Scattering and binding of different atomic species in a one-dimensional optical lattice

The theory of scattering of atom pairs in a periodic potential is presented for the case of different atoms. When the scattering dynamics is restricted to the lowest Bloch band of the periodic potential, a separation in relative and average discrete coordinates applies and makes the problem analytically tractable, and we present a number of new results and features compared to the case of identical atoms.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

THE EFFECT OF LANGUAGE BARRIERS ON VARIATION AND RECEIPT OF EARLY STAGE BREAST CANCER TREATMENT

Background: Arriving at and implementing an appropriate patient centered treatment plan for early stage breast cancer requires significant dialogue between healthcare providers and patients. How language barriers affect this process has not been thoroughly explored in the literature. The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of language barrier on variation and receipt of early stage breast cancer treatment. Methods: Rates of lumpectomy, mastectomy, and contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) with or without reconstruction were compared between English speaking and Low English Proficiency (LEP) cohorts. Patients with recurrent or bilateral breast cancer, male patients, and/or known genetic mutations were excluded. Receipt of recommended treatments including chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and radiation were compared between the two groups, as well as patient refusal and loss of follow-up. Regression analysis for all-cause mortality within this time period was tabulated for each group. Results: There were no significant differences between receipt of recommended treatments, patient refusal or loss of follow up between the cohorts. LEP patients had a greater proportion of lumpectomies (79.7 versus 70.7%) while 9.2% of English-speaking patients had CPM or CPM with reconstruction compared to none of the LEP patients. These trends, however, did not rise to statistical significance within our small population sample. Age, insurance type, and LEP were associated with significant difference in all-cause mortality, however only age and insurance remained significant in adjusted analysis. Conclusion: Our results indicate a non-statistically significant trend towards less variation of surgical treatment variation for early stage breast cancer in the LEP population, including a greater frequency of lumpectomy and less utilization of CPM. Larger, multicenter studies would be needed to affirm and further investigate these trends

Angular momentum exchange between coherent light and matter fields

Full, three dimensional, time-dependent simulations are presented demonstrating the quantized transfer of angular momentum to a Bose-Einstein condensate from a laser carrying orbital angular momentum in a Laguerre-Gaussian mode. The process is described in terms of coherent Bragg scattering of atoms from a chiral optical lattice. The transfer efficiency and the angular momentum content of the output coupled vortex state are analyzed and compared with a recent experiment.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Vannstandsendringer i Vågsbøpollen og Ådlandsstraumen som følge av kanalbygging. Målinger og befaringer, juli-oktober 1998

Høsten 1996 ble det åpnet en ny båtkanal mellom Vestrepollen og Vågsbøpollen i Fana. Kanalen har medført økte tidevannsforskjeller og bedre vannutskifting i Vågsbøpollen. Tidligere var Ådlandsstraumen eneste forbindelse mellom Vågsbøpollen og sjøen. På grunn av kanalen er vanngjennomstrømmingen i Ådlandsstraumen blitt mindre, og lavvann-nivået er senket. For å dokumentere eventuelle effekter som følge av kanalen gjennomførte NIVA i samarbeid med UiB et prosjekt sommeren 1998 for å registrere biologiske endringer i strandsonen. I tillegg ble det gjort målinger av vannstand og utført modellsimuleringer. Den biologiske kartleggingen ga ingen entydige verdier for endringer i høyvann- og lavvannsnivå, men indikerer lavvannssenking på 20-30 cm i Vågsbøpollen. Vannstandsmålingene viser en økning av vannstandsamplituden på inntil 50 cm (i det vesentligste lavvanns-senking) og en middel amplitudeendring på 25 cm. I Ådlandsstraumen oppstrøms den nederste innsnevringen er det tale om senking av vann-nivået ved fjære sjø på inntil 29 cm i forhold til tidligere. Dette forekommer kun kortvarig ved spring lavvann. Lavvanns-senking med 25 cm eller mer i dette området skjer i følge beregningene i 1,2% av tiden, tilsvarende mange korte perioder med lavvann med samlet varighet på 8,6 timer i løpet av en måned

Undersøkelse av resipientforholdene ved Narestø, Arendal kommune

Rapporten beskriver resipientforholdene i Narestøfjorden, og vurderer mulige konsekvenser av økning i det kommunale utslippet fra 70 pe til 3340 pe. Det er gjort undersøkelser av hydrografi (temperatur og saltholdighet), næringssalter, strøm, gruntvannsorganismer og bløtbunnsfauna. Videre er det foretatt beregninger av innlagringsdyp og fortynningsgrad ved ulike utslippsmengder og -dyp. Resultatene viste god vannutskiftning i overflatelaget ned til ca. 10 meter (oppholdstid 3-4 timer). Bunnvannet var ikke stagnerende, men hadde en noe lengre oppholdstid enn overflatevannet, ca. 1-2 døgn. Det var ingen tegn til effekter av dagens utslipp på strandsonen eller bløtbunnsfaunaen. Selv om det var mindre vannutskiftning i dypvannet, anbefales en utslippsløsning med utslippsdyp på 36 m, rørdiameter 150 mm og Y-formet ende-rør for det nye utslippet. Utslippet vil da innlagres i ca. 22 meters dyp, og det vil være liten sannsynlighet for gjennomslag til overflaten. Overflatevannet har i utgangspunktet noe høyt næringsinnhold

Bottomland Hardwood Management Demonstrations for South Carolina\u27s Lowcountry Forest Conservation Project

Southern bottomland hardwood forests occur on river floodplains of the southeastern United States, and ecological processes are driven by seasonal floodwaters from the river. Conservation and management of southeastern US coastal plain ecosystems is a priority in South Carolina’s Lowcountry Forest Conservation Project. The project is a partnership of Clemson University, Ducks Unlimited, the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Lowcountry Open Land Trust, South Carolina Coastal Conservation League, The Conservation Fund, and The Nature Conservancy. A goal of this project is to create and disseminate economically and ecologically viable methods for conservation-based bottomland hardwood management on private lands, including restoration of degraded forests. Southern bottomland forests have been extensively altered by past cutting practices, as well as past agricultural use, indiscriminate cattle grazing, uncontrolled fires, and lack of attention to regeneration. Early harvest practices included high-grading to remove the most valuable stems, leaving behind the poorest. Repeating this practice through the years has resulted in under-stocked stands of low-quality trees in many forests. Four sites have been selected to establish demonstration areas to show people different management techniques that are currently being used to enhance timber and wildlife values. Funding for the project is provided by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. One model of bottomland hardwood management that can be used to achieve conservation goals in the southeastern United States is the system currently practiced by the Anderson-Tully Corporation in bottomland forests of the Mississippi River. The adaptation of this management method is presented here

Atom-molecule equilibration in a degenerate Fermi gas with resonant interactions

We present a nonequilibrium kinetic theory describing atom-molecule population dynamics in a two-component Fermi gas with a Feshbach resonance. Key collision integrals emerge that govern the relaxation of the atom-molecule mixture to chemical and thermal equilibrium. Our focus is on the pseudogap regime where molecules form above the superfluid transition temperature. In this regime, we formulate a simple model for the atom-molecule population dynamics. The model predicts the saturation of molecule formation that has been observed in recent experiments, and indicates that a dramatic enhancement of the atom-molecule conversion efficiency occurs at low temperatures.Comment: Updated manuscript on July 5, 2004. Four pages with three embedded figure

Mesoscopic conductance fluctuations in InAs nanowire-based SNS junctions

We report a systematic experimental study of mesoscopic conductance fluctuations in superconductor/normal/superconductor (SNS) devices Nb/InAs-nanowire/Nb. These fluctuations far exceed their value in the normal state and strongly depend on temperature even in the low-temperature regime. This dependence is attributed to high sensitivity of perfectly conducting channels to dephasing and the SNS fluctuations thus provide a sensitive probe of dephasing in a regime where normal transport fails to detect it. Further, the conductance fluctuations are strongly non-linear in bias voltage and reveal sub-gap structure. The experimental findings are qualitatively explained in terms of multiple Andreev reflections in chaotic quantum dots with imperfect contacts.Comment: Manuscript and supplemen

Superconductivity enhanced conductance fluctuations in few layer graphene nanoribbons

We investigate the mesoscopic disorder induced rms conductance variance $\delta G$ in a few layer graphene nanoribbon (FGNR) contacted by two superconducting (S) Ti/Al contacts. By sweeping the back-gate voltage, we observe pronounced conductance fluctuations superimposed on a linear background of the two terminal conductance G. The linear gate-voltage induced response can be modeled by a set of inter-layer and intra-layer capacitances. $\delta G$ depends on temperature T and source-drain voltage $V_{sd}$. $\delta G$ increases with decreasing T and $|V_{sd}|$. When lowering $|V_{sd}|$, a pronounced cross-over at a voltage corresponding to the superconducting energy gap $\Delta$ is observed. For |V_{sd}|\ltequiv \Delta the fluctuations are markedly enhanced. Expressed in the conductance variance $G_{GS}$ of one graphene-superconducutor (G-S) interface, values of 0.58 e^2/h are obtained at the base temperature of 230 mK. The conductance variance in the sub-gap region are larger by up to a factor of 1.4-1.8 compared to the normal state. The observed strong enhancement is due to phase coherent charge transfer caused by Andreev reflection at the nanoribbon-superconductor interface.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure