Establishment of a validation and benchmark database for the assessment of ship operation in adverse conditions

The Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), introduced by the IMO [1] is applicable for various types of new-built ships since January 2013. Despite the release of an interim guideline [2], concerns regarding the sufficiency of propulsion power and steering devices to maintain manoeuvrability of ships in adverse conditions were raised. This was the motivation for the EU research project SHOPERA (Energy Efficient Safe SHip OPERAtion, 2013-2016 [3-6]). The aim of the project is the development of suitable methods, tools and guidelines to effectively address these concerns and to enable safe and green shipping. Within the framework of SHOPERA, a comprehensive test program consisting of more than 1,300 different model tests for three ship hulls of different geometry and hydrodynamic characteristics has been conducted by four of the leading European maritime experimental research institutes: MARINTEK, CEHIPAR, Flanders Hydraulics Research and Technische Universität Berlin. The hull types encompass two public domain designs, namely the KVLCC2 tanker (KRISO VLCC, developed by KRISO) and the DTC container ship (Duisburg Test Case, developed by Universität Duisburg-Essen) as well as a RoPax ferry design, which is a proprietary hull design of a member of the SHOPERA consortium. The tests have been distributed among the four research institutes to benefit from the unique possibilities of each facility and to gain added value by establishing data sets for the same hull model and test type at different under keel clearances (ukc). This publication presents the scope of the SHOPERA model test program for the two public domain hull models – the KVLCC2 and the DTC. The main particulars and loading conditions for the two vessels as well as the experimental setup is provided to support the interpretation of the examples of experimental data that are discussed. The focus lies on added resistance at moderate speed and drift force tests in high and steep regular head, following and oblique waves. These climates have been selected to check the applicability of numerical models in adverse wave conditions and to cover possible non-linear effects. The obtained test results with the KVLCC2 model in deep water at CEHIPAR are discussed and compared against the results obtained in shallow water at Flanders Hydraulics Research. The DTC model has been tested at MARINTEK in deep water and at Technische Universität Berlin and Flanders Hydraulics Research in intermediate/shallow water in different set-ups. Added resistance and drift force measurements from these facilities are discussed and compared. Examples of experimental data is also presented for manoeuvring in waves. At MARINTEK, turning circle and zig-zag tests have been performed with the DTC in regular waves. Parameters of variation are the initial heading, the wave period and height

Risk-taking attitudes of people who seek health care: An exploratory approach through lottery games using generalized estimating equations

Background: The characterization of the risk-taking attitude of individuals may be useful for planning health care interventions. It has been attempted to study expressions of risk-taking attitude and evaluate characteristics of a standard lottery game in a population that seeks health care to elicit these attitudes. Methods: Multicentric cross-sectional study. Demographic and socioe-conomic characteristics, quality of life (EuroQol-5D), and health risk behaviors were collected from 662 users of 23 health centers selected by random sampling. Risk-taking attitude was evaluated by means of a self-evaluation scale and two lotteries games (L1 and L2; L2 included the possibility of economic losses). Generalized estimating equations (GEE) explicative models were used to evaluate the variability of risk-taking attitude. Results: Nineteen percent out of interviewed people (CI95%: 15.6-22.6%) expressed a high risk appetite, but only 10.0% (CI95% 7.0 to 13.0) were classified as risk-seeking by L2. It was found association between increased risk appetite and having a better perception of health status (0.110. CI95%: 0.007-0.212) or a higher income (0.010. CI95%: 0.017-0.123) or smoking status (0.059. CI95%: 0.004-0.114). Being Spanish was associated with lower risk appetite (-0.105. CI95%: -0.005 -0.205), as being over 65 (-0.031. CI95%:- 0.061- -0.001) or a woman (-0.038. CI95%:-0.064- -0.012). The intraclass correlation coefficient for self-evaluation scale was 0.511 (95% CI: 0.372 to 0.629), 0.571 (95% CI: 0.441-0.678) for L1 and 0.349 (95% CI: 0.186-0.493) for L2. Conclusions: People who seek health care express certain inclination to risk, but this feature is attenuated when methodologies involving losses are used. Risk appetite seems greater in young people, males, people with better health, or more income, and in immigrants. Lottery games such as the proposed ones are a simple and useful tool to estimate individuals'' inclination to risk

Terminologie e vocabolari : lessici specialistici e tesauri, glossari e dizionari

Il volume contiene i lavori selezionati dal Consiglio Scientifico dell’Associazione Italiana per la Terminologia (Ass.I.Term), presentati in occasione del Convegno annuale del 2019, ospitato presso l’Accademia della Crusca. La lessicografia italiana è stata lungamente influenzata dai capolavori della letteratura, soprattutto da quella più antica, ed è pertanto in questo solco che il volume, il quale mostra la vitalità degli studi sulla terminologia, si iscrive, proponendo una riflessione che tocca il confronto tra terminologia e lessicografia, attraverso cui tecnica e scienza possono mostrare la loro funzione positiva per lo sviluppo e la crescita della lingua italiana

Protocol d'actuació per al control de malalties parasitàries en immigrants

Malalties parasitàries; Immigrants; Procediments d'actuacióParasitic diseases; ProceduresEnfermedades parasitarias; Inmigrantes; Procedimientos de actuaciónAquest protocol d’actuació per al control de les malalties parasitàries en immigrants pretén facilitar als professionals sanitaris que treballen en l’atenció primària de salut uns criteris bàsics que els permetin descartar, o diagnosticar i tractar, algunes malalties que són més freqüents en els immigrants de determinades àrees que en la població autòctona de Catalunya

Economic Valuation of Health Care Services in Public Health Systems: A Study about Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Nursing Consultations

Background: Identifying the economic value assigned by users to a particular health service is of principal interest in planning the service. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of economic value of nursing consultation in primary care (PC) by its users. Methods and Results: Economic study using contingent valuation methodology. A total of 662 users of nursing consultation from 23 health centers were included. Data on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, health needs, pattern of usage, and satisfaction with provided service were compiled. The validity of the response was evaluated by an explanatory mixed-effects multilevel model in order to assess the factors associated with the response according to the welfare theory. Response reliability was also evaluated. Subjects included in the study indicated an average Willingness to Pay (WTP) of €14.4 (CI 95%: €13.2–15.5; median €10) and an average Willingness to Accept [Compensation] (WTA) of €20.9 (CI 95%: €19.6–22.2; median €20). Average area income, personal income, consultation duration, home visit, and education level correlated with greater WTP. Women and older subjects showed lower WTP. Fixed parameters explained 8.41% of the residual variability, and response clustering in different health centers explained 4–6% of the total variability. The influence of income on WTP was different in each center. The responses for WTP and WTA in a subgroup of subjects were consistent when reassessed after 2 weeks (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.952 and 0.893, respectively). Conclusions: The economic value of nursing services provided within PC in a public health system is clearly perceived by its user. The perception of this value is influenced by socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the subjects and their environment, and by the unique characteristics of the evaluated service. The method of contingent valuation is useful for making explicit this perception of value of health services

Protocol d'actuació per al control de malalties parasitàries en immigrants

Immigrants; Parasitosis; EosinofíliaInmigrantes; Parasitosis; EosinofiliaImmigrants; Parasitic; EosinophiliaProtocol d’actuació per al control de les malalties parasitàries en immigrants dirigida als professionals sanitaris que treballen en l’atenció primària de salut que ofereix uns criteris bàsics que els permetin descartar, o diagnosticar i tractar, algunes malalties que són més freqüents en els immigrants de determinades àrees que en la població autòctona de Catalunya. Es presenta, en primer lloc, un protocol comú de cribratge per aplicar a les persones asimptomàtiques però que poden estar parasitades, independentment de la zona de procedència. A continuació es detallen els cribratges específics que s’han de fer segons la zona de procedencia i seguidament es presenten les possibles etiologies en què cal pensar davant de pacients que presenten eosinofília acompanyada de dolor abdominal o diarrea; alteracions dèrmiques o de parts toves; infiltrat pulmonar. També es descriuen les proves que han de realitzar-se per poder diagnosticar aquestes malalties. Es presenten les principals parasitosis que cursen sense eosinofília segons el seu quadre clínic i la distribució geogràfica. Trobem també un resum dels tractaments d’elecció per a les malalties parasitàries que es presenten en aquest protocol d’actuació. Finalment, es presenten l’epidemiologia, el quadre clínic, el diagnòstic i el tractament de dues malalties (malària i leishmaniosi) que, per la seva freqüència i gravetat, mereixen un abordatge diferenciat.Protocolo de actuación para el control de las enfermedades parasitarias en inmigrantes dirigida a los profesionales sanitarios que trabajan en la atención primaria de salud que ofrece unos criterios básicos que los permitan descartar, o diagnosticar i tratar, algunas enfermedades que son más frecuentes en los inmigrantes de determinadas áreas que en la población autóctona de Cataluña. Se presenta, en primer lugar, un protocolo común de cribado para aplicar a las personas asintomáticas pero que pueden estar parasitadas, independientemente de la zona de procedencia. A continuación se detallan los cribados específicos que tienen que hacerse según la zona de procedencia y seguidamente se presentan las posibles etilogias en las que es necesario pensar ante pacientes que presenten eosinofilia acompañada de dolor abdominal o diarrea; alteraciones dermicas o de partes blandas; infiltrado pulmonar. También se describen las pruebas que tienen que realizarse para poder diagnosticar estas enfermedades. Se presentan las principales parasitosis que cursan sin eosinofilia según su cuadro clínico y la distribución geográfica. Encontramos también un resumen de los tratamientos de elección para las enfermedades parasitarias que se presentan en este protocolo de actuación. Finalmente, se presentan la epidemiología, el cuadro clínico, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de dos enfermedades (malaria y leishmanosis) que, para su frecuencia y gravedad, merecen un abordaje diferenciado

Professional interventions to implement guidelines to prevent hazardous alcohol consumption by patients in primary care settings (Protocol)

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