipulangkan pada tanggal 24 juni 2016 dalam keadaan sehat dan control ulang tanggal 29 juni 2016. Kesimpulan :Berdasarkan hasil asuhan yang diberikan pada ibu post SC atas indikasi plasenta previa totalis terjadi sejak kehamilan 38 minggu saat segmen bawah uteri telah mengalami lebih banyak perubahan. Pelebaran segmen bawah uterus dan pembukaan serviks menyebabkan sinus robek karena lepasnya plasenta dari dinding uterus atau karena robekan sinus marginalis dari plasenta. Perdarahan tak dapat dihindarkan karena ketidakmampuan serabut otot segmen bawah uterus untuk berkontraksi seperti plasenta normal

Cripistemology and Creative Practice: Disability, Aesthetics, Digital Art, Generative AI

Dr. Memmott’s presentation will showcase “Introducing Lary”—an ongoing AI project that explores the re-invention of the self following life-changing cancer surgery and treatment. This talk profiles the artist’s experience with a laryngeal cancer diagnosis and the medical interventions that follow. Utilizing a variety of AI platforms for both video and image production along with journal entries and medical reports as text prompts, the resulting work is a set of distinctive media that range, in Dr. Memmott’s words, “from the mythic to the horrific; the historical to the speculative.” Though at times the resulting media may emphasize the emergent body horror of cancer surgeries and treatments, this work serves as a form of therapeutic aesthetics for the artist as patient, and a fearless exploration of how AI workflows can enable art practices as a form of cripistemological expression. In addition to exploring features of this project, this presentation will also include two video works: Introducing Lary: The San Biagio Frescoes of Pietro Golamuto, and Introducing Lary: A Cripistemology of Breath. This presentation is available to all students, faculty, staff, and is open to the public