Generalised twists as elastic energy extremals on annuli, Squaternions and lifting twist loops to the spinor groups

Let X = {x ∈ Rⁿ : a < |x| < b} be a generalized annulus and consider the Dirichlet energy functional F[u; X] = 1/2∫x |∇u(x)|²dx, over the space of admissible maps Aϕ(X) = {u ∈ W¹,²(X, Rⁿ) : det ∇u =1 a.e. in X, u|∂X = ϕ}, where ϕ is the identity map. In this paper we consider a class of maps referred to as generalized twists and examine them in connection with the Euler–Lagrange equation associated with F[·, X] on Aϕ(X). The approach is novel and is based on lifting twist loops from SO(n) to its double cover Spin(n) and reformulating the equations accordingly. We restrict our attention to low dimensions and prove that for n = 4 the system admits infinitely many smooth solutions in the form of twists while for n = 3 this number sharply reduces to one. We discuss some qualitative features of these solutions in view of their remarkable explicit representation through the exponential map of Spin(n)

The Theory of Non-organic Viruses in Psymentology

AbstractOne of the most indispensable theories in Psymentology is the “Non-organic Viruses Theory”. According to this theory, mankind is encountered with viruses that could affect his mind, body and psyche; infiltrate in man's diverse existing components and data files, having them contaminated with parasites and derangements. When such parasites occupy the Mind data files, they consequently would bring about all kinds of hallucinations, abnormal behaviours and unusual drives. In Psymentology there is a specific approach toward these types of disorders and the treatment for such cases lies within a special branch of treatment called “Defensive Radiation”. In other words, through resolving the symptoms of this contamination as well as purifying the patient from Non-organic Viruses, we are able to get rid of them and the subsequent complications. During the past few decades numerous successful experiences have been carried out proving the afore-mentioned theory

The Use of Compensation Strategies in the Iranian EFL Learners’ Speaking and its Relationship with Their Foreign Language

Compensation Strategies (CpSs) are strategies which a language user employs in order to achieve his intended meaning when precise linguistic forms are for some reasons not available at that point of communication. Different factors may influence the use of CpSs, among which the level of language proficiency is one of the most important ones. The present study attempts to investigate the relationship between compensation strategies use and the level of language proficiency and gender. In order to explore this relationship, four distinct groups of learners – advanced male, advanced female, intermediate male, and intermediate female, each containing 12 members– participated in the study. The participants were interviewed individually and their performances were tape-recorded and then transcribed. The findings of the study indicates that "self-repetition", "direct appeal for help", and "approximation" are the most frequently used strategies; there is a significant relationship between the frequency of compensation strategies use and proficiency i.e. the frequency of compensation strategies use increases as the level of language proficiency develops whereas no significant relationship was observed between strategy frequency and gender. Keywords: Compensation Strategies, Approximation, Circumlocution, Fillers, Repetition, Language Proficiency

Extracting Implicit Social Relation for Social Recommendation Techniques in User Rating Prediction

Recommendation plays an increasingly important role in our daily lives. Recommender systems automatically suggest items to users that might be interesting for them. Recent studies illustrate that incorporating social trust in Matrix Factorization methods demonstrably improves accuracy of rating prediction. Such approaches mainly use the trust scores explicitly expressed by users. However, it is often challenging to have users provide explicit trust scores of each other. There exist quite a few works, which propose Trust Metrics to compute and predict trust scores between users based on their interactions. In this paper, first we present how social relation can be extracted from users' ratings to items by describing Hellinger distance between users in recommender systems. Then, we propose to incorporate the predicted trust scores into social matrix factorization models. By analyzing social relation extraction from three well-known real-world datasets, which both: trust and recommendation data available, we conclude that using the implicit social relation in social recommendation techniques has almost the same performance compared to the actual trust scores explicitly expressed by users. Hence, we build our method, called Hell-TrustSVD, on top of the state-of-the-art social recommendation technique to incorporate both the extracted implicit social relations and ratings given by users on the prediction of items for an active user. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to extend TrustSVD with extracted social trust information. The experimental results support the idea of employing implicit trust into matrix factorization whenever explicit trust is not available, can perform much better than the state-of-the-art approaches in user rating prediction

How to investigate tax trial fairly and its Role on economic epic

One of the most significant purposes of economic epic is paying attention to the issue of tax in order to increase the government's revenue. This is possible through observing fair trial in the country's tax system which can lead to more national production, an eminent economic growth and an enormous decrease in the rate of unemployment. Having the right of the just trial includes a set of rules and regulations which are predicted to observe the rights of both sides while investigating their claims in Iran's tax system there are some positive points like compensating people's losses in case there are any violation ore mistakes by the authorities and tax agents, but there are some drawbacks such as lack of exemption of special endowments which requires clear laws to settle gender bias, lake of education about human rights and the constitution for tax agents. This article is going to make some recommendation to lower and eliminate these shortcomings. So fair trial in tax issues will lead to the respect of the laws and cooperating of people with the government and finally the decline of tax avoidance, which is one of the primary purposes of economic epic

How to investigate tax trial fairly and its Role on economic epic

One of the most significant purposes of economic epic is paying attention to the issue of tax in order to increase the government's revenue. This is possible through observing fair trial in the country's tax system which can lead to more national production, an eminent economic growth and an enormous decrease in the rate of unemployment. Having the right of the just trial includes a set of rules and regulations which are predicted to observe the rights of both sides while investigating their claims in Iran's tax system there are some positive points like compensating people's losses in case there are any violation ore mistakes by the authorities and tax agents, but there are some drawbacks such as lack of exemption of special endowments which requires clear laws to settle gender bias, lake of education about human rights and the constitution for tax agents. This article is going to make some recommendation to lower and eliminate these shortcomings. So fair trial in tax issues will lead to the respect of the laws and cooperating of people with the government and finally the decline of tax avoidance, which is one of the primary purposes of economic epic

Biological hydrogen production from synthetic wastewater by an anaerobic migrating blanket reactor: Artificial neural network (ANN) modeling

Background: This study aimed to evaluate an anaerobic migrating blanket reactor (AMBR) for biological hydrogen production, and also to investigate its capability to treat synthetic wastewater. Methods: A five-compartment AMBR (9 L effective volume) was made by Plexiglas and seeded with thermal pretreated anaerobic sludge at 100°C for 30 minutes. The AMBR was operated at mesophilic temperature (37 ± 1°C) with continuous fed of synthetic wastewater at five organic loading rates (OLRs) of 0.5 to 8 g COD/L.d. Results: It was revealed that as the OLR increased from 0.5 to 8 g COD/L.d, the hydrogen production and also volumetric hydrogen production rate (VHPR) improved. Increasing the OLR over this range, led to a decrease in the average hydrogen yield from 1.58 ± 0.34 to 0.97 ± 0.45 mol H2/mol glucose. The concentration of both volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and solvents kept increasing with OLR. During the AMBR operation, the dominant soluble end products (SEPs) were acetic and butyric acids in all of the OLRs studied. Conclusion: Based on the results, the hydrogen yield was related to the acetate/butyrate fermentation. The artificial neural network (ANN) model was well-fitted to the experimental obtained data from the AMBR, and was able to simulate the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and hydrogen production. Keywords: AMB reactor, Fatty acids, Fermentation, Hydrogen, Wastewater treatmen

Study of the Impacts of Educational Technology on Academic Progress of Students in Bamian Boys’ Center High School

The aim of this research was to study the impact of educational technology on the academic progress of Bamyan boys’ high school students in 1401 (2022). This research was applied in terms of purpose and a descriptive survey in terms of nature. Societal statistics of this research were the whole of 83 teachers at Bamian Boys’ High School. So, from the societal statistics, we used simple random sampling with confidence levels of 95% and 5% error for 70 people selected according to Morgan’s table and 64 of them answered the questionnaires. For data collection, a questionnaire measuring the attitude towards the use of technology in education (including 50 questions) was specially prepared for teachers and fixed to check their academic progress. SPSS 24 statistical software was used in data analysis. The research outcome indicates factors like the teacher’s understanding and the benefits of implementing educational technology and equipment’s effects on the academic progress of school students. The result means that a spiritual relationship exists between educational technology and the academic progress of students

Studying the Prevalence of Organizational Indifference in Bamyan University

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the prevalence of organizational indifference in Bamyan University. The research method was a descriptive method. The statistical population included all lecturers and employees of Bamyan University, whose total number reached (269). In this research, full sampling method was used and all members of the statistical community were selected as statistical samples. To collect data, organizational indifference questionnaire of Danaeefard, Hassanzadeh and Salarieh (2010) was used. The validity of the questionnaire was calculated using the item analysis method and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha scale, and its alpha coefficient was obtained (0.914). This questionnaire was sent to 269 people, of whom (214) responded. The data obtained at two levels (descriptive and inferential) were analyzed using the statistical methods of Pearson's correlation coefficient, one-sample t-test and IBM SPSS23 statistical software. The results of data analysis showed that the prevalence of organizational indifference and its dimensions are less than average level (Q2=3) and more than low level (Q1=2)