Sturm bounds for Siegel modular forms of degree 2 and odd weights

We correct the proof of the theorem in the previous paper presented by Kikuta, which concerns Sturm bounds for Siegel modular forms of degree $2$ and of even weights modulo a prime number dividing $2\cdot 3$. We give also Sturm bounds for them of odd weights for any prime numbers, and we prove their sharpness. The results cover the case where Fourier coefficients are algebraic numbers

Computation of three-dimensional electromagnetic field in the eddy-current testing of steel pipes

The computation of three-dimensional electromagnetic field distributions in the eddy-current testing for holes in steel pipes is described. A boundary element method with vector variables was used to compute the eddy-current and magnetic-flux-density distributions. Computed and experimental results for the magnetic flux density on the inner surface are compared, and the mechanism of defect detection in steel pipes is clarified </p

Predominant Dissemination of PVL-Negative CC89 MRSA with SCCmec Type II in Children with Impetigo in Japan

Background. The ratio of CA-MRSA in children with impetigo has been increasing in Japan. Methods. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of 136 S. aureus isolates from children with impetigo were studied. Furthermore, molecular epidemiological analysis and virulence gene analysis were performed. Results. Of the 136 S. aureus isolates, 122 (89.7%) were MSSA and 14 (10.3%) were MRSA. Of the 14 MRSA strains, 11 belonged to CC89 (ST89, ST91, and ST2117) and carried diverse types of SCCmec: type II (IIb: 3 strains; unknown subtype: 4 strains), type IVa (2 strains), and unknown type (2 strains). The remaining three strains exhibited CC8 (ST-8)-SCCmec type VIa, CC121 (ST121)-SCCmec type V, and CC5 (ST5)-nontypeable SCCmec element, respectively. None were lukS-PV-lukF-PV gene positive. Gentamicin- and clarithromycin-resistant strains were frequently found in both MRSA and MSSA. Conclusions. PVL-negative CC89-SCCmec type II strains are the most predominant strains among the CA-MRSA strains circulating in the community in Japan

Wasserhaushaltsmessungen in ökologisch bewirtschafteten Leguminosenbeständen im Trockengebiet Ostösterreichs

Durch die Kombination von Feldmessungen und Simulation werden Änderungen im Bodenwassergehalt erfasst und Wasserbilanzen errechnet. Es ist vorgesehen in vier Plots (Meßprofile) die Bodenwasserspannung und den Wasseranteil online zu erfassen. Diese Profile dienen zur Erfassung der zeitlichen Auflösung an einem Standort und werden auch für die Kalibrierung der Simulation herangezogen. Die Simulation bietet die Möglichkeit unterschiedliche Szenerien zu bearbeiten und Sensibilitätsanalysen durchzuführen. Die Kombination der Messung und der Simulation ist eine sehr kostengünstige und flexible Vorgangsweise zur umfassenden Beschreibung der Stoffumsetzungsprozesse im Boden unter verschiedenen Bedingunge

Six-reflection meV-monochromator for synchrotron radiation

A design is presented for a cryogenically stabilized monochromator for 10–40 keV synchrotron radiation that uses six crystal reflections to achieve a meV-bandpass with high efficiency

Synchrotron Radiation Time Gate Quartz Device For Nuclear Resonant Scattering

A synchrotron radiation time gate with X-cut quartz resonator has been constructed for use on nuclear resonant scattering at ultrahigh brilliance beam lines. The purpose is to discriminate the electronic scattered prompt (zero time) from the time delayed nuclear scattered photons. The special feature of this device is the possibility of adjusting the time modulation width of the gate without changing the frequency. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.6622235223

Towards water-free biobanks: long-term dry-preservation at room temperature of desiccation-sensitive enzyme luciferase in air-dried insect cells

© 2017 The Author(s). Desiccation-tolerant cultured cells Pv11 derived from the anhydrobiotic midge embryo endure complete desiccation in an ametabolic state and resume their metabolism after rehydration. These features led us to develop a novel dry preservation technology for enzymes as it was still unclear whether Pv11 cells could preserve an exogenous enzyme in the dry state. This study shows that Pv11 cells protect an exogenous desiccation-sensitive enzyme, luciferase (Luc), preserving the enzymatic activity even after dry storage for 372 days at room temperature. A process including preincubation with trehalose, dehydration, storage, and rehydration allowed Pv11 (Pv11-Luc) cells stably expressing luciferase to survive desiccation and still emit luminescence caused by luciferase after rehydration. Luminescence produced by luciferase in Pv11-Luc cells after rehydration did not significantly decrease in presence of a translation inhibitor, showing that the activity did not derive from de novo enzyme synthesis following the resumption of cell metabolism. These findings indicate that the surviving Pv11 cells almost completely protect luciferase during desiccation. Lacking of the preincubation step resulted in the loss of luciferase activity after rehydration. We showed that preincubation with trehalose associated to induction of desiccation tolerance-related genes in Pv11 cells allowed effective in vivo preservation of enzymes in the dry state

Three lateral osteotomy designs for bilateral sagittal split osteotomy: biomechanical evaluation with three-dimensional finite element analysis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The location of the lateral osteotomy cut during bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) varies according to the surgeon's preference, and no consensus has been reached regarding the ideal location from the perspective of biomechanics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the mandible and screw-miniplate system among three lateral osteotomy designs for BSSO by using three-dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis (FEA).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The Trauner-Obwegeser (TO), Obwegeser (Ob), and Obwegeser-Dal Pont (OD) methods were used for BSSO. In all the FEA simulations, the distal segments were advanced by 5 mm. Each model was fixed by using miniplates. These were applied at four different locations, including along Champy's lines, to give 12 different FEA miniplate fixation methods. We examined these models under two different loads.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The magnitudes of tooth displacement, the maximum bone stress in the vicinity of the screws, and the maximum stress on the screw-miniplate system were less in the OD method than in the Ob and TO methods at all the miniplate locations. In addition, Champy's lines models were less than those at the other miniplate locations.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The OD method allows greater mechanical stability of the mandible than the other two techniques. Further, miniplates placed along Champy's lines provide greater mechanical advantage than those placed at other locations.</p

Insulated gate and surface passivation structures for GaN-based power transistors

Recent years have witnessed GaN-based devices delivering their promise of unprecedented power and frequency levels and demonstrating their capability as an able replacement for Si-based devices. High-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs), a key representative architecture of GaN-based devices, are well-suited for high-power and high frequency device applications, owing to highly desirable III-nitride physical properties. However, these devices are still hounded by issues not previously encountered in their more established Si- and GaAs-based devices counterparts. Metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structures are usually employed with varying degrees of success in sidestepping the major problematic issues such as excessive leakage current and current instability. While different insulator materials have been applied to GaN-based transistors, the properties of insulator/III-N interfaces are still not fully understood. This is mainly due to the difficulty of characterizing insulator/AlGaN interfaces in a MIS HEMT because of the two resulting interfaces: insulator/AlGaN and AlGaN/GaN, making the potential modulation rather complicated. Although there have been many reports of low interface-trap densities in HEMT MIS capacitors, several papers have incorrectly evaluated their capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics. A HEMT MIS structure typically shows a 2-step C–V behavior. However, several groups reported C–V curves without the characteristic step at the forward bias regime, which is likely to the high-density states at the insulator/AlGaN interface impeding the potential control of the AlGaN surface by the gate bias. In this review paper, first we describe critical issues and problems including leakage current, current collapse and threshold voltage instability in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. Then we present interface properties, focusing on interface states, of GaN MIS systems using oxides, nitrides and high-κ dielectrics. Next, the properties of a variety of AlGaN/GaN MIS structures as well as different characterization methods, including our own photo-assisted C–V technique, essential for understanding and developing successful surface passivation and interface control schemes, are given in the subsequent section. Finally we highlight the important progress in GaN MIS interfaces that have recently pushed the frontier of nitride-based device technology

Transgenic Zebrafish Recapitulating tbx16 Gene Early Developmental Expression

We describe the creation of a transgenic zebrafish expressing GFP driven by a 7.5 kb promoter region of the tbx16 gene. This promoter segment is sufficient to recapitulate early embryonic expression of endogenous tbx16 in the presomitic mesoderm, the polster and, subsequently, in the hatching gland. Expression of GFP in the transgenic lines later in development diverges to some extent from endogenous tbx16 expression with the serendipitous result that one line expresses GFP specifically in commissural primary ascending (CoPA) interneurons of the developing spinal cord. Using this line we demonstrate that the gene mafba (valentino) is expressed in CoPA interneurons