26 research outputs found
The study of the radial location of quasi-coherent modes by heavy ion beam probe in the TJ-II stellarator
Recent experiments in low magnetic shear flexible heliac TJ-II have shown that steady frequency and chirping
AlfvΓ©n Eigenmodes take place with 100 kHz< fAE <300 kHz at both pure NBI and combined ECR and NBI heated
plasmas with low line-averaged density ne = (0.3β¦1.5)Γ10ΒΉβΉ mβ»Β³
at Low Field Side (LFS) and High Field Side
(HFS) of the plasma column. Furthermore, several types of low-frequency modes with f < 30 kHz, such as
suprathermal electrostatic modes, tearing-like modes, quasicoherent modes with long-range potential correlations,
were also observed. Power spectra for electrostatic and electromagnetic oscillations for all types of modes are
presented along with their spatial location detected by dual Heavy Ion Beam Probe (HIBP).ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡ TJ-II ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ
100 ΠΊΠΡ< fAE <300 ΠΊΠΡ Π·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π· ΡΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π·
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ¦Π -Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²
ne = (0,3 β¦ 1,5)Γ10ΒΉβΉ ΠΌβ»Β³. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΡΠΌ
ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ TJ-II ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ f <30 ΠΊΠΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ Π·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ
Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΡΡΠ½Π³-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ±Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Ρ, ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ. Π£ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π°
ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΡ Π·Π³Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π²Π°
Π΄ΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π²Π°ΠΆΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ², ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ (AXUV-Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈ).ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ TJ-II ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅
100 ΠΊΠΡ< fAE <300 ΠΊΠΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠ¦Π -Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²
ne = (0,3β¦1,5)Γ10ΒΉβΉ ΠΌβ»Β³. ΠΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅
ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ TJ-II Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ f < 30 ΠΊΠΡ, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π³-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ,
Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ. Π
ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²,
ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ (AXUV-Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ)
High-intensity cesium ion beams for HIBP diagnostics
The goal of the research is to expand the capabilities of the heavy ion beam probing (HIBP) diagnostic. HIBP is a unique diagnostic, capable to measure plasma potential, density and their fluctuations, as well as the poloidal magnetic field fluctuations in the core and edge plasmas. The sensitivity of the diagnostic is determined by the level of the output signal related to the instrumental noise. The level of the probing beam current should be as high as possible, especially for measurements at the periphery with low output signal due to low plasma density, and in the core, where the beam is attenuated due to the high plasma density. Optimization experiments have shown the possibility of ion beam forming in the current range from 40 to 800 ΞΌA.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ β ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΆΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² (ΠΠΠΠΠ). ΠΠΠΠΠ β ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° Π΄ΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½Π° Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π», Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈ. Π§ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΌΡ. Π ΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΌΡ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ Π±ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π° Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π· Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΡ Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ, Π΄Π΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π±Π»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡ Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π· ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° Π² Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΌΡ 40β¦800 ΠΌΠΊΠ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² (ΠΠΠΠ’Π). ΠΠΠΠ’Π β ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π», ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ. Π§ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΌΠ°. Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° 40β¦800 ΠΌΠΊΠ
A dual heavy ion beam probe diagnostic on the TJ-II stellarator
The aim of the report is to show the development of HIBP diagnostics on the TJ-II stellarator and, as a result, the expansion of the range of plasma parameters measurements. The first Heavy Ion Beam Probe (HIBP-1) diagnostic is being used on TJ-II stellarator since 2000. It has been shown significant progress in the measurements of plasma profiles and oscillations. The second HIBP-2 system was installed on TJ-II in 2012. Dual HIBP system, consisting of two identical HIBP-1 and HIBP-2 located ΒΌ torus apart, provides the measurement of the long-range correlations of plasma parameters in the full plasma column. Low noise high gain (10β· V/A) preamplifiers with 1 Hz bandwidth sampling is used. They allow to study broadband turbulence and quasi-coherent modes like geodesic acoustic modes, Alfven eigenmodes, suprathermal electron induced modes, etc. New capabilities of the dual HIBP diagnostic in plasma potential and density investigations were demonstrated on TJ-II stellarator in the measurements of the correlation between fluctuations in different poloidal and toroidal locations: on the same field line, on the same magnetic surface or on different magnetic surfaces at different points, separated toroidally and/or poloidally.ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡ TJ-II ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΡΠΉΠ½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΆΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² (ΠΠΠΠΠ). Π‘ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ Π· Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ², ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΒΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π² Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈ Π² 2000 ΡΠΎΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π±ΡΠ² Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² 2012 ΡΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ² Π· Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΌΡ (10β· Π/A) Π· ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΡ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ 1 ΠΠΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΡΡΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΡΠΊ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ; Π°Π»ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ; ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ, ΡΠΊΡ Π·Π±ΡΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΉ ΠΌΡΠΆ ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡ
: Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ, Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π±ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°/Π°Π±ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ.ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ TJ-II ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π° Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² (ΠΠΠΠ’Π). Π‘ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΒΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π» Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π² 2000 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² 2012 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΌΠ° (10β· Π/A) ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ 1 ΠΠΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ; Π°Π»ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ; ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ.Π΄. ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
: Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
, Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ
Overview of recent TJ-II stellarator results
The main results obtained in the TJ-II stellarator in the last two years are reported. The most important topics investigated have been modelling and validation of impurity transport, validation of gyrokinetic simulations, turbulence characterisation, effect of magnetic configuration on transport, fuelling with pellet injection, fast particles and liquid metal plasma facing components. As regards impurity transport research, a number of working lines exploring several recently discovered effects have been developed: the effect of tangential drifts on stellarator neoclassical transport, the impurity flux driven by electric fields tangent to magnetic surfaces and attempts of experimental validation with Doppler reflectometry of the variation of the radial electric field on the flux surface. Concerning gyrokinetic simulations, two validation activities have been performed, the comparison with measurements of zonal flow relaxation in pellet-induced fast transients and the comparison with experimental poloidal variation of fluctuations amplitude. The impact of radial electric fields on turbulence spreading in the edge and scrape-off layer has been also experimentally characterized using a 2D Langmuir probe array. Another remarkable piece of work has been the investigation of the radial propagation of small temperature perturbations using transfer entropy. Research on the physics and modelling of plasma core fuelling with pellet and tracer-encapsulated solid-pellet injection has produced also relevant results. Neutral beam injection driven AlfvΓ©nic activity and its possible control by electron cyclotron current drive has been examined as well in TJ-II. Finally, recent results on alternative plasma facing components based on liquid metals are also presented. ISSN:0029-5515 ISSN:1741-432
Crop residue, manure and fertilizer in dryland maize under reduced tillage in northern China: I grain yields and nutrient use efficiencies
Recommended from our members
Advancing crop disease early warning in South Asia by complementing expert surveys with internet media scraping
Publication status: PublishedFunder: Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100020171Funder: Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100015815AbstractWheat contributes oneβfifth of the global food supply with an estimated 29% of global production in low and lowerβmiddle income countries. As production expands across southern Asia, yields are often negatively impacted by outbreaks of fungal rust diseases. A wheat rust early warning and advisory system comprising surveillance, near realβtime disease risk forecasts and advisory dissemination has been established in two target countries in South Asia, including Nepal and Bangladesh. However, as wheat rust spores can be aerially transmitted over long distances, near realβtime estimates of disease incidence are required from sources of infection in neighbouring regions. To address this challenge, we developed and tested a novel algorithm to generate proxy observations of infection sources using online media reports in two neighbouring countries, India and Pakistan. Media sampling could provide an effective alternative where data from ground surveys are not readily available in near realβtime. Our results show that west Nepal was exposed to a substantial inoculum pressure from aerially dispersed stripe rust spores originating from India and Pakistan. There were no outbreaks of stripe rust disease in Bangladesh with only very low levels of crossβborder dispersion and generally unfavourable environmental conditions for infection. We further describe how proxy observations informed farmer decisionβmaking in near realβtime in Nepal and filled a knowledge gap in identifying early sources of infection for a major outbreak of stripe rust during 2020 in Nepal. Our results highlight the importance of international cooperation in mitigating transboundary plant pathogens.</jats:p
Climate variability and yield risk in South Asiaβs riceβwheat systems: emerging evidence from Pakistan
Observation of Oscillatory Radial Electric Field Relaxation in a Helical Plasma
Measurements of the relaxation of a zonal electrostatic potential
perturbation in a non-axisymmetric magnetically confined plasma are presented.
A sudden perturbation of the plasma equilibrium is induced by the injection of
a cryogenic hydrogen pellet in the TJ-II stellarator, which is observed to be
followed by a damped oscillation in the electrostatic potential. The waveform
of the relaxation is consistent with theoretical calculations of zonal
potential relaxation in a non-axisymmetric magnetic geometry. The turbulent
transport properties of a magnetic confinement configuration are expected to
depend on the features of the collisionless damping of zonal flows, of which
the present letter is the first direct observation
Observation of oscillatory radial electric field relaxation in a helical plasma
Measurements of the relaxation of a zonal electrostatic potential perturbation in a non-axisymmetric magnetically confined plasma are presented. A sudden perturbation of the plasma equilibrium is induced by the injection of a cryogenic hydrogen pellet in the TJ-II stellarator, which is observed to be followed by a damped oscillation in the electrostatic potential. The waveform of the relaxation is consistent with theoretical calculations of zonal potential relaxation in a non-axisymmetric magnetic geometry. The turbulent transport properties of a magnetic confinement configuration are expected to depend on the features of the collisionless damping of zonal flows, of which the present letter is the first direct observation