544 research outputs found
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The influence of fiber/matrix interface on the mechanical behavior of Nicalon SiC fiber reinforced glass-ceramic composites
Mechanical properties of unidirectional Nicalon SiC fiber reinforced Ca aluminosilicate (CAS/SiC) and Mg aluminosilicate (MAS/SiC) glass-ceramic composites were investigated by tensile testing and nondestructive laser-ultrasound technique. The Ba-stuffed MAS was either undoped or doped with 5% borosilicate glass. Degradation of elastic stiffness constant C{sub 11} in transverse direction due to interface damage was monitored in situ by measuring the laser- generated ultrasound wave velocity. The three composite materials show different characteristics of macroscopic deformation behavior, which is correlated strongly to interface degradation. A stronger reduction trend of the elastic constant C{sub 11} is associated with a larger degree of inelastic deformation. The fracture surfaces also reveal the close relation between fiber pullout length and interfacial characteristics. Interfaces of these composites were studied by TEM; their influence on inhibiting and deflecting matrix cracks is discussed
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Laser-ultrasonic evaluation of damage in unidirectional ceramic matrix composites
Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) have attracted great attention because of their potential for high temperature structural applications. Among these materials, calcium aluminosilicate (CAS) glass ceramic and similar composites reinforced by Nicalon{trademark} SiC fiber with carbon-rich interface have been under active investigation because of their {open_quotes}notch-insensitivity{close_quotes}: stress near holes and notches can be redistributed by inelastic deformation in the form of multiple matrix cracking. Therefore, stress concentration is alleviated near these sites. Understanding the damage mechanism in these composites is very important for the development of constitutive modeling. To achieve this goal, monitoring damage initiation and accumulation in-situ are especially critical. In most of the previous work, the change of elastic modulus along loading direction was used to characterize the damage. However, the overall anisotropic damages such as fiber-matrix debonding or shear deformation were unknown. In this study, we have pursued an in-situ nondestructive laser-ultrasonic technique to assess the overall anisotropic stiffness degradation under loading. When a laser pulse is brought to sample surface, high frequency acoustic waves can be generated by thermal or ablation mechanisms depending on the incident power intensity. The propagation of the elastic waves through anisotropic media is characterized by the well-known Christoffel equation
A measurement of parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetries in polarized cold neutron capture on 35Cl, 113Cd, and 139La
An apparatus for measuring parity-violating asymmetries in gamma-ray emission
following polarized cold neutron capture was constructed as a 1/10th scale test
of the design for the forthcoming n+p->d+gamma experiment at LANSCE. The
elements of the polarized neutron beam, including a polarized 3He neutron spin
filter and a radio frequency neutron spin rotator, are described. Using CsI(Tl)
detectors and photodiode current mode readout, measurements were made of
asymmetries in gamma-ray emission following neutron capture on 35Cl, 113Cd, and
139La targets. Upper limits on the parity-allowed asymmetry were set at the level of 7 x 10^-6 for all three
targets. Parity-violating asymmetries were observed in
35Cl, A_gamma = (-29.1 +- 6.7) x 10^-6, and 139La, A_gamma = (-15.5 +- 7.1) x
10^-6, values consistent with previous measurements.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth.
Growth of oriented C11b MoSi2 bicrystals using a modified Czochralski technique
Oriented bicrystals of pure C11b MoSi2 have been grown in a tri-arc furnace using the Czochralski technique. Two single crystal seeds were used to initiate the growth. Each seed had the orientation intended for one of the grains of the bicrystals, which resulted in a 60° twist boundary on the (110) plane. Seeds were attached to a water-cooled seed rod, which was pulled at 120 mm/h with the seed rod rotating at 45 rpm. The water- cooled copper hearth was counter-rotated at 160 rpm. Asymmetric growth ridges associated with each seed crystal were observed during growth and confirmed the existence of a bicrystal. It was also found that careful alignment of the seeds was needed to keep the grain boundary from growing out of the boule. The resulting boundary was characterized by imaging and crystallographic techniques in a scanning electron microscope. The boundary was found to be fairly sharp and the misorientation between the grains remained within 2° from the disorientation between the seeds
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Amorphization threshold in Si-implanted strained SiGe alloy layers
The authors have examined the damage produced by Si-ion implantation into strained Si{sub 1{minus}x}Ge{sub x} epilayers. Damage accumulation in the implanted layers was monitored in situ by time-resolved reflectivity and measured by ion channeling techniques to determine the amorphization threshold in strained Si{sub 1{minus}x}Ge{sub x} (x = 0.16 and 0.29) over the temperature range 30--110 C. The results are compared with previously reported measurements on unstrained Si{sub 1{minus}x}Ge{sub x}, and with the simple model used to describe those results. They report here data which lend support to this model and which indicate that pre-existing strain does not enhance damage accumulation in the alloy layer
Amorphization Threshold in Si-Implanted Strained Sige Alloy Layers
The authors have examined the damage produced by Si-ion implantation into strained Si{sub 1{minus}x}Ge{sub x} epilayers. Damage accumulation in the implanted layers was monitored in situ by time-resolved reflectivity and measured by ion channeling techniques to determine the amorphization threshold in strained Si{sub 1{minus}x}Ge{sub x} (x = 0.16 and 0.29) over the temperature range 30--110 C. The results are compared with previously reported measurements on unstrained Si{sub 1{minus}x}Ge{sub x}, and with the simple model used to describe those results. They report here data which lend support to this model and which indicate that pre-existing strain does not enhance damage accumulation in the alloy layer
Precision Measurement of PArity Violation in Polarized Cold Neutron Capture on the Proton: the NPDGamma Experiment
The NPDGamma experiment at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) is
dedicated to measure with high precision the parity violating asymmetry in the
emission after capture of spin polarized cold neutrons in
para-hydrogen. The measurement will determine unambiguously the weak
pion-nucleon-nucleon () coupling constant {\it f}Comment: Proceedings of the PANIC'05 Conference, Santa Fe, NM, USA, October
24-28, 2005, 3 pages, 2 figure
The Exact Correspondence between Phase Times and Dwell Times in a Symmetrical Quantum Tunneling Configuration
The general and explicit relation between the phase time and the dwell time
for quantum tunneling or scattering is investigated. Considering a symmetrical
collision of two identical wave packets with an one-dimensional barrier, here
we demonstrate that these two distinct transit time definitions give connected
results where, however, the phase time (group delay) accurately describes the
exact position of the scattered particles. The analytical difficulties that
arise when the stationary phase method is employed for obtaining phase
(traversal) times are all overcome. Multiple wave packet decomposition allows
us to recover the exact position of the reflected and transmitted waves in
terms of the phase time, which, in addition to the exact relation between the
phase time and the dwell time, leads to right interpretation for both of them.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
Small Corrections to the Tunneling Phase Time Formulation
After reexamining the above barrier diffusion problem where we notice that
the wave packet collision implies the existence of {\em multiple} reflected and
transmitted wave packets, we analyze the way of obtaining phase times for
tunneling/reflecting particles in a particular colliding configuration where
the idea of multiple peak decomposition is recovered. To partially overcome the
analytical incongruities which frequently rise up when the stationary phase
method is adopted for computing the (tunneling) phase time expressions, we
present a theoretical exercise involving a symmetrical collision between two
identical wave packets and a unidimensional squared potential barrier where the
scattered wave packets can be recomposed by summing the amplitudes of
simultaneously reflected and transmitted wave components so that the conditions
for applying the stationary phase principle are totally recovered. Lessons
concerning the use of the stationary phase method are drawn.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure
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