Metastasis of adrenocortical carcinoma to the heart

Not required for Clinical Vignette

Analyzing Local Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions From Space Using the Divergence Method: An Application to the Synthetic SMARTCARB Dataset

Since the Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015, the role of space-based observations for monitoring anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has increased. To meet the requirements for monitoring carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, the European Copernicus programme is preparing a dedicated CO2 Monitoring (CO2M) satellite constellation that will provide CO2 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) observations at 4 km2 resolution along a 250 km wide swath. In this paper, we adapt the recently developed divergence method to derive both CO2 and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions of cities and power plants from a CO2M satellite constellation by using synthetic observations from the COSMO-GHG model. Due to its long lifetime, the large CO2 atmospheric background needs to be removed to highlight the anthropogenic enhancements before calculating the divergence. Since the CO2 noise levels are large compared to the anthropogenic enhancements, we apply different denoising methods and compare the effect on the CO2 emission estimates. The annual NOx and CO2 emissions estimated from the divergence maps using the peak fitting approach are in agreement with the expected values, although with larger uncertainties for CO2. We also consider the possibility to use co-emitted NOx emission estimates for quantifying the CO2 emissions, by using source-specific NOx-to-CO2 emission ratios derived directly from satellite observations. In general, we find that the divergence method provides a promising tool for estimating CO2 emissions, alternative to typical methods based on inverse modeling or on the analysis of individual CO2 plumes

Rodzina w zdrowiu i w chorobie. Uwarunkowania środowiskowe zdrowia

Praca recenzowana / peer-reviewed pape

Kształcenie logopedów w Polsce - perspektywy rozwojowe

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie koncepcji i modeli kształcenia logopedów w Polsce oraz perspektyw rozwojowych kształcenia tych specjalistów. Rozpoznania dokonano na podstawie analizy aktów prawnych, literatury przedmiotu oraz wtórnej analizy badań już istniejących. Dziś w kontekście projektu Ustawy o niektórych zawodach medycznych jest to temat bardzo aktualny. Dokument powyższy bowiem z uwagi na wybiórcze, medyczne rozumienie roli logopedów sytuuje ich w miejscu, które zdaniem Polskiego Związku Logopedów, Polskiego Towarzystwa Logopedycznego, środowiska akademickiego oraz logopedów-praktyków jest niewłaściwe i może znacząco wpłynąć nie tylko na status zawodowy logopedy, jego miejsce w społeczeństwie, ale także na zmianę systemu kształcenia w powyższym zawodzie

The Performance Measurement of International Innovative Projects - Case Study KIC Innoenergy

Celem artykułu jest prezentacja sposobów pomiaru efektów projektów innowacyjnych. Aby potwierdzić skuteczność działań prowadzonych na rzecz zwiększenia innowacyjności konieczne jest wprowadzenie systemów pozwalających na pomiar ich efektów. W pierwszej części artykułu zostały przedstawione teoretyczne zagadnienia związane z innowacyjnością, pomiarem efektów projektów oraz pomiarem poziomu innowacyjności. Złożony charakter innowacyjności powoduje, że jej kompleksowy pomiar wymaga zastosowania kompozycji wielu mierników. W drugiej części opracowania zostały przedstawione wyniki studium przypadku - analiza mierników służących do oceny efektów międzynarodowych projektów innowacyjnych realizowanych w ramach wspólnej inicjatywy o nazwie KIC Innoenergy.The aim of the article is to present ways to measure the effects of innovation projects. To confirm the effectiveness of the work being done to increase the innovation necessary to introduce systems to measure their effects. The first part of the article presents theoretical issues related to innovation, project outcomes measurement and the measurement of the level of innovation. The complex nature of innovation makes its comprehensive measurement requires the use of a composition of many meters. The second part of the study presents results of a case study - an analysis of indicators used to assess the effects of international innovative projects realized under the initiative KIC Innoenergy

Estimating surface-level nitrogen dioxide concentrations from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI observations in Finland

In recent decades, satellite instruments have been providing observations of air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with global coverage. Since late 2018, the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on-board the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite has produced NO2 vertical column densities (VCDs) with the best spatial resolution (currently 5.5 × 3.5 km2 at nadir). In this paper, we test and adapt two previously published methods to estimate surface-level NO2 concentrations from TROPOMI VCD retrievals in the specific conditions of Finland. Satellite-based estimates show good correlation with co-located surface NO2 measurements from the Finnish AQ network, although not accounting for the level of NO2 mixing within the boundary layer leads to underestimation. We also use a linear relation between in situ measurements and surface-level estimates to correct for the observed negative bias in the estimates. Finally, we use chemical transport model simulations to estimate the ratio of the annual mean surface concentrations to the values sampled according to TROPOMI observation times, and use it to correct our surface-level NO2 estimates for compatibility with annual limit values defined in AQ legislation. Overall, the results provide new information to complement traditional ground-based AQ measurements, especially over areas where the surface AQ networks are sparse, and to support national environmental authorities in air quality assessment and reporting

Content of Ni, Pb and Zn, in selected elements of ecosystem in three bays in the area of Sevastopol

The aim of the study was to evaluate the content of Ni, Pb and Zn in the water and larvae of fish of the genus Atherinidae L., caught in three bays in the area of Sevastopol. The study was conducted in 2012 in the three bays in the area of Sevastopol: Galubaya, Omega and Karantinna. The results indicate that the content of all elements studied was at a higher level than that observed in the uncontaminated basins. The average concentration of Ni, Pb and Zn in water was respectively: 1.199; 14.62 and 64.32 μg · dm-3. The content of the elements studied in the examined fish larvae Atherinidae ranged from 6.413 to 19.65 mg Ni kg -1, from 1.749 to 5.393 mg Pb kg -1 and from 97.16 to 215.24 mg Zn kg-1

Content of Ni, Pb and Zn, in selected elements of ecosystem in three bays in the area of Sevastopol

The aim of the study was to evaluate the content of Ni, Pb and Zn in the water and larvae of fish of the genus Atherinidae L., caught in three bays in the area of Sevastopol. The study was conducted in 2012 in the three bays in the area of Sevastopol: Galubaya, Omega and Karantinna. The results indicate that the content of all elements studied was at a higher level than that observed in the uncontaminated basins. The average concentration of Ni, Pb and Zn in water was respectively: 1.199; 14.62 and 64.32 μg · dm-3. The content of the elements studied in the examined fish larvae Atherinidae ranged from 6.413 to 19.65 mg Ni kg -1, from 1.749 to 5.393 mg Pb kg -1 and from 97.16 to 215.24 mg Zn kg-1

Global ozone loss following extreme solar proton storms based on the July 2012 coronal mass ejection

Abstract Large solar coronal mass ejections pose a threat in the near-Earth space. As a cause of extreme periods of space weather, they can damage satellite-based communications and create geomagnetically induced currents in power and energy grids. Further, the solar wind energetic particles can reduce the protecting layer of atmospheric ozone and pose a threat to life on Earth. The large coronal mass ejection (CME) of July 2012, although directed away from the Earth, is often highlighted as a prime example of a potentially devastating super storm. Here we show, based on proton fluxes recorded by the instruments aboard the STEREO-A satellite, that the atmospheric response to the July 2012 event would have been comparable to those of the largest solar proton events of the satellite era. Significant impact on total ozone outside polar regions would require a much larger event, similar to those recorded in historical proxy data sets. Such an extreme event would cause long-term ozone reduction all the way to the equator and increase the size, duration, and depth of the Antarctic ozone hole. The impact would be comparable to predicted drastic and sudden ozone reduction from major volcanic eruptions, regional nuclear conflicts, or long-term stratospheric geoengineering