A Critical Analysis of the Mental Health First Aid Educational Intervention Developed by the National Council for Behavioral Health

In Berrien County, Michigan, the priority health need identified among students was mental health. The objective of this study is to critically analyze the Mental Health First Aid educational intervention developed by the National Council of Behavioral Health for family members and health professionals. Spirituality was identified as a negative factor affecting mental health on the survey. It is important for mental health professionals to acknowledge the protective role of spirituality against mental illness as pointed out in the scientific literature

Anticarcinogenic, Antitumor, and Antifungal Properties of Allium Sativum (Garlic)

In this study the antimutagenic/anticarcinogenic, immune enhancing, antitumor and antifungal effects of a crude extract and organosulfur compounds of garlic were determined. Diallyl sulfide (DAS), and ajoene each at 100 /xg/ml, and garlic extract (GE, 12.5 mg/ml) inhibited rat liver 9000 X g supernatant (S- 9) dependent mutagenesis in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 induced by either aflatoxin B1 (AFB^ or benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). The garlic compounds were shown to inhibit the binding of [3H]AFB1 to calf thymus DNA and the formation of specific AFB1-DNA adducts. These effects on mutagenesis and DNA binding correlated with an inhibition of the metabolism of [3H]AFB1. Ajoene and DAS did not effect glutathione-S-transferase, an enzyme important to the conjugation of compounds to glutathione. GE was tested for its effects on immune function in a murine model by injecting C3H/He mice with Candida albicans. GE appeared to control C. albicans as exhibited in blood and kidney cultures. Peritoneal exudate cells obtained for chemiluminescent assays from garlic-treated mice exhibited an increased oxidative burst. The cytotoxic effects of diallyl disulfide (DADS, 5-200 /xg/ml), DAS (200 /ig/ml), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS, 5-400 /xg/ml) and allyl methyl sulfide (AMS, 5-400 /xg/ml), were determined with in vitro cultures of MBT-2, R3327, HL-60 and K562 tumor cells. DADS exhibited toxicity against all the tumor cell lines tested. DMDS was cytotoxic to K562 tumor cells and AMS was cytotoxic to MBT-2 cells. The effects of DADS, DAS, DMDS and AMS on the in vitro growth of C. albicans were investigated. Inhibitory concentrations mg/ml of DAS, DMDS, AMS and DADS were in the range of 0.625 - 1.250, 5 - 20, 10 - 20 and 156-625 /ig/ml respectively. The results of this study suggest that garlic compounds inhibited rat liver S-9 mediated AFB, metabolite binding to calf thymus DNA, AFBrDNA adduct formation and AFBrinduced mutagenesis in S. typhimurium TA100 by inhibition of microsomal mixed-function oxidase activity. Garlic compounds exhibited antifungal activity and enhanced phagocytic activity. In addition, garlic compounds were cytotoxic to several tumor cell lines

Value relevance of financial information: A comparative study of pre- and post- implementation of Indian accounting standards

In 2016, India implemented new accounting standards, Ind AS, aligning with IFRS to increase transparency in the financial reporting of Indian companies. This study examines the value relevance of financial information in India before and after the adoption of Indian accounting standards (Ind AS) by comparing the published financial statements in pre- and post-Ind AS periods and determines the influence of financial information on the market price of shares. The study period is for twelve years, from 2011 to 2022, divided into 2011–2016 (pre-Ind AS period) and 2017–2022 (post-Ind AS period). To evaluate the value relevance of financial information, the Ohlson pricing model is employed on the panel data of the blue-chip companies listed in the Nifty 50 Index. The results from the Least Squares regression reveal that the net cash from investing activities, profit-after-tax, and book-value-per-share were relevant for investment decisions prior to the adoption of the Ind AS. In contrast, the profit-after-tax had no explanatory power during the post-Ind AS period. However, the net cash from investing activities and the book-value-per-share significantly influenced the market price of equity since the implementation of Ind AS. The value relevance of the accounting statements was superior in the pre-Ind AS period compared to the post-Ind AS

Optimized Architecture for AES

This paper presents a highly optimized architecture for Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) by dividing and merging (combining) different sub operations in AES algorithm. The proposed architecture uses ten levels of pipelining to achieve higher throughput and uses Block-RAM utility to reduce slice utilization which subsequently increases the efficiency. It achieves the data stream of 57 Gbps at 451 MHz working frequency and obtains 36% improvement in efficiency to the best known similar design throughput per area (Throughput/Area) and 35% smaller in slice area. This architecture can easily be embedded with other modules because of significantly reduced slice utilization

Development of Smartphone-based ECL Sensor for Dopamine Detection: Practical Approaches

In this work, a compact, mobile phone-based ECL sensor apparatus was developed using the phone cameras, screen-printed electrodes (SPE), and mobile app for dopamine detection. Methods of DC voltage application for ECL reaction were comprehensively studied from the mobile phone itself or external power. Under optimized sensing conditions, with disposable carbon SPE and 20 mM coreactant tri-n-propylamine (TPrA), acceptable repeatability and reproducibility were achieved in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD) of intra- and interassays, which were 6.7 and 5.5%, respectively. The biochemical compound dopamine was measured due to its ECL quenching characteristics and its clinical importance. The quenching mechanism of Ru(bpy)32+/TPrA by dopamine was investigated based on the estimation of the constants of the Stern-Volmer equations. The linear range for detectable dopamine concentration was from 1.0 to 50 μM (R2 = 0.982). As the developed mobile phone-based ECL sensor is simple, small and assembled from low-cost components, it offers new opportunities for the development of inexpensive analytical methods and compact sensors

An outbreak of cholera in Medipally village, Andhra Pradesh, India, 2013

Background: Cholera continues to remain endemic in over 50 countries and has caused large epidemics with around 3\u20135 million cases occurring every year in Asia alone. In India, cholera is endemic in many states. However, etiological information and age-specific incidence related to cholera outbreaks is limited. In November 2013, district authorities reported a cluster of diarrheal disease among residents of Medipally to the state surveillance unit. We investigated this cluster to confirm its etiology, describe its magnitude, identify potential risk factors, and make recommendations for control. Findings: A house-to-house active search was conducted to identify cases of acute diarrhea and collect information on drinking water source. Drinking water samples were collected from common water sources and sampled households to test for bacteriological quality. Ten stool samples were collected for culture. A matched case\u2013control study was conducted to identify the risk factors. A total of 138 case-patients of diarrhea (Attack rate: 11.5/100; Population: 15 1,200) and 1 death (Case Fatality Ratio: 0.72/100) were identified. Five of the 10 stool samples were culture positive for V. cholerae, serogroup O1 El Tor. Drinking water from the overhead tank [Adjusted OR (AOR): 31.94, 95 % CI: 7.3-139.5] was associated with risk of developing illness. Conclusions: This outbreak affected nearly 11% of the village population and was due to contamination of the main drinking water source. Outbreaks such as this can be prevented by constructing the drain away from the water pipelines and by monitoring regular chlorination of drinking water source and inspection of pipelines for damage

On unitarizability in the case of classical p-adic groups

In the introduction of this paper we discuss a possible approach to the unitarizability problem for classical p-adic groups. In this paper we give some very limited support that such approach is not without chance. In a forthcoming paper we shall give additional evidence in generalized cuspidal rank (up to) three.Comment: This paper is a merged and revised version of ealier preprints arXiv:1701.07658 and arXiv:1701.07662. The paper is going to appear in the Proceedings of the Simons Symposium on Geometric Aspects of the Trace Formul

Assessing the symptoms of Internet Gaming Disorder among college/university students: An international validation study of a self-report

The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of a self-report scale for assessing Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) symptoms according to the DSM-5 and ICD-11 among 3270 college/university students (2095 [64.1%] females; age mean 21.6 [3.1] years) from different countries worldwide. Croatian, English, Polish, Portuguese, Serbian, Turkish, and Vietnamese versions of the scale were tested. The study showed that symptoms of IGD could be measured as a single underlying factor among college/university students. A nine item-symptom scale following DSM-5, and a short four-item scale representing the main ICD-11 symptoms, had sound internal consistency and construct validity. Three symptom-items were found non-invariant across the language samples (i.e., preoccupation with on-line gaming, loss of interests in previous hobbies and entertainment, and the use of gaming to relieve negative moods). This study provides initial evidence for assessing IGD symptoms among college/university students and will hopefully foster further research into gaming addiction in this population worldwide especially with taking into account language/cultural differences

SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity are associated with genetic variants affecting gene expression in a variety of tissues

Variability in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity between individuals is partly due to genetic factors. Here, we identify 4 genomic loci with suggestive associations for SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and 19 for COVID-19 disease severity. Four of these 23 loci likely have an ethnicity-specific component. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals in 11 loci colocalize with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) associated with the expression of 20 genes in 62 tissues/cell types (range: 1:43 tissues/gene), including lung, brain, heart, muscle, and skin as well as the digestive system and immune system. We perform genetic fine mapping to compute 99% credible SNP sets, which identify 10 GWAS loci that have eight or fewer SNPs in the credible set, including three loci with one single likely causal SNP. Our study suggests that the diverse symptoms and disease severity of COVID-19 observed between individuals is associated with variants across the genome, affecting gene expression levels in a wide variety of tissue types