7th Drug hypersensitivity meeting: part two

No abstract availabl

Simulação do processo de secagem de sementes de milho em camada fixa Simulation of the corn seed drying process in fixed bed

O processo de secagem realizado de maneira artificial é apontado por vários pesquisadores como um dos principais problemas de produção de sementes. Além disso, esse processo afeta também a qualidade dos grãos, diminuindo consideravelmente o seu valor de mercado para o consumo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um modelo de simulação do processo de secagem de sementes de milho (Zea mays L.), validando-o por meio da comparação de resultados simulados com os de testes experimentais. O método de secagem utilizado consistiu em promover a pré-secagem das sementes nas espigas, posteriormente o produto permanecia em repouso durante 12 horas, sendo então as espigas debulhadas e complementada a secagem a granel, em silos com distribuição radial de ar. A temperatura média do ar de secagem foi de 42°C e a vazão específica de ar no secador de espigas foi de 44,8 m³ min-1 m-2 e, nos silos secadores de 5,9 m³ min-1 m-2. O modelo implementado apresentou respostas satisfatórias para a simulação de secagem de sementes de milho em espigas e a granel, considerando-se que o erro relativo médio foi de 10,88%.<br>Artificial drying is one of the main problems of seed production, hence it affects quality of grains, and can decrease considerably their market value. This work aimed to develop a mathematical model to simulate a corn seed drying process. Simulation results were validated by comparison to experimental results. The drying method consisted of a fixed-bed, pre-drying of corn (Zea mays L.) ears, which were then kept on rest for 12 hours. After that the product was threshed and kernels were submitted to a final drying process on a fixed bed dryer: bins with radial air distribution. Air temperature was 42°C; specific air rate of the ear corn dryer was 44.8 m³ min-1 m-2 and of the drying bin 5.9 m³ min-1 m-2. The error of the average simulation model was 10.88%, which was considered satisfactory

Effect of carotid and aortic baroreceptors on cardiopulmonary reflex: the role of autonomic function

We determined the sympathetic and parasympathetic control of heart rate (HR) and the sensitivity of the cardiopulmonary receptors after selective carotid and aortic denervation. We also investigated the participation of the autonomic nervous system in the Bezold-Jarish reflex after selective removal of aortic and carotid baroreceptors. Male Wistar rats (220-270 g) were divided into three groups: control (CG, N = 8), aortic denervation (AG, N = 5) and carotid denervation (CAG, N = 9). AG animals presented increased arterial pressure (12%) and HR (11%) compared with CG, while CAG animals presented a reduction in arterial pressure (16%) and unchanged HR compared with CG. The sequential blockade of autonomic effects by atropine and propranolol indicated a reduction in vagal function in CAG (a 50 and 62% reduction in vagal effect and tonus, respectively) while AG showed an increase of more than 100% in sympathetic control of HR. The Bezold-Jarish reflex was evaluated using serotonin, which induced increased bradycardia and hypotension in AG and CAG, suggesting that the sensitivity of the cardiopulmonary reflex is augmented after selective denervation. Atropine administration abolished the bradycardic responses induced by serotonin in all groups; however, the hypotensive response was still increased in AG. Although the responses after atropine were lower than the responses before the drug, indicating a reduction in vagal outflow after selective denervation, our data suggest that both denervation procedures are associated with an increase in sympathetic modulation of the vessels, indicating that the sensitivity of the cardiopulmonary receptors was modulated by baroreceptor fibers