Leptin-based hexamers facilitate memory and prevent amyloid-driven AMPA receptor internalisation and neuronal degeneration

Datasets in support of the paper Leptin-based hexamers facilitate memory and prevent amyloid-driven AMPA receptor internalisation and neuronal degeneration These data are made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Searching biomedical databases on complementary medicine: the use of controlled vocabulary among authors, indexers and investigators

BACKGROUND: The optimal retrieval of a literature search in biomedicine depends on the appropriate use of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), descriptors and keywords among authors and indexers. We hypothesized that authors, investigators and indexers in four biomedical databases are not consistent in their use of terminology in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). METHODS: Based on a research question addressing the validity of spinal palpation for the diagnosis of neuromuscular dysfunction, we developed four search concepts with their respective controlled vocabulary and key terms. We calculated the frequency of MeSH, descriptors, and keywords used by authors in titles and abstracts in comparison to standard practices in semantic and analytic indexing in MEDLINE, MANTIS, CINAHL, and Web of Science. RESULTS: Multiple searches resulted in the final selection of 38 relevant studies that were indexed at least in one of the four selected databases. Of the four search concepts, validity showed the greatest inconsistency in terminology among authors, indexers and investigators. The use of spinal terms showed the greatest consistency. Of the 22 neuromuscular dysfunction terms provided by the investigators, 11 were not contained in the controlled vocabulary and six were never used by authors or indexers. Most authors did not seem familiar with the controlled vocabulary for validity in the area of neuromuscular dysfunction. Recently, standard glossaries have been developed to assist in the research development of manual medicine. CONCLUSIONS: Searching biomedical databases for CAM is challenging due to inconsistent use of controlled vocabulary and indexing procedures in different databases. A standard terminology should be used by investigators in conducting their search strategies and authors when writing titles, abstracts and submitting keywords for publications

Output-based assessment of herd-level freedom from infection in endemic situations:Application of a Bayesian Hidden Markov model

International audienceCountries have implemented control programmes (CPs) for cattle diseases such as bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) that are tailored to each country-specific situation. Practical methods are needed to assess the output of these CPs in terms of the confidence of freedom from infection that is achieved. As part of the STOC free project, a Bayesian Hidden Markov model was developed, called STOC free model, to estimate the probability of infection at herd-level. In the current study, the STOC free model was applied to BVDV field data in four study regions, from CPs based on ear notch samples. The aim of this study was to estimate the probability of herd-level freedom from BVDV in regions that are not (yet) free. We additionally evaluated the sensitivity of the parameter estimates and predicted probabilities of freedom to the prior distributions for the different model parameters. First, default priors were used in the model to enable comparison of model outputs between study regions. Thereafter, country-specific priors based on expert opinion or historical data were used in the model, to study the influence of the priors on the results and to obtain country-specific estimates.The STOC free model calculates a posterior value for the model parameters (e.g. herd-level test sensitivity and specificity, probability of introduction of infection) and a predicted probability of infection. The probability of freedom from infection was computed as one minus the probability of infection. For dairy herds that were considered free from infection within their own CP, the predicted probabilities of freedom were very high for all study regions ranging from 0.98 to 1.00, regardless of the use of default or country-specific priors. The priors did have more influence on two of the model parameters, herd-level sensitivity and the probability of remaining infected, due to the low prevalence and incidence of BVDV in the study regions. The advantage of STOC free model compared to scenario tree modelling, the reference method, is that actual data from the CP can be used and estimates are easily updated when new data becomes availabl

Key issues for implementation of genomic medicine into healthcare: recommendations from Country Exchange Visits to the United Kingdom, Estonia and Finland

Para que todos os cidadãos europeus possam vir a beneficiar da medi cina genómica de forma equitativa, é essencial colmatar as assime trias existentes na Europa na implementação das análises genómicas nos cuidados de saúde. Promover o diálogo e a cooperação entre países, contribuindo para a sua capacitação e partilha de boas práticas, é essencial para o avanço da medicina genómica a nível nacional e europeu. Nesse sentido, o projeto Beyond 1 Million Genomes (B1MG) organizou três Country Exchange Visits (CEVs) a países europeus com estratégias genómicas avançadas, nomeadamente o Reino Unido, a Estónia e a Finlândia. Estas visitas promoveram uma discus são aberta sobre os pontos-chave para a implementação sustentável da medicina genómica nos serviços de saúde. Profissionais de saúde e investigadores dos países signatários da iniciativa europeia de 1 Milhão de Genomas (1+MG) participaram nesses eventos, alguns dos quais apresentaram as respetivas iniciativas nacionais para a medi cina genómica. Com base nas boas práticas apresentadas, e em exemplos reais dos países anfitriões, foram propostas recomendações em áreas essenciais à implementação sustentável da medicina genómica nos sistemas de saúde europeus, nomeadamente: (i) o envolvimento dos cidadãos e dos doentes; (ii) o investimento em infraestruturas e a regulamentação na prática clínica; (iii) a formação e capacitação de profissionais de saúde; (iv) a construção de um ecossistema sustentável baseado em sinergias entre sistemas de saúde, investigação e indústria.For genomic medicine to become accessible to all European citi zens, it is essential to bridge the current gaps across European countries regarding the maturity of genomics use in health care. Promoting dialogue and cooperation between countries, contributing to capacity building and sharing best practices is thus essential for the advancement of genomic medicine at national and European levels. The Beyond 1 Million Genomes (B1MG) project is a Coordination and Support Action funded by the European Commission, to assist the 1+ Million Genomes Initiative. The 1+MG Initiative engages 26 European countries in the development of a framework for genomic and health data access across borders, to facilitate research and perso nalised medicine in Europe. To improve cooperation across European health systems, the B1MG project organized three Country Exchange Visits (CEVs) to countries with well advanced genomic strategies, namely the United Kingdom, Estonia and Finland, to discuss the critical factors for the sustainable implementation of national strategies for genomic medicine. Researchers and health professionals involved in the 1+MG Initiative participated in these events, and 13 countries presented the status of their genomic medicine strategies. Based on the presentations and discussions, a set of recommendations for the successful implementation of genomic medicine in European health systems were proposed in four key areas: patient and citizen engagement; infrastructure and regulation for implementation of genomics into clinical practice; workforce education and training; and building a sustainable ecosystem based on synergies between clinical practice, research and industryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Measuring and improving the quality of mental health care: a global perspective

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141815/1/wps20482.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141815/2/wps20482_am.pd

Inputs to quality: supervision, management, and community involvement in health facilities in Egypt in 2004

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>As low- and middle-income countries experience economic development, ensuring quality of health care delivery is a central component of health reform. Nevertheless, health reforms in low- and middle-income countries have focused more on access to services rather than the quality of these services, and reporting on quality has been limited. In the present study, we sought to examine the prevalence and regional variation in key management practices in Egyptian health facilities within three domains: supervision of the facility from the Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP), managerial processes, and patient and community involvement in care.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from 559 facilities surveyed with the Egyptian Service Provision Assessment (ESPA) survey in 2004, the most recent such survey in Egypt. We registered on the Measure Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) website <url>http://legacy.measuredhs.com/login.cfm</url> to gain access to the survey data. From the ESPA sampled 559 MOHP facilities, we excluded a total of 79 facilities because they did not offer facility-based 24-hour care or have at least one physician working in the facility, resulting in a final sample of 480 facilities. The final sample included 76 general service hospitals, 307 rural health units, and 97 maternal and child health and urban health units (MCH/urban units). We used standard frequency analyses to describe facility characteristics and tested the statistical significance of regional differences using chi-square statistics.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Nearly all facilities reported having external supervision within the 6 months preceding the interview. In contrast, key facility-level managerial processes, such as having routine and documented management meetings and applying quality assurance approaches, were uncommon. Involvement of communities and patients was also reported in a minority of facilities. Hospitals and health units located in Urban Egypt compared with more rural parts of Egypt were significantly more likely to have management committees that met at least monthly, to keep official records of the meetings, and to have an approach for reviewing quality assurance activities.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Although the data precede the recent reform efforts of the MOHP, they provide a baseline against which future progress can be measured. Targeted efforts to improve facility-level management are critical to supporting quality improvement initiatives directed at improving the quality of health care throughout the country.</p