Impact of overgrazing and documentation of wild fodder plants used by Gujjar and Bakerwal Tribes of district Rajouri (J&K), India

The present study aims to documents the wild plants used as fodder by Gujjar and Bakarwal tribes and their impact of utilization and overgrazing in the forests of district Rajouri (J&K), India. During the study period two blocks which were densely inhabited by Gujjar and Bakkerwal tribes were selected (Nowshera and Budhal) and frequent field trips were also made on other blocks of the district where the tribal people may reached. A total of 63 plants species were reported from the study area belong to 33 families and 51 genera, of all these 63 species, 22 were trees, 11 were shrubs and 30 were herbs. During the study it was observed that, due overgrazing, lopping, and cutting of forest plants in large scale by the tribes and local inhabitants for the expansion of agricultural lands and local settlements outside and inside of the forests and the number of livestock reported much more than the carrying capacity of forest, which resulted into the threatening of some plant species. It is also observed that some species like Pinus wallichiana and Cedrus deodara were not be reported in the area due to their commercial utilization and overgrazing purposes, and also due to their more litter fall which is not good for the growth of ground flora. The tribes sometimes also employ forest fire for better fodder, which leads to great loss to the regeneration of forest plants

Partial Address Field Architectures For Energy Efficient Caches in Embedded Systems - A Review

Most of the embedded processors utilize cache memory in order to minimize the performance gap between memory systems and processor. In embedded systems caches are normally implemented along with processors in one IC. The power consumed by the cache system constitutes the major fraction of the power dissipated by the embedded processors. With increasing computational demands on embedded processors, set-associative caches are being used. In larger caches the major portion of power consumption occurs in address decoding including tag comparisons. Set-associative caches consume larger energy as compared to the direct mapped caches as i) set-associative caches have greater tag bits, ii) they have parallel organization of tag arrays, and hence parallel tag comparison dissipates more energy. It is further analyzed that not all the tag bits are necessary for a cache configuration to achieve a normal performance in terms of hit rate. Hence, architecture with reduced but optimum number of tag bits is possible, which would consume lesser energy. Currently lot of research is going on to find newer architectures for Cache designs so as to give better energy savings. In this paper it has been shown that there are various considerations while designing the cache architecture and a review work done is shown on existing power reduction and performance enhancement schemes in cache architecture design

Some lesser known fiber yielding weeds used by Gujjar and Bekarwal tribes of District Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir

The present communication pertains to some lesser known fiber yielding weeds used by Gujjar and Bekarwal tribe of district Rajouri (J&K). The study was based on extensive and intensive field surveys conducted in 6 blocks of district Rajouri i.e. Budhal, Rajouri, Thanamandi, Manjakote, Nowshera and Sunderbani. Three sites were selected in each block which was densely inhabited by Gujjar and Bekarwal tribe to document traditional knowledge on fiber yielding weeds. The botanical names of the reported weed species with family, local names and part used have been documented in the present work. During the study period a total of 17 fiber yielding weeds belonging to 2 monocot and 8 Dicot families were reported. Out of total 10 angiospermic families of fiber yielding weeds, the predominance was shown by family Malvaceae having 6 weed species followed by family Tiliaceae and Urticaceae each representing 2 fiber yielding weeds. The study would not only help in documenting the traditional knowledge, it would also help in removal and management of weed species and in promoting growth of major crops

Building strategy to penetrate deeper into the stagnant and unattractive contact lens market

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-76).This thesis builds up important strategic elements to penetrate deeper into the stagnant and mature contact lens market by focusing on adolescents. First, contact lens adoption is studied to strategically generate awareness and build community effect for increasing purchase. Second, the competition is analyzed broadly at an industry level to favorably position a manufacturer against rivals to gain market share.by Tajinder Toor.M.B.A

Exploration of wild edible plants used by Gujjar and Bakerwal tribes of District Rajouri (J&K), India

The analysis of wild plant exploration was carried out to document the wild edible plants of district Rajouri (J&K), India. The present investigation of wild edible plants were based on extensive and intensive field survey during 2009- 2011. A total of 58 wild edible plant species belonging to 50 genera and 39 families have been reported from the area. Rosaceae was the dominant family that represented 7 taxa, while Brassiceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae and Poaceae represented with 3 taxa each and other 33 families have less representation. Tree make up was the highest proportion of the edible species 28 (41%) followed by 26 were herbs (38%) and 14 were shrubs (21%). Based on the requirements/edibility, majority of the plant species (26 species) are commonly used as fruits, 14 serve as vegetables, 1 species as flavoring agents (spices), roots, tubers of 3 species are eaten as raw and seeds/grains from 8 species for various substitute of food, whereas 2 species are used in making special drinks

Capturing A Sense of Place

Article about post-apocalyptic writing and landscap

The Neural Detection of Emotion In Naturalistic Settings.

PhDThe Field of Emotion research has experienced resurgence partially due to the interest in Affective Computing, which includes calls for natural emotion to be studied in natural type settings. A new generation of commercial mobile EEG headsets present the potential for new forms of experimental design that may move beyond laboratory settings. Across the Arts and Cultural sectors there are longstanding questions of how we may objectively evaluate creative output, and also subjective responses to such artefacts. This research adjoins these concerns to ask; How can low-cost, portable EEG devices impact on our understanding of cultural experiences in the wild? Using a commercial emotiv Epoch EEG headset, we investigated gauging Valence and Arousal levels across the two contrasting experimental settings of a live theatre performance, and a controlled laboratory setting. Our results found that only Valence could be reliably detected, and only with a good degree of confidence in laboratory settings. This determines that we may only be able to gather very general information regarding cultural experiences via the enlisted EEG technology and methods, and only in controlled conditionsEPSR