Islam dan negara dalam politik orde baru (1966-1994) = Islam and State in The New Order Politics (1966-1994)

The relationship of Islam and the State in a country where majority of the people are Moslem is frequently marked by uneasy feeling. In Indonesia, such phenomena is also encountered. It is this topic which this study focuses on, restricting to the era of New Order (1966-1994). The study has the objective of elucidating the changes which had taken place in the relationship of Islam and the State during the era of New Order (1966-1994) from antagonistic (1967-1981) to reciprocally critical (19824985) and finally accomodative (1985-1994). The relationship of Islam and the State was analyzed based on perspective theory of State and Civil Society. Structural approach was used. The study was descriptive and evaluative. Aggregat data and docu- mentary data were collected through literature study.Hence, analytical method was adopted in this study was qualitative. The results revealed that: First, the relationship of Islam and the State during the era of New Order was influenced by suppressor variable is New Order political model and Islamic general features of the Indonesian. Secondly, from that very fact, the accomodative relationship of Islam and the State is bidirectional. In one way the State accomociates the needs of Islam. In another way Islam provides supports to the State. Thirdly, the changes in relationship Islam and the Sfate coincides with the change of State perception to becoming positive to Islam, and vice versa. Fourthly, the State perception to Islam was changed since (1) Trauma of Islamic rebellion in the past has faded. (2) There was a better understanding, appreciation, and-perception among member of elite society in the State itself towards Islamic society. It is due to involvement of figures known to have strong background of Islam in the government, a phenomenon known as "Santrisasi Priya.", and due tobetter understanding andperception from the elite society in the government towards Islam, particularly from the president himself, a phenomenon known as "Santrisasi Priyayi"and (3) Potential of Islamic Society as majority of Indonesian people in supporting National Development Program, system legitimacy and powerful vote it promises in any general election. The change of Islamic society towards the government if affected by (1) The Islamic groups is diversity, (2) Modernization of Islamic education, and (3) New frame of reference towards Islamic norms and dogmas, as well as perception towards sociopolitical reality of the New Order. Keywords: Islam - State - Civil Society - New Order Politic

Elliptic flow of thermal dileptons as a probe of QCD matter

We study the variation of elliptic flow of thermal dileptons with transverse momentum and invariant mass of the pairs for Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV. The dilepton productions from quark gluon plasma (QGP) and hot hadrons have been considered including the spectral change of light vector mesons in the thermal bath. The space time evolution has been carried out within the frame work of 2+1 dimensional ideal hydrodynamics with lattice+hadron resonance gas equation of state. We find that a judicious selection of invariant mass(M) and transverse momentum (p_T) windows can be used to extract the collective properties of quark matter, hadronic matter and also get a distinct signature of medium effects on vector mesons. Our results indicate a reduction of elliptic flow (v_2) for M beyond phi mass, which if observed experimentally would give the measure of v_2 of the partonic phase.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev. C (Rapid Comm.

Aberrant brain functional connectivity in newborns with congenital heart disease before cardiac surgery

Newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD) requiring open heart surgery are at increased risk for neurodevelopmental disabilities. Recent quantitative MRI studies have reported disrupted growth, microstructure, and metabolism in fetuses and newborns with complex CHD. To date, no study has examined whether functional brain connectivity is altered in this high-risk population after birth, before surgery. Our objective was to compare whole-brain functional connectivity of resting state networks in healthy, term newborns (n = 82) and in term neonates with CHD before surgery (n = 30) using graph theory and network-based statistics. We report for the first time intact global network topology – efficient and economic small world networks – but reduced regional functional connectivity involving critical brain regions (i.e. network hubs and/or rich club nodes) in newborns with CHD before surgery. These findings suggest the presence of early-life brain dysfunction in CHD which may be associated with neurodevelopmental impairments in the years following cardiac surgery. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic, diagnostic and surveillance potential of these findings

Resilience and well-being among children of migrant parents in South-East Asia

There has been little systematic empirical research on the well-being of children in transnational households in South-East Asia—a major sending region for contract migrants. This study uses survey data collected in 2008 from children aged 9, 10 and 11 and their caregivers in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam (N=1,498). Results indicate that while children of migrant parents, especially migrant mothers, are less likely to be happy compared to children in non-migrant households, greater resilience in child well-being is associated with longer durations of maternal absence. There is no evidence for a direct parental migration effect on school enjoyment and performance. The analyses highlight the sensitivity of results to the dimension of child well-being measured and who makes the assessment.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Strand and Statehood Predictors of Senior High School Graduates: A Tracer Study

Philippines has now graduated a couple of Senior High School (SHS) batches since its major education reform but not much was studied yet regarding its graduates. In view of tracing and learning of their status relative to the curriculum’s exits, this study is conceptualized. It aimed at profiling Aurora State College of Technology (ASCOT) SHS graduates and determining which of these profiles explain statehood and SHS strand. Alignment of respondents’ SHS strands to their college courses and the absorption rate of the college were also determined. A researcher-developed questionnaire was administered to 2018 and 2019 ASCOT SHS graduates. Responses received were screened, grouped according to strand then randomly sampled. A total of 523 responses remained for analysis. This corresponds to 2.87% margin for error which is within the traditional 5%. Results showed that majority of the graduates are within the ages 19-21, a huge majority of the respondents belong to the lower income categories and that the number of male graduates is at par with females. Out of all the respondents enrolled in college, only one-half have courses aligned to their SHS strands while ASCOT has an absorption rate 75.42%. Relative to their statehood, 90.82% pursued college education, 4.02% are employed, 1.15% are entrepreneurs and 4.02% are layabouts. Sex, age and monthly family income explained the respondents chosen strand. Both sex and monthly family income explained the statehood. Basic education schools should establish a career guidance program that help students choose their SHS strand aligned to the college degree they wish to earn. GAD trainers are also recommended to include in their campaign the non-exclusivity of SHS strands and college courses for the rich or poor, male or female. TVL courses must be offered and strengthened in education as this is where many poor students enroll in view of skills ready for employment and entrepreneurship

'Diverse mobilities': second-generation Greek-Germans engage with the homeland as children and as adults

This paper is about the children of Greek labour migrants in Germany. We focus on two life-stages of ‘return’ for this second generation: as young children brought to Greece on holidays or sent back for longer periods, and as young adults exercising an independent ‘return’ migration. We draw both on literature and on our own field interviews with 50 first- and second-generation Greek-Germans. We find the practise of sending young children back to Greece to have been surprisingly widespread yet little documented. Adult relocation to the parental homeland takes place for five reasons: (i) a ‘search for self’; (ii) attraction of the Greek way of life; (iii) the actualisation of the ‘family narrative of return’ by the second, rather than the first, generation; (iv) life-stage events such as going to university or marrying a Greek; (v) escape from a traumatic event or oppressive family situation. Yet the return often brings difficulties, disillusionment, identity reappraisal, and a re-evaluation of the German context

A review on the empty fruit bunch composting: life cycle analysis and the effect of amendment(s)

This chapter reviews the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the effect of amendment(s) for empty fruit bunches composting. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of empty fruit bunches EFB composting as a solid waste processing is presented. The LCA study by various investigators confirmed that composting is more really environmentally friendly based on the greenhouse gas reduction measurement. Successful composting of empty fruit bunches (EFB) and suitable amendment(s) and obtaining a product of horticultural value may increase the viability of this recycling approach. The EFB composting with suitable amendments has shown acceptable quality of compost and simultaneously accelerates the process to less than 60 days. Finally, a case study on utilization of banana skins as amendments is discussed. In the case study, the addition of banana skin could enhance rapid EFB decomposition and increase nutrients such as P and K. A 45 days experiment was conducted at a 100kg scale to observe decomposition processes in empty fruit bunch (EFB) amended with two different percentages of banana skins (BS) (H5 and H10, 5% and 10% of BS by weight, respectively) in comparison with the control (unamended EFB, i.e. H0). The temperature in the three points of the piles was recorded throughout the experiment. By day 3, the temperature in the substrates H10 exceeded 45°C while the highest temperature recorded in the control during the experiment was 39°C (day 22). In conclusion, banana skins have potential as amendment for enhancing EFB composting

Needs and Design Assessment for Corn Production Enterprise in Selected Agrarian Reform Communities of Cagayan de Oro City and Lanao del Norte, Southern Philippines

The needs and design assessment was conducted in the Agrarian Reform Communities of Cagayan de Oro City and Lanao del Norte. It aimed to identify performance requirements, knowledge, skills, and abilities of the Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Organizations (ARBO), as well as the technology and facility needs for a corn production enterprise. Among the ARBOs assessed were: Pagalungan and Tagpangi Tribal and Settlers Association of Women Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Cooperative, Taglimao Farmers Multi-purpose Cooperative, Indahag Agrarian Reform Community Multipurpose Cooperative, Taguanao Agrarian Reform Community Multipurpose Cooperative and Palambu Cooperative. The needs assessment revealed that the ARBOs still need technologies, as well as facilities and machineries for corn production and marketing. The ARCs offer biophysical condition suitable for corn production. They have natural assets that would favor corn production as the main economic activity. Corn is an appropriate commodity for the ARCCESS project in the ARCs mentioned. The farmers in the ARCs have extensive experience and training related to corn production. The ARBOs have other needs, such as capability development, common service facility on pre- and post-harvest facilities, project monitoring and enterprise development, and financial management and assistance. With the provision of the aforementioned recommended activities and facilities, this should result in increased production, improved quality of products, increased income and realized more profits; thereby improving their standard of living. This will eventually lead to economic growth and development of the community and to the economy as a whole

May measurement month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening in the Philippines.

Building on the gains of May Measurement Month 2017 (MMM17), the Philippine Society of Hypertension once again took part in MMM18 to raise awareness of high blood pressure (BP) in the country and to harness opportunistic BP screening in detecting unaware hypertensive individuals and referring them for treatment. We followed the standard MMM18 protocol designed by the International Society of Hypertension, utilizing convenience sampling with volunteer investigators, taking three sitting BP measurements of volunteer adults (≥18 years). Basic data on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors were also taken. We analysed 177 176 screened individuals from the Philippines. Of these, 29.1% (51 527) had also participated in MMM17, whereas 68.8% (121 893) were new screenees; and 14.2% (25 232) had their BP taken for the first time ever. After multiple imputation, 39.0% (69 126) were hypertensive. Of these, 50.3% (34 795) were aware they were hypertensive. 49.9% (34 491) were on antihypertensive medication, 58.0% (20 010) of whom had controlled BP <140/90 mmHg. Only 28.9% of all participants with hypertension had controlled BP. Systolic BPs and diastolic BPs were significantly higher in the overweight and obese, in those receiving antihypertensive medications, in patients with diabetes, and significantly lower in pregnant women. MMM18 has again shown that opportunistic BP screening, harnessing volunteers, is a pragmatic public health measure to improve awareness and treatment rates of raised BP