The role of atomic fluorescence spectrometry in the automatic environmental monitoring of trace element analysis

Considerable attention has been drawn to the environmental levels of mercury, arsenic, selenium and antimony in the last decade. Legislative and environmental pressure has forced levels to be lowered and this has created an additional burden for analytical chemists. Not only does an analysis have to reach lower detection levels, but it also has to be seen to be correct. Atomic fluorescence detection, especially when coupled to vapour generation techniques, offers both sensitivity and specificity

Determination of methylmercury using liquid chromatography – photochemical vapour generation – atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (LC-PVG-AFS) : a simple, green analytical method

Acknowledgements The authors thank P S Analytical for financial support for the project. In addition, the author would like to thank Dr Nick Ralston for providing the tuna samples used in the method validation, as well as Jonas Kunigkeit and Jasmina Allen for their help in the lab.Peer reviewedPostprin

Methylmercury varies more than one order of magnitude in commercial European rice

P.M. thanks the Royal Thai Government for funding and C.C.B. thanks the School of Natural and Computing Science and PS Analytical for funding.Peer reviewedPostprin

An accurate fast screening for total and inorganic arsenic in rice grain using hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS)

Two novel methods based on hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry for the accurate screening of total and inorganic arsenic (As) in rice grain digests in 5 and 2 minutes, respectively, are proposed here.</p

Automated cold vapour flow-injection analysis of mercury at high concentrations

Continuous-flow cold vapour- atomic fluorescence spectrometry is shown to be an extremely sensitive technique for the determination of mercury with detection limits typically below 0.01 μg l-1. Linear calibration ranges were found to be at least four orders of magnitude (i.e. up to 0.1 mg l-1). Samples with concentrations exceeding the linear range are susceptible to self-absorption, and may, in severe cases, cause carry-over problems between samples. The flow-injection approach has been utilized to extend the upper limit of the linear calibration range allowing determinations up to 10 mg l-1 of mercury. A range of certified reference materials and zinc battery anodes have been successfully analysed with a minimal number of sample dilutions

Arsenic speciation in beverages by direct injection-ion chromatography hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry

The procedure developed allows the direct speciation of arsenic in these samples with good sensitivity, selectivity, precision and accuracy. Detection limits determined using the optimized conditions were found to be between 0.16 and 2.9ng ml−1 for arsenite, dimethylarsinic acid, monomethylarsonic acid and arsenate, while standard addition studies showed that the procedure is free from matrix interferences. As no certified reference materials are available for these analytes or matrices, validation was carried out by studying spike recoveries and by comparison of results with an alternative technique

A REVIEW OF 3D GIS FOR USE IN CREATING VIRTUAL HISTORIC DUBLIN

This paper illustrates how BIM integration with GIS is approached as part of the workflow in creating Virtual Historic Dublin. A design for a WEB based interactive 3D model of historic buildings and centres in Dublin City (Virtual Historic Dublin City) paralleling smart city initiates is now under construction and led by the National Monuments at the Office of Public Works in Ireland. The aim is to facilitate the conservation and maintenance of historic infrastructure and fabric and the dissemination of knowledge for education and cultural tourism using an extensive Historic Building Information Model. Remote sensing data is now processed with greater ease to create 3D intelligent models in Historic BIM. While the use of remote sensing, HBIM and game engine platforms are the main applications used at present, 3D GIS has potential to form part of the workflow for developing the Virtual Historic City. 2D GIS is now being replaced by 3D spatial data allowing more complex analysis to be carried out, 3D GIS can define and depict buildings, urban rural centres in relation to their geometry topological, semantic and visualisation properties. The addition of semantic attributes allows complex analysis and 3D spatial queries for modelling city and urban elements. This analysis includes fabric and structural elements of buildings, relief, vegetation, transportation, water bodies, city furniture and land use