Assessment the effect of diabetes education on self-care behaviors and glycemic control in the Turkey Nursing Diabetes Education Evaluating Project (TURNUDEP): a multi-center study

Background: Diabetes education in Turkey is provided by diabetes nurse educators in almost all healthcare organizations. However, the education is not standardized in terms of learning content, duration, and methods. This multi-center study was performed to assess the self-care behaviors and glycemic control following education provided to the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by diabetes nurse educators. Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study and included 1535 patients admitted to 28 public hospitals for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The education was assessed by using a Patient Identification Form and Self-care Scale. Results: The proportion of individuals who received diabetes education within the last year was 78.5%, with 46.7% of them having received it once. Of the patients, 84.8% reported that they received diabetes education individually. It was found that the proportion of individuals who received education about oral antidiabetics (78.5%) and glucose testing at home (78.5%) was higher than the proportion of individuals who received education about exercise (58.8%) and foot care (61.6%). The status of diabetes education, education intervals, and the correlation of the education method with self-care and glycemic control was evaluated. Self-care and glycemic control levels were better among the patients who received diabetes education thrice or more and in patients who received education both individually and in a group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Approximately three-quarters of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus received education by diabetes nurse educators in Turkey. Diabetes education is positively correlated with self-care and glycemic control levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Efforts for generalization and standardized education for all diabetes patients are necessary. © 2022, The Author(s)

The first external quality assurance laboratory proficiencyassessment study of national antimicrobial resistancesurveillance system in Turkey

© 2018, Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA).Objective: National Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (NAMRSS) was established aiming to determine and track the percentage of antimicrobial resistance in Turkey, and in order to assure the reliability of the system, an external quality assurance laboratory proficiency assessment was performed in September 2011, for the first time. Methods: Four bacterial strains were sent to 77 participating laboratories. The laboratories were asked to perform the bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) according to standard operating procedures of NAMRSS and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The results were collected using a web-based questionnaire and the data were analysed using SPSS 15.00. Bacterial identification scoring was defined as ten points when genus and species were accurately defined, eight points when genus was accurate but species was wrong, and zero point when it was misdiagnosed or not reported or contaminated. AST scoring included ten points per antibiotic when the result was correct. Two points were subtracted in case of a minor error (reported as susceptible or resistant when intermediate) and ten points in the case of a major or very major error (reported resistant when susceptable or as susceptible when resistant, respectively) during AST. The threshold value was determined as 70%. Results: From the system, 68 laboratories had sent data and analysed. For Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa the success percentage for the identification of were 92.6%; 91.2%; 89.7% and 98.5%, respectively; and for AST the median/maximum score that could be achieved were 50/80; 28/50; 40/40 and 60/60, respectively. When the success percentages were classified as ≤69.99%; 70.00%-89.99% and ≥ 90.00%, the distribution of the number of the laboratories were 10; 48; and 10 for the success percentage classes, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, the system was considered reliable