450 research outputs found
Theoretical study of the dynamic structure factor of superfluid 4He
We study the dynamic structure factor of superfluid 4He
at zero temperature in the roton momentum region and beyond using
field-theoretical Green's function techniques. We start from the
Gavoret-Nozi\`{e}res two-particle propagator and introduce the concept of
quasiparticles. We treat the residual (weak) interaction between quasiparticles
as being local in coordinate space and weakly energy dependent. Our
quasiparticle model explicitly incorporates the Bose-Einstein condensate. A
complete formula for the dynamic susceptibility, which is related to , is derived. The structure factor is numerically calculated
in a self-consistent way in the special case of a momentum independent
interaction between quasiparticles. Results are compared with experiment and
other theoretical approaches.Comment: 17 pages, 16 figure
Radiative decays of decuplet hyperons
We calculate the radiative decay widths of decuplet hyperons in a chiral
constituent quark model including electromagnetic exchange currents between
quarks. Exchange currents contribute significantly to the E2 transition
amplitude, while they largely cancel for the M1 transition amplitude.
Strangeness suppression of the radiative hyperon decays is found to be weakened
by exchange currents. Differences and similarities between our results and
other recent model predictions are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 1 eps figure, revtex, accepted for publication in Phys.
Rev.
Nucleon Polarizabilities from Deuteron Compton Scattering within a Green's-Function Hybrid Approach
We examine elastic Compton scattering from the deuteron for photon energies
ranging from zero to 100 MeV, using state-of-the-art deuteron wave functions
and NN-potentials. Nucleon-nucleon rescattering between emission and absorption
of the two photons is treated by Green's functions in order to ensure gauge
invariance and the correct Thomson limit. With this Green's-function hybrid
approach, we fulfill the low-energy theorem of deuteron Compton scattering and
there is no significant dependence on the deuteron wave function used.
Concerning the nucleon structure, we use Chiral Effective Field Theory with
explicit \Delta(1232) degrees of freedom within the Small Scale Expansion up to
leading-one-loop order. Agreement with available data is good at all energies.
Our 2-parameter fit to all elastic data leads to values for the
static isoscalar dipole polarizabilities which are in excellent agreement with
the isoscalar Baldin sum rule. Taking this value as additional input, we find
\alpha_E^s= (11.3+-0.7(stat)+-0.6(Baldin)) x 10^{-4} fm^3 and \beta_M^s =
(3.2-+0.7(stat)+-0.6(Baldin)) x 10^{-4} fm^3 and conclude by comparison to the
proton numbers that neutron and proton polarizabilities are essentially the
same.Comment: 47 pages LaTeX2e with 20 figures in 59 .eps files, using graphicx.
Minor modifications; extended discussion of theoretical uncertainties of
polarisabilities extraction. Version accepted for publication in EPJ
Comment on “Unique Translation between Hamiltonian Operators and Functional Integrals”
A comment on the letter by Tim Gollisch and Christof Wetterich, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1 (2001).Michael Weyrauch, and Andreas W. Schreibe
Nucleon Spin-Polarisabilities from Polarisation Observables in Low-Energy Deuteron Compton Scattering
We investigate the dependence of polarisation observables in elastic deuteron
Compton scattering below the pion production threshold on the spin-independent
and spin-dependent iso-scalar dipole polarisabilities of the nucleon. The
calculation uses Chiral Effective Field Theory with dynamical Delta(1232)
degrees of freedom in the Small Scale Expansion at next-to-leading order.
Resummation of the NN intermediate rescattering states and including the Delta
induces sizeable effects. The analysis considers cross-sections and the
analysing power of linearly polarised photons on an unpolarised target, and
cross-section differences and asymmetries of linearly and circularly polarised
beams on a vector-polarised deuteron. An intuitive argument helps one to
identify kinematics in which one or several polarisabilities do not contribute.
Some double-polarised observables are only sensitive to linear combinations of
two of the spin-polarisabilities, simplifying a multipole-analysis of the data.
Spin-polarisabilities can be extracted at photon energies \gtrsim 100 MeV,
after measurements at lower energies of \lesssim 70 MeV provide high-accuracy
determinations of the spin-independent ones. An interactive Mathematica 7.0
notebook of our findings is available from [email protected]: 30 pages LaTeX2e, including 22 figures as 66 .eps file embedded with
includegraphicx; three errors in initial submission corrected. This
submission includes ot the erratum to be published in EPJA (2012) and the
corrections in the tex
Non-perturbative Gluons and Pseudoscalar Mesons in Baryon Spectroscopy
We study baryon spectroscopy including the effects of pseudoscalar meson
exchange and one gluon exchange potentials between quarks, governed by
. The non-perturbative, hyperspherical method calculations show that
one can obtain a good description of the data by using a quark-meson coupling
constant that is compatible with the measured pion-nucleon coupling constant,
and a reasonably small value of .Comment: 12 pages; Submitted to Phys. Rev. C. Rapid Communication
Hypertensive patients' perceptions of their physicians' knowledge about them: a cross-sectional study in Japan
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In order to evaluate the difference in quality of primary care provided by physicians between the types of medical institutions in Japan, we examined whether the physicians' comprehensive knowledge of their patients is perceived differently by the patients seen at clinics and hospitals.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Patients with prescriptions for hypertensive drugs were approached sequentially at 13 pharmacies, and were administered a questionnaire on their perception of their physician's knowledge about them. Data were obtained for 687 patients (362 from clinics and 325 from hospitals). A physician's knowledge of his or her patients was assessed according to six aspects: their medical history, their current medications, history of allergy, what worries patients most about their health, patients' values and beliefs on their health, and patients' roles and responsibilities at work, home, or school. Responses were scored from 1 through 6 (1: knows very well; 6: doesn't know at all).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Patients treated in clinics were seen more frequently, for a longer period, and had fewer complications than the patients who were treated in hospitals. Among the six aspects of physicians' knowledge assessed, 79.3% of the patients reported that their physicians knew their complete list of medications "very well or well," while 28.3% reported the same about their roles and responsibilities at work, home, or school. Physicians in clinics were considered to know their patients' worries about their health (p = 0.004) and the roles and responsibilities of the patients at work, home, or school (p = 0.028) well. Multiple regression analysis showed that the type of medical institutions remained as a significant variable only for the aspect of patients' worries about their health. The factor that consistently affected the patients' perception of physicians' knowledge about them was the patients' age.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Hypertensive patients' perceptions of their physicians' knowledge about them did not differ significantly between clinics and hospitals in Japan for most of the aspects. In order to differentiate the roles of physicians in hospitals and clinics better and ensure the quality of primary care, the establishment of a standardized educational system to train primary care physicians better is recommended.</p
A microscopic approach to the response of He -He mixtures
Correlated Basis Function perturbation theory is used to evaluate the zero
temperature response of He-He mixtures for inelastic
neutron scattering, at momentum transfers ranging from to . We adopt a Jastrow correlated ground state and a basis of correlated
particle-hole and phonon states. We insert correlated one particle-one hole and
one-phonon states to compute the second order response. The decay of the
one-phonon states into two-phonon states is accounted for in boson-boson
approximation. The full response is splitted into three partial components
, each of them showing a particle-hole bump and a
one phonon, delta shaped peak, which stays separated from the multiphonon
background. The cross term results to be of comparable
importance to in the particle-hole sector and to
in the phonon one. Once the one-phonon peak has been
convoluted with the experimental broadening, the computed scattering function
is in semiquantitative agreement with recent experimental measurements.Comment: 26 pages, RevTex 3.0, 8 figures available upon reques
Reconstructing the Indian Origin and Dispersal of the European Roma: A Maternal Genetic Perspective
Previous genetic, anthropological and linguistic studies have shown that Roma (Gypsies) constitute a founder population dispersed throughout Europe whose origins might be traced to the Indian subcontinent. Linguistic and anthropological evidence point to Indo-Aryan ethnic groups from North-western India as the ancestral parental population of Roma. Recently, a strong genetic hint supporting this theory came from a study of a private mutation causing primary congenital glaucoma. In the present study, complete mitochondrial control sequences of Iberian Roma and previously published maternal lineages of other European Roma were analyzed in order to establish the genetic affinities among Roma groups, determine the degree of admixture with neighbouring populations, infer the migration routes followed since the first arrival to Europe, and survey the origin of Roma within the Indian subcontinent. Our results show that the maternal lineage composition in the Roma groups follows a pattern of different migration routes, with several founder effects, and low effective population sizes along their dispersal. Our data allowed the confirmation of a North/West migration route shared by Polish, Lithuanian and Iberian Roma. Additionally, eleven Roma founder lineages were identified and degrees of admixture with host populations were estimated. Finally, the comparison with an extensive database of Indian sequences allowed us to identify the Punjab state, in North-western India, as the putative ancestral homeland of the European Roma, in agreement with previous linguistic and anthropological studies
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