3,228 research outputs found
MOON: A Mixed Objective Optimization Network for the Recognition of Facial Attributes
Attribute recognition, particularly facial, extracts many labels for each
image. While some multi-task vision problems can be decomposed into separate
tasks and stages, e.g., training independent models for each task, for a
growing set of problems joint optimization across all tasks has been shown to
improve performance. We show that for deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)
facial attribute extraction, multi-task optimization is better. Unfortunately,
it can be difficult to apply joint optimization to DCNNs when training data is
imbalanced, and re-balancing multi-label data directly is structurally
infeasible, since adding/removing data to balance one label will change the
sampling of the other labels. This paper addresses the multi-label imbalance
problem by introducing a novel mixed objective optimization network (MOON) with
a loss function that mixes multiple task objectives with domain adaptive
re-weighting of propagated loss. Experiments demonstrate that not only does
MOON advance the state of the art in facial attribute recognition, but it also
outperforms independently trained DCNNs using the same data. When using facial
attributes for the LFW face recognition task, we show that our balanced (domain
adapted) network outperforms the unbalanced trained network.Comment: Post-print of manuscript accepted to the European Conference on
Computer Vision (ECCV) 2016
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-46454-1_
Neural network model of binaural hearing based on spatial feature extraction of the head related transfer function
In spatial hearing, complex valued head-related transfer function (HRTF) can be represented as a real valued head-related impulse response (HRIR). Using Karhunen-Loeve expansion, the spatial features of the normalized HRIRs on measurement space can be extracted as spatial character functions. A neural network model based on Von-Mises function is used to approximate the discrete spatial character function of HRIR. As a result, a time-domain binaural model is established and it fits the measured HRIRs well.published_or_final_versio
Allergy in Hong Kong: an unmet need in service provision and training
published_or_final_versio
Structured Landmark Detection via Topology-Adapting Deep Graph Learning
Image landmark detection aims to automatically identify the locations of
predefined fiducial points. Despite recent success in this field,
higher-ordered structural modeling to capture implicit or explicit
relationships among anatomical landmarks has not been adequately exploited. In
this work, we present a new topology-adapting deep graph learning approach for
accurate anatomical facial and medical (e.g., hand, pelvis) landmark detection.
The proposed method constructs graph signals leveraging both local image
features and global shape features. The adaptive graph topology naturally
explores and lands on task-specific structures which are learned end-to-end
with two Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs). Extensive experiments are
conducted on three public facial image datasets (WFLW, 300W, and COFW-68) as
well as three real-world X-ray medical datasets (Cephalometric (public), Hand
and Pelvis). Quantitative results comparing with the previous state-of-the-art
approaches across all studied datasets indicating the superior performance in
both robustness and accuracy. Qualitative visualizations of the learned graph
topologies demonstrate a physically plausible connectivity laying behind the
landmarks.Comment: Accepted to ECCV-20. Camera-ready with supplementary materia
Combining Contrast Invariant L1 Data Fidelities with Nonlinear Spectral Image Decomposition
This paper focuses on multi-scale approaches for variational methods and
corresponding gradient flows. Recently, for convex regularization functionals
such as total variation, new theory and algorithms for nonlinear eigenvalue
problems via nonlinear spectral decompositions have been developed. Those
methods open new directions for advanced image filtering. However, for an
effective use in image segmentation and shape decomposition, a clear
interpretation of the spectral response regarding size and intensity scales is
needed but lacking in current approaches. In this context, data
fidelities are particularly helpful due to their interesting multi-scale
properties such as contrast invariance. Hence, the novelty of this work is the
combination of -based multi-scale methods with nonlinear spectral
decompositions. We compare with scale-space methods in view of
spectral image representation and decomposition. We show that the contrast
invariant multi-scale behavior of promotes sparsity in the spectral
response providing more informative decompositions. We provide a numerical
method and analyze synthetic and biomedical images at which decomposition leads
to improved segmentation.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, conference SSVM 201
Elevated 5hmC levels characterize DNA of the cerebellum in Parkinson’s disease
5-methylcytosine and the oxidation product 5-hydroxymethylcytosine are two prominent epigenetic variants of the cytosine base in nuclear DNA of mammalian brains. We measured levels of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in DNA from post-mortem cerebella of individuals with Parkinson’s disease and age-matched controls. 5-methylcytosine levels showed no significant differences between Parkinson’s disease and control DNA sample sets. In contrast, median 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels were almost twice as high (p < 0.001) in both male and female Parkinson’s disease individuals compared with controls. The distinct epigenetic profile identified in cerebellar DNA of Parkinson’s disease patients raises the question whether elevated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels are a driver or a consequence of Parkinson’s disease
Hypoxia causes transgenerational impairments in reproduction of fish
published_or_final_versio
Structural basis for the RING catalyzed synthesis of K63 linked ubiquitin chains
This work was supported by grants from Cancer Research UK (C434/A13067), the Wellcome Trust (098391/Z/12/Z) and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/J016004/1).The RING E3 ligase catalysed formation of lysine 63 linked ubiquitin chains by the Ube2V2–Ubc13 E2 complex is required for many important biological processes. Here we report the structure of the RING domain dimer of rat RNF4 in complex with a human Ubc13~Ub conjugate and Ube2V2. The structure has captured Ube2V2 bound to the acceptor (priming) ubiquitin with Lys63 in a position that could lead to attack on the linkage between the donor (second) ubiquitin and Ubc13 that is held in the active “folded back” conformation by the RING domain of RNF4. The interfaces identified in the structure were verified by in vitro ubiquitination assays of site directed mutants. This represents the first view of the synthesis of Lys63 linked ubiquitin chains in which both substrate ubiquitin and ubiquitin-loaded E2 are juxtaposed to allow E3 ligase mediated catalysis.PostprintPeer reviewe
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