Functional compounds of einkorn and emmer genotypes

Three einkorn and two emmer genotypes were analysed for concentration of microelements (Fe, Zn and Se) and lipid soluble antioxidants (α-tocopherol, α-tocotrienol and β-carotene). A diversity was observed in micronutrient content, but most of the genotypes have significantly higher trace element and antioxidant contents than the control wheat variety. The emmer genotypes contain lower Fe and β-carotene concentration than einkorn genotypes. The einkorn genotypes have significant higher antioxidant content than the wheat control. On average einkorn has more than three times more β-carotene than the wheat variety. Our results are useful for species/variety choice in functional food production not only for organic but also for conventional farmers, who have/want to operate under low input conditions, especially in Central Europe

Aha! Vivat Homo Sapiens

Program for the twelfth and final annual RISD Cabaret held in the Cellar at the top of the Waterman Building.https://digitalcommons.risd.edu/liberalarts_cabaret_programs/1011/thumbnail.jp

Terrestrial gastropods of the Carpathian beech forest in the Magura National Park (SE. Poland)

The malacocoenosis of rich Carpathian beech forest Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum of the Magura National Park includes 26 species. The most abundant species in quantitative samples was Carychium tridentatum (Risso), in qualitative samples – Macrogastra latestriata (A. Schmidt). The mean density was 86 indiv. m–2. Dominant species were C. tridentatum, Aegopinella pura (Alder) and Vitrea crystallina (O. F. Müller). The species diversity index H’ (2.2) and the Pielou index J (30%) were low. The community included mostly typical forestdwellers. Biogeographically, montane, C. European (lowland and highland), and European components dominated. In its structure the malacocoenosis was much similar to that of the Carpathian beech forest of the Pieniny National Park. Shell parameters in the population of Macrogastra latestriata differed from those found in the Beskid Zachodni and were close to those from the Eastern Carpathian foothills

Structure of Chelerythrine Base

The structure of chelerythrine free base was examined. When chelerythrine chloride [1b] was treated with aqueous K2CO3 solution, bis[6-(5,6-dihydrochelerythrinyl)] ether [3] was obtained. An excess of aqueous ammonia under the same conditions yielded bis[6-(5,6-dihydrochelerythrinyl)] amine [4]. The structures of both derivatives were determined by elemental analysis, ir, 1D and 2D nmr, eims, and cims. The formation of an unstable hydroxy adduce 2a (pseudobase) was observed in H-1-nmr experiments only

Structure of sanguinarine base

The structure of sanguinarine free base was examined. The base is either bis[6-(5,6-dihydrosanguinarinyl)] ether (3) or bis[6-(5,6-dihydrosanguinarinyl)]amine (4) depending on whether Na2CO3 or NH3, respectively, is used as an alkalizing agent. Oxysanguinarine (5) was identified as a side product formed by disproportionation of the pseudobase intermediate 2a

Διερεύνηση συστημάτων ιχνηλασιμότητας σε βιομηχανίες πουλερικών

Η παρούσα πτυχιακή διατριβή ασχολείται με την εφαρμογή της διαδικασίας της ιχνηλασιμότητα στις βιομηχανίες παραγωγής τροφίμων και την ενσωμάτωση του συστήματος της σε αυτές. Εστιάζει στις βιομηχανίες παραγωγής νωπού κοτόπουλου και προϊόντων και υπογραμμίζει ότι η εφαρμογή της ιχνηλασιμότητας είναι απαραίτητη. Συγκεκριμένα στο πρώτο μέρος γίνεται αναφορά και περιγραφή κάποιων γενικών στοιχείων που αφορούν τα συστήματα ιχνηλασιμότητας και τονίζεται η ανάγκη εφαρμογής στις βιομηχανίες. Επιπρόσθετα, αναφέρονται κίνδυνοι από την κατανάλωση κοτόπουλων και τυχόν ασθένειες που μπορεί να προκληθούν στον άνθρωπο. Στο δεύτερο μέρος, γίνεται μία ανασκόπηση για την παγκόσμια και επικρατούσα κατάσταση αναφορικά με τα συστήματα ιχνηλασιμότητας (μέλλον, παρόν και αποτυχίες εφαρμογής με προοπτικές). Έπειτα, στο τρίτο μέρος, αναλύεται το σύστημα ιχνηλασιμότητας και ανάκλησης που εφαρμόζεται σε τοπική, σημαντική βιομηχανία εκτροφής, σφαγής και παραγωγής προϊόντων πουλερικών. Η ανάλυση επικεντρώνεται από το σημείο τεμαχισμού μέχρι τη διάθεση των προϊόντων στην αγορά. Τελικώς, στο τέταρτο σκέλος, καταγράφονται προβλήματα στη διαχείριση του υποφαινόμενου συστήματος ιχνηλασιμότητας και δίνονται προτάσεις βελτίωσής του, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τα όσα ερευνήθηκαν και καταγράφθηκαν στο πρώτο και δεύτερο μέρος της πτυχιακής διατριβής.This project deals with the traceability systems which apply in food industries and describes how important its implementation is. It focuses in poultry production chains and underlines the importance of applying the traceability system in food industries. Particularly, in the first part general clues about traceability are mentioned and why the system is important. Additionally, the risks and human diseases that can be caused by consuming poultry products are listed. In the second part, an overview of the globally and applicable traceability systems are given while the present, future and application failures with prospects are discussed. In the third part, the traceability procedure of a major, local poultry meat producer is described. The description focuses from cutting to the market. The fourth part, deals with problems in managing the underlying traceability system and recommendations for improvement are given, taking into account what has been investigated in the first and second part of the dissertation

Optical and electrical properties of highly doped ZnO:Al films deposited by atomic layer deposition on Si substrates in visible and near infrared region

Optical properties of ZnO films doped by Al in the range 0.5 to 7 at.% and deposited by atomic layer deposition were studied in visible and infrared spectral range. Spectral dependences of film optical permittivity were modeled with the Lorentz-Drude approximation resulting in ZnO:Al plasma frequency and plasma damping parameters. We observed changing electron effective mass from 0.29m₀ to 0.5m₀ with increasing electron concentration in the range (0.9-4) × 10²⁰ due to the phenomenon of conduction band non-parabolicity. Comparing the results of optical and electrical investigations we can see that the main scattering mechanism is the scattering on grain boundaries (its contribution is about 60%)

Distinct leukocyte populations and cytokine secretion profiles define tumoral and peritumoral areas in renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy frequently diagnosed at the metastatic stage. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in RCC patients, including the peritumoral tissue microenvironment, to characterize the phenotypic patterns and functional characteristics of infiltrating immune cells. T cells from various compartments (peripheral blood, tumor, peritumoral area, and adjacent healthy renal tissue) were assessed using flow cytometry and Luminex analyses, both before and after T cell-specific stimulation, to evaluate activation status and migratory potential. Our findings demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) exhibited heightened cytokine production compared to peritumoral T cells (pTILs), acting as the primary source of cytotoxic markers (IFN-γ, granzyme B, and FasL). CD8 <sup>+</sup> T cells primarily employed Fas Ligand for cytotoxicity, while CD4 <sup>+</sup> T cells relied on CD107a. In addition, a statistically significant negative correlation between patient mortality and the presence of CD4 <sup>+</sup> CD107 <sup>+</sup> pTILs was demonstrated. The engagement with the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway was also more evident in CD4 <sup>+</sup> and CD8 <sup>+</sup> pTILs as opposed to TILs. PD-L1 expression in the non-leukocyte fraction of the tumor tissue was relatively lower than in their leukocytic counterparts and upon stimulation, peripheral blood T cells displayed much stronger responses to stimulation than TILs and pTILs. Our results suggest that tumor and peritumoral T cells exhibit limited responsiveness to additional activation signals, while peripheral T cells retain their capacity to respond to stimulatory signals