Patterns of Women's Enrolment in University Mathematics, Engineering and Computer Science in Canada, 1972-1995

Efforts to ensure equity for women in scientific and technological disciplines must precede, or at least accompany, efforts to persuade them to pursue these studies. To achieve gender equity in these disciplines, factors discouraging women from full participation in them should be removed. Many psychological, sociological and institutional factors have been identified as contributors to the under-representation of women in these fields. For the aim of understanding and appraising these factors, this study offers a factual characterization of women's enrolment levels in mathematics, engineering, and computer science in Canadian universities and the change in these levels over the period 1972 to 1995. Findings indicate that patterns of women's enrolment in these three dis- ciplines are vastly different, a fact which suggests that factors specific to each discipline interact with and modify the effects of the more general sociological and psychological obstacles impeding women's participa- tion in them.Tout effort qui vise à assurer l'équité féminine dans les disciplines scientifiques et technologiques doit précéder, ou du moins accompagner, tout effort employé pour persuader ces femmes à poursuivre leurs études dans ces domaines. Pour que l'équité se réalise pleinement à travers ces disciplines, il est important que tout facteur qui puisse décourager la pleine participation féminine dans ces disciplines soit éliminé. Plusieurs éléments psychologiques, sociologiques et institutionnels ont déjà été identifiés comme étant des facteurs contribuant à la faible représentation féminine dans ces disciplines. Cette étude offre une représentation factuelle des niveaux d'inscriptions féminines ainsi que les changements dans ces niveaux au cours de la période partant de 1972 à 1995. Les résultats de cette étude démontrent de vastes différences entre les niveaux d'inscriptions féminines de discipline en discipline, ce qui suggère que des facteurs propres à chaque discipline s'entremêlent et modifient les aspects plus généraux des obstacles sociologiques et psychologiques qui empêchent la pleine participation féminine dans ces domaines

Role of Social Media in Creating Awareness during COVID-19 Pandemic

Social media (SM) applications have played a critical role for the rapid dissemination of information during the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited insight is provided into the main reliable SM source for information and awareness about the pandemic. This study examines the role of SM applications in creating awareness during the pandemic in Saudi Arabia. The study used a quantitative approach and distributed an online questionnaire via SM platforms during October 2020 and received 343 valid responses from university students, healthcare professionals, and the public. Findings showed that despite the wide use of SM applications, the MOH website was the main source of information relied upon during the pandemic. Gender differences were found on the reliance of SM platforms for information. Developing SM policies and best-practice guidelines are necessary to better perceive SM applications as effective public health educational sources and awareness channels during crises

Potassium silicate for mitigation of irrigation water deficiency for Faba bean intercropped with sugar beet in a sandy soil

A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Ismailia governorate (Lat. 30° 35' 30" N, Long. 32° 14' 50" E, 10 m a.s.l.), Egypt, during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 growing seasons to determine the suitable rate of potassium silicate that could mitigate the effect of irrigation water deficiency on productivity of both faba bean and sugar beet under intercropping system. Three irrigation treatments (I1 (120% ETo), I2 (100% ETo) and I3 (80% ETo)) and three rates of sprayed potassium silicate (Si0 unsprayed-control), Si1 (200 ppm) and Si2 (300 ppm)) were used. The results showed the highest intercropped faba bean and sugar beet yields and their components were attained under spraying with Si1 under the three irrigation treatments in both growing seasons. Furthermore, spraying intercropped faba bean and sugar beet with Si1 under I2 and I3 relieved water deficiency and increased the yields, compared to no spraying. The 2-year average values of applied irrigation water to sugar beet intercropping system were 9252, 7730, 6184 m3/ha under I1, I2 and I3, respectively. Using cereal units analysis revealed that the highest values WUE and WP were found under application of I3, namely 0.29 CU/mm and 0.36 CU/mm for WUE and 0.24 CU/mm and 0.25 CU/mm for WP in the first and second seasons, respectively. The highest values of WER were 1.41 and 1.42 obtained from the interaction between irrigation with I2 and spraying with Si1 in the first and second season, respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that to mitigate the effect of irrigation deficiency applied to faba bean intercropped with sugar beet, spraying with 200 ppm of potassium silicate should be applied. Keywords: Deficit irrigation, potassium silicate, Cereal Units analysis, water use efficiency, water productivity, waterequivalent rati

The Effect of Parity Order and Season of Calving on Chemical Composition of Colostrum

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of parity order of season of calve on the chemical composition (protein, fat, lactose) of colostrum in cows. Twenty-four newly lactating cows of different parity numbers were chosen from the University of Khartoum Farm herd to investigate the chemical composition of colostrums. The study was carried out from September 2009 till September 2010. Duplicate samples of colostrum from each of the experimental animals were collected and analyzed. The highest colostrum protein content obtained during autumn was 14.40% while the lowest value was 8.90% obtained during the summer season. The results revealed that both parity and season of calving influenced the chemical components of colostrum during the three first days postpartum. Differences in colostrum composition be of different parities were significant. The highest protein value recorded in day one of the colostral period in the different parities was obtained in parity four and five (19.5% each). Comparing between calving season the highest colostral protein was obtained in the autumn calving seasons while the lowest value was recorded in the summer calving season (8.95%). The fat component results showed significant differences between the different parties. The highest fat content was recorded in the summer calving season (5.01%) and the lowest value was obtained in autumn samples (3.64%). Difference in fat content during the three colostral period days were non consistent. The lactose content, on the other hand, demonstrated significantly differences among different parities with non consistent, pattern in colostral days. The season of calving exerted significantly differences in lactose content with the highest value (7.10%) recorded n the autumn calving season and the least was recorded for the summer calving season (3.40%)

PENGGUNAAN METODE TEAM GAMES TURNAMEN (TGT) BERBANTU KAHOOT DAN QUIZIZZ TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR KREATIF PADA SISWA SMA

ABSTRAK Latar belakang dari penelian ini berupa implementasi dari karakteristik pembelajaran abad 21 bagi generasi revolusi industri 4.0. Pembelajaran bagi generasi milenia sangat berhubungan erat dengan pemanfaatan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEK). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan metode team games turnamen (TGT) berbantu kahoot dan quizizz terhadap hasil belajar dan kemampuan berfikir kreatif pada siswa SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experiment dengan desain penelitian non-equivalent control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas XI IPA di SMA Negeri 6 Cimahi. Kelas XI IPA 1 sebagai kelas kontrol, kelas XI IPA 2 sebagai kelas perlakuan dengan menggunakan Kahoot dan kelas XI IPA 3 sebagai kelas perlakuan dengan menggunakan Quizizz. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu soal pre-test dan post-test untuk mengukur hasil belajar siswa dengan model pembelajaran Team Games Tournamaent (TGT), soal essai Keterampilan Berfikir Kreatif siswa dan kuesioner respon siswa. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS 25,0. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan Kahoot dan Quizizz terhadap hasil belajar, keterampilan berfikir kreatif dan respon siswa SMA. Kelas perlakuan dengan menggunakan Kahoot menunjukan rata-rata hasil belajar, rata-rata keterampilan berfikir kreatif dan rata-rata respon siswa mendapat nilai lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan Quizizz dan kontrol. Sehingga pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan Kahoot dan Quizizz mempengaruhi hasil belajar, keterampilan berfikir kreatif dan respon pada siswa SMA. The background of this research is the implementation of the characteristics of 21st century learning for the generation of the industrial revolution 4.0. Learning for the millennial generation is closely related to the utilization of the development of science and technology (IPTEK). This study aims to determine the use of the team games tournament (TGT) method assisted with kahoot and quizizz on learning outcomes and creative thinking skills in high school students. The research method used was a quasi experiment with a non-equivalent control group design. This research was conducted on students of class XI IPA at SMA Negeri 6 Cimahi. Class XI IPA 1 as the control class, class XI IPA 2 as the treatment class using Kahoot and class XI IPA 3 as the treatment class using Quizizz. The instrument used was the pre-test and post-test questions to measure student learning outcomes with the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model, student Creative Thinking Skills essay questions and student response questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. The results showed that there was an effect of using Kahoot and Quizizz on learning outcomes, creative thinking skills and responses of high school students. The treatment class using Kahoot showed the average learning outcomes, the average creative thinking skills and the average student response scores higher than the Quizizz and controls. So that in this study it can be concluded that the use of Kahoot and Quizizz affects learning outcomes, creative thinking skills and responses in high school students

The Role of Jordanian Universities in Promoting Citizenship Values among Students

The researcher of this study aimed to explore the role of Jordanian universities in promoting citizenship values among students. She aimed to explore the degree to which Jordanian universities promote citizenship values among students. To be more specific, she aimed to explore the degree to which (the faculty members, student activities and curricula) in Jordanian universities promote citizenship values among students. She adopted a descriptive analytical approach. She developed a questionnaire. She selected a random stratified sample. She selected the sample from the faculty of educational sciences at 4 universities in Jordan (i.e. the University of Jordan, the Hashemite University, Yarmouk University and Mu’tah University). The sample consists from 950 female and male BA students through electronic means. Questionnaire forms were passed to the members of the sample. 923 forms were retrieved. The response rate is 97.15%.  Due to having missing data, 4 forms were excluded. Thus, the final sample consists from 919 students. The researcher found that the degree to which Jordanian universities promote citizenship values among students is high in all the areas jointly and separately. She recommends providing faculty members in Jordanian universities with training courses about the significance of promoting citizenship values among students. Keywords: Jordanian universities, citizenship values, students, Jordan DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-33-08 Publication date: November 30th 2020

Effect of Self Care Management on Nursing-Sensitive Patients’ Outcomes after Permanent Pacemaker Implantation

Context: Nursing is striving to build a knowledge base that supports professional practice and improves the quality of care.Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of self-care management guidelines on nursing-sensitive patients' outcomes after permanent pacemaker implantation.Methods: A quasi-experimental design was utilized in this study. A purposive sample of 50 patients was admitted to the cardiac catheterization unit at Ain Shams University Hospital after permanent pacemaker implantation during their follow-up visit. They are divided into two matched groups, study and control groups. Their mean age ±SD was 45.37±5.76, and 48.75±4.27 successively. Patient socio-demographic characteristic and medical data sheet, self-care management level assessment scale, and nursing-sensitive outcomes measuring scale were utilized to achieve the study aim.Results: The study results revealed positive outcomes for patients of the study group compared to the controls and their pre-implementation level of self-care guidelines.Conclusion: The study concludes that implementing self-care management guidelines positively enhances all dimensions of nursing-sensitive patients' outcomes, recommending that it be applied in all cardiac catheterization units and should be updated periodically to enhance self-care management for those patients based on nursing-sensitive outcomes classification

Simulation of broaching operations for tool design optimization

In this study, an approach for simulation of broaching operations is presented. The proposed approach calculates the cutting forces, power, maximum stress at the tooth root, chip thickness and rake angle distribution on all teeth, and the workpiece geometry evolution during the process. The developed algorithms are integrated in a computer software that can simulate a whole broaching process to predict various physical parameters and generate some performance measures. The model which is used to optimize the broaching process is briefly presented here together with the industrial applications