Células solares ultrafinas de Cu (In,Ga)Se2 : passivação de interfaces

CIES2020 - XVII Congresso Ibérico e XIII Congresso Ibero-americano de Energia SolarRESUMO: A comunidade de Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) tem focado grande parte da sua investigação no estudo e melhoramento das propriedades cristalinas do CIGS.A última estratégia utilizada, que tem permitido aumentar o valor de eficiência das células solares, passa pela implementação de elementos alcalinos através de tratamentos pós-deposição (PDT). Para se atingir valores de conversão de eficiência competitivos é necessário melhorar as interfaces do CIGS. Neste estudo, focamo-nos no estudo das propriedades morfológicas, estruturais e optoelectrónicas entre o CIGS e a alumina (Al2O3), que tem o potencial de ser usada como camada passivadora frontal. Pode-se concluir que as propriedades morfológicas e estruturais não são alteradas devido à deposição do Al2O3. O Al2O3 não resiste ao banho químico usado para a deposição do CdS. O Al2O3 apresenta um valor de densidade de defeitos baixos, uma propriedade desejada destas camadas. Este estudo demonstra a potencialidade de se utilizar a Al2O3, para camadas buffer alternativas, que não usem processos químicos durante a sua deposição.ABSTRACT: Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) community have been focusing the research line in the study and improvement of the crystalline properties of CIGS. The last trend, to increase the light to power conversion efficiency values, is the use of fluoride-alkaline post-deposition treatments. (PDT). To reach competitive efficiency values, it is necessary to focus on the improvement of CIGS interface. In this work, we focus on the study of the structural, morphological and optoelectronic properties in the interface of CIGS and alumina (Al2O3) which has the potential to be used as front passivation layer. We can conclude that the structural and morphological properties of CIGS remain the same with the deposition of Al2O3. When it was deposited the CdS, on Al2O3, the Al2O3 layer does not resist to the CdS chemical bath deposition. The interface Al2O3/CIGS has a low density of defects value, which is one of the desired properties of a passivation layer. This study demonstrates the potential of using Al2O3 as a front passivation layer with alternative buffer layers to CdS that do not use chemical processes during the deposition.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Human toxocariasis: contribution by Brazilian researchers

In the present paper the main aspects of the natural history of human infection by Toxocara larvae that occasionally result in the occurrence of visceral and/or ocular larva migrans syndrome were reviewed. The contribution by Brazilian researchers was emphasized, especially the staff of the Tropical Medicine Institute of São Paulo (IMT)

Atypical Antipsychotics In The Treatment Of Pathological Aggression In Children And Adolescents: Literature Review And Clinical Recommendations [antipsicóticos Atípicos No Tratamento Da Agressividade Patológica Em Crianças E Adolescentes: Revisão Da Literatura E Recomendações Clínicas]

Objective: To review the literature about the use of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of pathological aggression in children and adolescents. Method: The databases MEDLINE, SciELO, and LILACS were searched for publications in Portuguese or English from 1992 to August 2011 using the following keywords: mental disease, child, adolescent, treatment, atypical antipsychotic, aggressive behavior, aggression, and violent behavior. Results: Sixty-seven studies of good methodological quality and clinical interest and relevance were identified. Studies including children and adolescents were relatively limited, because few atypical antipsychotics have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). All the medications included in this review (risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, aripiprazole and clozapine) have some effectiveness in treating aggression in children and adolescents, and choices should be based on clinical indications and side effects. Conclusions: There are few studies about the effectiveness and safety of atypical antipsychotics for the pediatric population, and further randomized controlled studies with larger groups of patients and more diagnostic categories, such as severe conduct disorder and oppositional defant disorder, should be conducted to confirm the results reported up to date and to evaluate the impact of long-term use. © APRS.353151159Schur, S.B., Sikich, L., Findling, R.L., Malone, R.P., Crismon, M.L., Derivan, A., Treatment recommendations for the use of antipsychotics for aggressive youth (TRAAY). Part I: A review (2003) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 42, pp. 132-144Prado-Lima, P.A., Pharmacological treatment of impulsivity and aggressive behavior (2009) Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 31 (SUPPL. 2), pp. S58-S65Garland, A.F., Hough, R.L., McCabe, K.M., Yeh, M., Wood, P.A., Aarons, G.A., Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in youths across fve sectors of care (2001) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 40, pp. 409-418Jensen, P.S., Youngstrom, E.A., Steiner, H., Findling, R.L., Meyer, R.E., Malone, R.P., Consensus report on impulsive aggression as a symptom across diagnostic categories in child psychiatry: Implications for medication studies (2007) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 46, pp. 309-322Siever, L.J., Neurobiology of aggression and violence (2008) Am J Psychiatry, 165, pp. 429-442Siegel, A., Bhatt, S., Bhatt, R., Zalcman, S.S., The neurobiological bases for development of pharmacological treatments of aggressive disorders (2007) Curr Neuropharmacol, 5, pp. 135-147Bordin, I.A., Offord, D.R., Transtorno de conduta e comportamento anti-social (2000) Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 22 (SUPLL. 2), pp. 12-15Mendes, D.D., de Mari, J., Singer, M., Barros, G.M., Mello, A.F., Study review of biological, social and environmental factors associated with aggressive behavior (2009) Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 31 (SUPPL. 2), pp. S77-S85Nestor, P.G., Neuropsychological and clinical correlates of murder and other forms of extreme violence in a forensic psychiatric population (1992) J Nerv Ment Dis, 180, pp. 418-423Bernstein, D.P., Cohen, P., Skodol, A., Bezirganian, S., Brook, J.S., Childhood antecedents of adolescent personality disorders (1996) Am J Psychiatry, 153, pp. 907-913Blair, R.J., Peschardt, K.S., Budhani, S., Mitchell, D.G., Pine, D.S., The development of psychopathy (2006) J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 47, pp. 262-276Soller, M.V., Karnik, N.S., Steiner, H., Psychopharmacologic treatment in juvenile offenders (2006) Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 15, pp. 477-499Pappadopulos, E., Macintyre, I.J.C., Crismon, M.L., Findling, R.L., Malone, R.P., Derivan, A., Treatment recommendations for the use of antipsychotics for aggressive youth (TRAAY). Part II (2003) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 42, pp. 145-161James, A.C., Prescribing antipsychotics for children and adolescents (2010) Adv Psychiatr Treat, 16, pp. 63-75Cohen, S.A., Underwood, M.T., The use of clozapine in a mentally retarded and aggressive population (1994) J Clin Psychiatry, 55, pp. 440-444Jensen, P.S., The role of psychosocial therapies in managing aggression in children and adolescents (2008) J Clin Psychiatry, 69 (SUPPL. 4), pp. 37-42Rutter, M., Taylor, E.A., (2002) Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, , Massachusets: Blackwell PublishmentConnor, D.F., Glatt, S.J., Lopez, I.D., Jackson, D., Melloni Jr., R.H., Psychopharmacology and aggression. I: A meta-analysis of stimulant effects on overt/covert aggression-related behaviors in ADHD (2002) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 41, pp. 253-261Heyneman, E.K., The aggressive child (2003) Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 12, pp. 667-677Brasil, H.H., Belisário, F.J.F., Psicofarmacoterapia (2000) Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 22 (SUPLL. 2), pp. 42-47Olfson, M., Blanco, C., Liu, L., Moreno, C., Laje, G., National trends in the outpatient treatment of children and adolescents with antipsychotic drugs (2006) Arch Gen Psychiatry, 63, pp. 679-685Findling, R.L., Atypical antipsychotic treatment of disruptive behavior disorders in children and adolescents (2008) J Clin Psychiatry, 69 (SUPPL. 4), pp. 9-14Campbell, M., Armenteros, J.L., Malone, R.P., Adams, P.B., Eisenberg, Z.W., Overall, J.E., Neuroleptic-related dyskinesias in autistic children: A prospective, longitudinal study (1997) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 36, pp. 835-843Toren, P., Laor, N., Weizman, A., Use of atypical neuroleptics in child and adolescent psychiatry (1998) J Clin Psychiatry, 59, pp. 644-656Gilberg, C., Typical neuroleptics in chil and adolescent psychiatry (2000) Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 9 (SUPPL. 1), pp. 2-8Consensus development conference on antipsychotic drugs and obesity and diabetes (2004) Diabetes Care, 27, pp. 596-601. , American Diabetes Association, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, North American Association for the Study of ObesityCorrell, C.U., Antipsychotic use in children and adolescents: Minimizing adverse effects to maximize outcomes (2008) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 47, pp. 9-20Correll, C.U., Assessing and maximizing the safety and tolerability of antipsychotics used in the treatment of children and adolescents (2008) J Clin Psychiatry, 69 (SUPPL. 4), pp. 26-36Correll, C.U., Penzner, J.B., Parikh, U.H., Mughal, T., Javed, T., Carbon, M., Recognizing and monitoring adverse events of second-generation antipsychotics in children and adolescents (2006) Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 15, pp. 177-206Kumra, S., Frazier, J.A., Jacobsen, L.K., McKenna, K., Gordon, C.T., Lenane, M.C., Childhood-onset schizophrenia. A double-blind clozapine-haloperidol comparison (1996) Arch Gen Psychiatry, 53, pp. 1090-1097Shaw, P., Sporn, A., Gogtay, N., Overman, G.P., Greenstein, D., Gochman, P., Childhood-onset schizophrenia: A double-blind, randomized clozapine-olanzapine comparison (2006) Arch Gen Psychiatry, 63, pp. 721-730Wudarsky, M., Nicolson, R., Hamburger, S.D., Spechler, L., Gochman, P., Bedwell, J., Elevated prolactin in pediatric patients on typical and atypical antipsychotics (1999) J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol, 9, pp. 239-245Aman, M.G., de Smedt, G., Derivan, A., Lyons, B., Findling, R.L., Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of risperidone for the treatment of disruptive behaviors in children with subaverage intelligence (2002) Am J Psychiatry, 159, pp. 1337-1346Findling, R.L., McNamara, N.K., Branicky, L.A., Schluchter, M.D., Lemon, E., Blumer, J.L., A double-blind pilot study of risperidone in the treatment of conduct disorder (2000) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 39, pp. 509-516Dunbar, F., Kusumakar, V., Daneman, D., Schulz, M., Growth and sexual maturation during long-term treatment with risperidone (2004) Am J Psychiatry, 161, pp. 918-920Lemmon, M.E., Gregas, M., Jeste, S.S., Risperidone use in autism spectrum disorders: A retrospective review of a clinic-referred patient population (2011) J Child Neurol, 26, pp. 428-432McDougle, C.J., Stigler, K.A., Erickson, C.A., Posey, D.J., Atypical antipsychotics in children and adolescents with autistic and other pervasive developmental disorders (2008) J Clin Psychiatry, 69 (SUPPL. 4), pp. 15-20McCracken, J.T., McGough, J., Shah, B., Cronin, P., Hong, D., Aman, M.G., Risperidone in children with autism and serious behavioral problems (2002) N Engl J Med, 347, pp. 314-321Shea, S., Turgay, A., Carroll, A., Schulz, M., Orlik, H., Smith, I., Risperidone in the treatment of disruptive behavioral symptoms in children with autistic and other pervasive developmental disorders (2004) Pediatrics, 114, pp. e634-e641Eberhard, J., Lindström, E., Holstad, M., Levander, S., Prolactin level during 5 years of risperidone treatment in patients with psychotic disorders (2007) Acta Psychiatr Scand, 115, pp. 268-276Handen, B.L., Hardan, A.Y., Open-label, prospective trial of olanzapine in adolescents with subaverage intelligence and disruptive behavioral disorders (2006) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 45, pp. 928-935Masi, G., Milone, A., Canepa, G., Millepiedi, S., Mucci, M., Muratori, F., Olanzapine treatment in adolescents with severe conduct disorder (2006) Eur Psychiatry, 21, pp. 51-57Potenza, M.N., Holmes, J.P., Kanes, S.J., McDougle, C.J., Olanzapine treatment of children, adolescents, and adults with pervasive developmental disorders: An open-label pilot study (1999) J Clin Psychopharmacol, 19, pp. 37-44Malone, R.P., Cater, J., Sheikh, R.M., Choudhury, M.S., Delaney, M.A., Olanzapine versus haloperidol in children with autistic disorder: An open pilot study (2001) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 40, pp. 887-894Daniel, D.G., Potkin, S.G., Reeves, K.R., Swift, R.H., Harrigan, E.P., Intramuscular (IM) ziprasidone 20 mg is effective in reducing acute agitation associated with psychosis: A double-blind, randomized trial (2001) Psychopharmacology (Berl), 155, pp. 128-134Meehan, K., Zhang, F., David, S., Tohen, M., Janicak, P., Small, J., A double-blind, randomized comparison of the effcacy and safety of intramuscular injections of olanzapine, lorazepam, or placebo in treating acutely agitated patients diagnosed with bipolar mania (2001) J Clin Psychopharmacol, 21, pp. 389-397Findling, R.L., Reed, M.D., O'Riordan, M.A., Demeter, C.A., Stansbrey, R.J., McNamara, N.K., Effectiveness, safety, and pharmacokinetics of quetiapine in aggressive children with conduct disorder (2006) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 45, pp. 792-800Findling, R.L., Reed, M.D., O'Riordan, M.A., Demeter, C.A., Stansbrey, R.J., McNamara, N.K., A 26-week open-label study of quetiapine in children with conduct disorder (2007) J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol, 17, pp. 1-9Kronenberger, W.G., Giauque, A.L., Lafata, D.E., Bohnstedt, B.N., Maxey, L.E., Dunn, D.W., Quetiapine addition in methylphenidate treatment-resistant adolescents with comorbid ADHD, conduct/oppositional-defant disorder, and aggression: A prospective, open-label study (2007) J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol, 17, pp. 334-347Martin, A., Koenig, K., Scahill, L., Bregman, J., Open-label quetiapine in the treatment of children and adolescents with autistic disorder (1999) J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol, 9, pp. 99-107Findling, R.L., McNamara, N.K., Gracious, B.L., O'Riordan, M.A., Reed, M.D., Demeter, C., Quetiapine in nine youths with autistic disorder (2004) J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol, 14, pp. 287-294McDougle, C.J., Kem, D.L., Posey, D.J., Case series: Use of ziprasidone for maladaptive symptoms in youths with autism (2002) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 41, pp. 921-927Stigler, K.A., Posey, D.J., 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(2005) J Clin Psychiatry, 66, pp. 1331-1332Stigler, K.A., McDougle, C.J., Pharmacotherapy of irritability in pervasive developmental disorders (2008) Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 17, pp. 739-75

Insights of innovation and competitiveness in meat supply chains.

Abstract:The world demand for food in parallel with environmental concerns is a paradigm for the competitiveness of agro-industrial production chains. The present study intended to propose insights on the contribution of innovation and competitiveness in meat production chains. A systematic review of the literature was carried out, considering manuscripts published in the Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct databases. Based on the search and exclusion criteria, the analyzed portfolio consisted of 18 works related to the main animal production chains (i.e. pork, chicken, beef, and sheep). The results obtained include three theoretical constructs, under which the studies of competitiveness and innovation in meat production chains were based, namely: (1) institutional environment; (2) business capacity; and (3) consumer behavior. These are composed of a posteriori variables, which have influences in the innovation and competitiveness of such systems, meeting the postulate by the literature

Diagnosing numerical Cherenkov instabilities in relativistic plasma simulations based on general meshes

Numerical Cherenkov radiation (NCR) or instability is a detrimental effect frequently found in electromagnetic particle-in-cell (EM-PIC) simulations involving relativistic plasma beams. NCR is caused by spurious coupling between electromagnetic-field modes and multiple beam resonances. This coupling may result from the slow down of poorly-resolved waves due to numerical (grid) dispersion and from aliasing mechanisms. NCR has been studied in the past for finite-difference-based EM-PIC algorithms on regular (structured) meshes with rectangular elements. In this work, we extend the analysis of NCR to finite-element-based EM-PIC algorithms implemented on unstructured meshes. The influence of different mesh element shapes and mesh layouts on NCR is studied. Analytic predictions are compared against results from finite-element-based EM-PIC simulations of relativistic plasma beams on various mesh types.11Nsciescopu