13 research outputs found
The expression of the SCD1 gene and its correlation with fattening and carcass traits in sheep
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis
of monounsaturated fatty acids and is involved in several signaling
pathways related to lipid metabolism. The objective of the present study was
to estimate the expression of the SCD1 gene in three different ovine tissues
strongly associated with lipid homeostasis. The SCD1 gene expression measurement
was performed on three tissues (liver, subcutaneous fat, perirenal fat)
originated from 15 old-type Polish Merino sheep. The SCD1 transcript abundance
was evaluated based on the two most stable endogenous controls (RPS2 –
ribosomal protein S2; ATP5G2 – H(+)-transporting ATP
synthase). The highest expression of the SCD1 gene was observed in ovine
subcutaneous fat compared to perirenal fat and liver. Furthermore, the
present research indicated the significant correlation between ovine SCD1
transcript abundance and several important production traits. The expression
of the SCD1 gene in liver and perirenal fat highly positively correlated with
the feed : gain ratio, test of daily gain and age of the animals at slaughter.
Moreover, in both tissues, the SCD1mRNA level positively correlated with weight
and content of perirenal fat and subcutaneous fat (<i>R</i> = 0.64, 0.8, 0.6,
respectively) and negatively with assessment of external fat content with
the use of the EUROP scale (<i>R</i> = −0.64). The SCD1 expression in subcutaneous fat
also corresponds with back fat of blade chop and thickness of longissimus dorsi muscles
evaluated using USG (ultrasonography) (<i>R</i> = −0.6 and 0.62, respectively). The
significant correlation between SCD1 transcript abundance and fattening and
slaughtering traits indicate the ability to improve important production
traits in sheep via modification of expression of the SCD1
gene
Nutritional modification of <i>SCD</i>, <i>ACACA</i> and <i>LPL</i> gene expressions in different ovine tissues
Fatty acid composition is one of the main factors affecting health
benefits of food. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD), acetyl-CoA carboxylase
alpha (ACACA) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) have been considered as the
rate-limiting enzymes in the biosynthesis of different fatty acids critical
in lipid metabolism. The aim of our study was the analysis of differences in
expression profiles of three ovine genes related to lipid metabolism
(LPL, ACACA, SCD) depending on feeding system and tissue
type. The gene expression measurement was performed using a real-time PCR
method on 60 old-type Polish Merino Sheep, which were divided into three feeding
groups (I – complete pellet mixture, n = 12; II – complete mixture with
addition of fresh grass, n = 24; III – complete mixture with addition of
fresh red clover, n = 24). From all lambs, tissue samples – subcutaneous fat,
perirenal fat and liver – were collected immediately after slaughter and
LPL, ACACA and SCD expression was estimated based on two
endogenous controls (RPS2 – ribosomal protein S2;
ATP5G2 – H(+)-transporting ATP synthase). Our research indicated
that supplementation of diet with an addition of fresh grass or red clover
significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the expression of SCD,
ACACA and LPL genes in fat tissue compared to standard complete
pelleted mixture. On the other hand, the highest expression of ACACA
was detected in liver tissue collected from sheep fed a diet with an
addition of fresh red clover (P < 0.05). In turn, the highest
expression of the SCD gene was detected in animals fed with grass
supplementation (P < 0.05). Regardless of diet supplementation, the
highest SCD transcript abundance was detected in perirenal fat,
while LPL and ACACA expression was the highest in both
perirenal and subcutaneous fat. The ability of nutrigenomic regulation of
transcription of analyzed genes confirmed that these genes play a critical
role in regulation of lipid metabolism processes in sheep and could be
associated with fatty acid profiles in milk and meat
Panel of informative SNP markers for two genetic lines of European bison: Lowland and Lowland–Caucasian
As the result of a population bottleneck, the present population of European bison shows a high level of inbreeding, and a significant loss of genetic variability. In studies on such specific species there is a need to apply methods that obtain as much information about the genome as possible in a short time. The aim of the study was to define a panel of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) markers that could serve in genetic diversity analysis of European bison from two lines: Lowland (LB) and Lowland–Caucasian (LC). The study used 57 individuals from the LB line and 72 from the LC line. To identify well–performing SNPs in European bison, we used two microarrays with different markers densities: BovineSNP50 v2 BeadChip and BovineHD BeadChip. As a result of the adopted criteria, 1,421 and 22,122 markers, respectively, were selected. On the basis of statistical analysis (allele frequencies, Fisher’s exact test, and the Z–test), a panel of 1,536 informative SNP markers was ultimately selected for further study; 26 of these with private alleles for the LB line and 611 with private alleles for the LC line. The data obtained in this study could further enrich and support breeding programs in the context of relatedness between particular specimens and herds from captive breeding centres
Molecular characterization of the apoptosis-related SH3RF1 and SH3RF2 genes and their association with exercise performance in Arabian horses
Abstract Background Apoptosis plays an important role in the regulation of healthy tissue growth and development as well as in controlling the maintenance of homeostasis in exercising muscles. During an intensive physical effort, the regulation of cell death by apoptosis results in the replacement of unaccustomed muscle cells by new cells that are better suited to exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of two genes (SH3FR1 and SH3RF2) that control apoptosis in muscle tissues during training periods characterized by different intensities. The gene expression levels were estimated using real-time PCR method in skeletal muscle biopsies collected from 15 Arabian horses (untrained, after an intense gallop phase, and at the end of the racing season). An association study was performed on 250 Arabian horses to assess the effect of the SH3RF2:c.796 T > C (p.Ser266Pro) variant on race performance traits in flat gallop-racing. Results A gene expression analysis confirmed a significant decrease (p C missense variant was associated with selected racing performance traits, which is important information during the evaluation of horses’ exercise predisposition. The association results and frequencies of the CT and TT genotypes suggest the possibility of using SH3RF2 variant in selection to improve the racing performance of Arabian horses
Transcriptome Analysis of Changes Caused by Presence of Chronic Degenerative Endometritis in the Mares Corpus Luteum
Transcriptomic profiling of mare endometrium at different stages of endometrosis
Abstract In the current study, transcriptome profiles of mare endometrium, classified into categories I, IIA, and IIB according to Kenney and Doig, were compared using RNA sequencing, analyzed, and functionally annotated using in silico analysis. In the mild stage (IIA) of endometrosis compared to category I endometrium, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated to inflammation, abnormal metabolism, wound healing, and quantity of connective tissue. In the moderate stage (IIB) of endometrosis compared to category I endometrium, DEGs were annotated to inflammation, fibrosis, cellular homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and pregnancy disorders. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) identified cytokines such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-17 as upstream regulators of DEGs associated with cellular homeostasis, metabolism, and fibrosis signaling pathways. In vitro studies showed the effect of these cytokines on DEGs such as ADAMTS1, -4, -5, -9, and HK2 in endometrial fibroblasts at different stages of endometrosis. The effect of cytokines on ADAMTS members’ gene transcription in fibroblasts differs according to the severity of endometrosis. The identified transcriptomic changes associated with endometrosis suggest that inflammation and metabolic changes are features of mild and moderate stages of endometrosis. The changes of ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, -9, in fibrotic endometrium as well as in endometrial fibroblast in response to TGF-β1, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-17 suggest the important role of these factors in the development of endometrosis