15,228 research outputs found
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Role of government policy in nutrition-barriers to and opportunities for healthier eating
Isostaticity and the solidification of semiflexible polymer melts
Using molecular dynamics simulations of a tangent-soft-sphere bead-spring
polymer model, we examine the degree to which semiflexible polymer melts
solidify at isostaticity. Flexible and stiff chains crystallize when they are
isostatic as defined by appropriate degree-of-freedom-counting arguments.
Semiflexible chains also solidify when isostatic if a generalized isostaticity
criterion that accounts for the slow freezing out of configurational freedom as
chain stiffness increases is employed. The dependence of the average
coordination number at solidification on chains' characteristic ratio
has the same functional form [] as the
dependence of the average coordination number at jamming on
in athermal systems, suggesting that jamming-related phenomena play
a significant role in thermal polymer solidification
The Gut Microbiome Is Altered in a Letrozole-Induced Mouse Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have reproductive and metabolic abnormalities that result in an increased risk of infertility, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The large intestine contains a complex community of microorganisms (the gut microbiome) that is dysregulated in humans with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Using a letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model, we demonstrated significant diet-independent changes in the gut microbial community, suggesting that gut microbiome dysbiosis may also occur in PCOS women. Letrozole treatment was associated with a time-dependent shift in the gut microbiome and a substantial reduction in overall species and phylogenetic richness. Letrozole treatment also correlated with significant changes in the abundance of specific Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes previously implicated in other mouse models of metabolic disease in a time-dependent manner. Our results suggest that the hyperandrogenemia observed in PCOS may significantly alter the gut microbiome independently of diet
A reproducing kernel Hilbert space log-rank test for the two-sample problem
Weighted logârank tests are arguably the most widely used tests by practitioners for the twoâsample problem in the context of rightâcensored data. Many approaches have been considered to make them more robust against a broader family of alternatives, including taking linear combinations, or the maximum among a finite collection of them. In this article, we propose as test statistic the supremum of a collection of (potentially infinitely many) weighted logârank tests where the weight functions belong to the unit ball in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). By using some desirable properties of RKHSs we provide an exact and simple evaluation of the test statistic and establish connections with previous tests in the literature. Additionally, we show that for a special family of RKHSs, the proposed test is omnibus. We finalize by performing an empirical evaluation of the proposed methodology and show an application to a real data scenario
A reproducing kernel Hilbert space log-rank test for the two-sample problem
Weighted logârank tests are arguably the most widely used tests by practitioners for the twoâsample problem in the context of rightâcensored data. Many approaches have been considered to make them more robust against a broader family of alternatives, including taking linear combinations, or the maximum among a finite collection of them. In this article, we propose as test statistic the supremum of a collection of (potentially infinitely many) weighted logârank tests where the weight functions belong to the unit ball in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). By using some desirable properties of RKHSs we provide an exact and simple evaluation of the test statistic and establish connections with previous tests in the literature. Additionally, we show that for a special family of RKHSs, the proposed test is omnibus. We finalize by performing an empirical evaluation of the proposed methodology and show an application to a real data scenario
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A descriptive study of reading miscues of Spanish-speaking elementary school children.
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