Examining Minimal Important Change of the Self-Assessment Scale of Clinical Reasoning in Occupational Therapy

The purpose of the study was to establish and quantify the minimal important change (MIC) value necessary to determine gains or losses in clinical reasoning during student fieldwork assignments as measured by the Self-Assessment of Clinical Reasoning in Occupational Therapy (SA-CROT). This multicenter prospective longitudinal study was conducted with students on their occupational therapy fieldwork in Japan. Two anchor-based methods were used to estimate the MIC values: a receiver operating characteristic-based method and a predictive modeling-based method. The MIC was adjusted based on the percentage of participants who exhibited improvement. Administered were the SA-CROT and the Global Rating of Change (GRC) scale as an anchor. A total of 111 students from 11 occupational therapy educational programs in Japan responded (response rate 29%). Overall, there was a significant difference (p \u3c .001, effect size was r = .80) in SA-CROT before and after fieldwork, and 81% of students showed improvement in the GRC scale. The adjusted MIC value was 3.69, with 95% confidence interval of 2.29–4.97. This anchor-based, adjusted MIC value is the most reliable value to interpret the changes in SA-CROT before and after fieldwork. The SA-CROT\u27s MIC value can be used as a cut-off point from a learner-centered perspective when considering educational methods and environments in fieldwork

Plastic deformation of bulk and micropillar single crystals of Mo₅Si₃ with the tetragonal D8m_{m} structure

The plastic deformation behavior of single crystals of Mo₅Si₃ with the tetragonal D8$_{m}$ structure has been investigated in compression as a function of crystal orientation and temperature (1200–1500°C) in the bulk form and as a function of crystal orientation and specimen size at room temperature in the micropillar form. The slip system of {11$\overline{2}$} is identified to be the only one that operates at high temperatures above 1200°C in bulk crystals, while any plastic flow is not detected at room temperature in micropillar crystals. The critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) for {11$\overline{2}$} slip at room temperature estimated from the extrapolation of the temperature dependence of CRSS obtained for bulk crystals is considerably higher than fracture stresses obtained for micropillar crystals, indicating that the room-temperature brittleness is due in principle to the difficulty in dislocation motion arising from the very high CRSS value. The value of fracture toughness evaluated with a chevron-notched micro-beam specimen with a notch plane parallel to (001) is 1.54 MPa•m$^{1/2}$, which is comparable to those reported for other transition-metal (TM) silicides of the TM₅Si₃-type. The selection of {11$\overline{2}$} slip plane and the dissociation of the 1/2 dislocation on the slip plane are discussed based on generalized stacking fault energy (GSFE) curves theoretically calculated by first-principles calculations

Plastic deformation of bulk and micropillar single crystals of Mo₅Si₃ with the tetragonal D8(m) structure

The plastic deformation behavior of single crystals of Mo5Si3 with the tetragonal D8m structure has been investigated in compression as a function of crystal orientation and temperature (1200–1500°C) in the bulk form and as a function of crystal orientation and specimen size at room temperature in the micropillar form. The slip system of {112⁻} is identified to be the only one that operates at high temperatures above 1200°C in bulk crystals, while any plastic flow is not detected at room temperature in micropillar crystals. The critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) for {112⁻} slip at room temperature estimated from the extrapolation of the temperature dependence of CRSS obtained for bulk crystals is considerably higher than fracture stresses obtained for micropillar crystals, indicating that the room-temperature brittleness is due in principle to the difficulty in dislocation motion arising from the very high CRSS value. The value of fracture toughness evaluated with a chevron-notched micro-beam specimen with a notch plane parallel to (001) is 1.54 MPa•m¹/², which is comparable to those reported for other transition-metal (TM) silicides of the TM₅Si₃-type. The selection of {112⁻} slip plane and the dissociation of the 1/2 dislocation on the slip plane are discussed based on generalized stacking fault energy (GSFE) curves theoretically calculated by first-principles calculations

Voltage-assisted Magnetization Switching in Ultrathin Fe80Co20 Alloy Layers

Growing demands for the voltage-driven spintronic applications with ultralow-power consumption have led to new interest in exploring the voltage-induced magnetization switching in ferromagnetic metals. In this study, we observed a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy change in Au(001) / ultrathin Fe80Co20(001) / MgO(001) / Polyimide / ITO junctions, and succeeded in realizing a clear switching of magnetic easy axis between in-plane and perpendicular directions. Furthermore, employing a perpendicularly magnetized film, voltage-induced magnetization switching in the perpendicular direction under the assistance of magnetic fields was demonstrated. These pioneering results may open a new window of electric-field controlled spintronics devices

Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Japanese species of the genus Dasycerus Brongniart (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Dasycerinae) with description of a new species and notes on D. poseidon Hu & Liang

Hashizume, Takuto, Maruyama, Munetoshi (2022): Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Japanese species of the genus Dasycerus Brongniart (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Dasycerinae) with description of a new species and notes on D. poseidon Hu & Liang. Zootaxa 5174 (3): 233-246, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.3.

Centrifugal-force driven flow in cylindrical micro-channel

Micro-channel flow driven by the centrifugal force was studied by analytical and experimental methods. The analytical expression of flow rate as a function of angular revolution speed was applied to the flow under the condition that the increase in frictional loss due to Coriolis force could be neglected. The experimental verification was made by measuring the outlet volume of water through capillaries that were radially mounted. The experimental results show that cavitation can occur in micro-channel flow driven solely by centrifugal force

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoligota Cameron (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan

FIGURE 2. Pseudoligota antennata comb. nov. (A) male tergite VIII in dorsal view. (B) median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view. (C) spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.Published as part of Hashizume, Takuto, Yamamoto, Shûhei & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2023, Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoligota Cameron (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan, pp. 100-108 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 103, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/751843

Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoligota Cameron (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan

Hashizume, Takuto, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Maruyama, Munetoshi (2023): Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoligota Cameron (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan. Zootaxa 5227 (1): 100-108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.

Micropillar compression deformation of single crystals of α-Nb5Si3 with the tetragonal D8l structure

The plastic deformation behavior of single crystals of α-Nb5Si3 with the tetragonal D8l structure has been investigated by micropillar compression at room temperature as a function of crystal orientation and specimen size. Three slip systems, (001), {110} and {0$$\bar 1$$1}, are found to be operative in micropillar specimens of α-Nb5Si3 single crystals at room temperature, as in the case of isostructural Mo5SiB2. The CRSS values obtained for the three slip systems are extremely high above 2.0 GPa and exhibit the ‘smaller is stronger’ trend, which can be approximated by the inverse power-law relationship. The fracture toughness evaluated by single-cantilever bend testing of a chevron-notched micro-beam specimen is 1.79 MPa m1/2, which is considerably lower than that (2.43 MPa m1/2) reported for isostructural Mo5SiB2. The selection for the dissociation schemes and possible glide planes for dislocations of the three slip systems is discussed based on generalized stacking fault energy (GSFE) curves theoretically calculated by first-principles calculations

The Validity of Quadriceps Muscle Thickness as a Nutritional Risk Indicator in Patients with Stroke

This study aimed to investigate whether quadriceps muscle thickness (QMT) is useful for nutritional assessment in patients with stroke. This was a retrospective cohort study. Nutritional risk was assessed using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), with GNRI < 92 indicating a risk of malnutrition and GNRI ≥ 92 indicating normal conditions. Muscle mass was assessed using QMT and calf circumference (CC). The outcome was Functional Independence Measure (FIM) effectiveness. The cutoff values of QMT and CC for discriminating between high and low GNRI were determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve. The accuracy of the nutritional risk discrimination model was evaluated using the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between nutritional risk, as defined by QMT and CC, and FIM effectiveness. A total of 113 patients were included in the analysis. The cutoff values of QMT and CC for determining nutritional risk were 49.630 mm and 32.0 cm for men (MCC: 0.576; 0.553) and 41.185 mm and 31.0 cm for women (MCC: 0.611; 0.530). Multiple regression analysis showed that only nutritional risk defined by QMT was associated with FIM effectiveness. These findings indicate that QMT is valid for assessing nutritional risk in patients with stroke