Yuripopoverus africanus gen.et sp.n.from East African copal (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae)

A new genus and species of the planthopper family Ricaniidae Yuripopoverus africanus gen. et sp. n. is described and illustrated on the basis of an inclusion in East African copal

New Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera:Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodomorpha) from Eocene baltic amber

A new genus and species of whitefly from Eocene Baltic amber is described. Paernis gregorius gen. et sp. n. is placed in the subfamily Aleurodicinae. Other findings of Aleyrodidae including ‘Aleyrodes’ aculeatus MENGE, 1856 from Baltic amber are discussed

Infrastructure and Centrality in Town during Annual Fairs: Three Polish Examples (1385-1655)

The aim of this paper is to reflect on how annual fairs challenged the urban spatialities of trade in medieval and old-regime towns. It is also to pose the question of centrality under the point of view of both the centrality of commercial towns in regional and international networks and the urban centrality of spaces dedicated to trade activities. The study is based on the example of three towns of Greater Poland in the late Middle Ages and Early Modern period. Focusing on trade facilities and on the management of the city space during annual fairs (extraordinary times in the life of cities, when the guild monopoly was suspended and many foreign merchants and ordinary people were gathering in the city), the aim here is to analyse the way in which urban authorities handled the organisation of such big endeavours and how the city space was managed, valorised, and utilized

Comparative perspectives of adult content filtering : legal challenges and implications

The internet is virtually ubiquitous and is becoming more accessible to young people all over the world. Along with the many benefits it brings, the internet poses serious risks to the human rights of its most vulnerable users, viz. children. The United Kingdom, Poland and the US State of Utah have already started to mitigate this risk through a variety of regulatory mechanisms. A priori, both self-regulation and hard law can satisfy international requirements on freedom of services and freedom of expression, but each requires careful scrutiny. Neither self-regulation nor soft law appear to be sufficient. It would seem, therefore, that public legal instruments are required. These measures come with a requirement of greater transparency and often allow for the possibility of challenging individual decisions or abstract regulations before the courts

Dynamic size and speed cursor for large, high-resolution displays

As larger displays become more available their lack of adequate input techniques becomes apparent. In this paper we show the scalability of the dynamic size and speed cursor for large, high-resolution displays. We introduce the idea of a dynamic paradigm for input devices, explain three implementations of the dynamic size and speed (DSS) cursor and explain results of an experiment. In our experiment we compared the three different implementations of the dynamic size and speed cursor to cursor warping and standard cursor settings. In the experiment we found gender bias for two different tasks (clicking and simple drag and drop), found that one of the dynamic size and speed cursor implementations generally outperformed cursor warping and the standard cursor setting, and explain how distance to and size of targets effected results. We conclude by suggesting the use of a dynamic size and speed cursor with large, high-resolution displays

New genus and species of Aleyrodidae from Eocene Baltic amber (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodomorpha)

A new genus Rovnodicus gen. n., with new species Rovnodicus wojciechowskii sp. n. is described from Eocene Rovno amber, Ukraine. It is placed in the subfamily Aleurodicinae. It is the first whitefly from this fossil source. Its morphological features and taxonomic position with respect to other Aleurodicinae from the Eocene are briefly discussed. The article outlines the influences of this finding on discussions of the origin, age and taxonomic similarities between Baltic amber from Ukraine and that from the Gulf of Gdańsk and Bitterfeld as well as on palaeoecological reconstructions of the fossil site. The name ‘Aleurochiton eozaenicus WEIGELT 1940’, mentioned as the fossil puparium of a whitefly from the Middle Eocene Geiseltal Fossillagerstätte appears to be nomen nudum

Comparative Perspectives of Adult Content Filtering: Legal Challenges and Implications

The internet is virtually ubiquitous and is becoming more accessible to young people all over the world. Along with the many benefits it brings, the internet poses serious risks to the human rights of its most vulnerable users, viz. children. The United Kingdom, Poland and the U.S. State of Utah have already started to mitigate this risk through a variety of regulatory mechanisms. A priori, both self-regulation and hard law can satisfy international requirements on freedom of services and freedom of expression, but each requires careful scrutiny. Neither self-regulation nor soft law appear to be sufficient. It would seem, therefore, that public legal instruments are required. These measures come with a requirement of greater transparency and often allow for the possibility of challenging individual decisions or abstract regulations before the courts

The developing concept of a global administrative Law

The article presents an analysis of a global administrative law since the announcement of its “emergence” by professors Kingsbury, Krisch and Stewart. It acknowledges the role of this concept as a doctrinal platform between ius inter gentes and domestic legal orders in times of globalization and global governance. The article is composed of three parts reflecting elements of the term “global administrative law”. The first part is mostly based on the juxtaposition of the “global law” and the “international law”. The second part analyses the concept of (not necessarily positivist sense of) “law” in the global administrative law. The third part mostly focuses on standards of administrative law which become recognized on the supranational level